Hypofrontality in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of functional imaging studies - PubMed (original) (raw)
Meta-Analysis
Hypofrontality in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of functional imaging studies
K Hill et al. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2004 Oct.
Abstract
Objective: Hypofrontality is not a well-replicated finding in schizophrenia either at rest or under conditions of task activation.
Method: Studies comparing whole brain and frontal blood flow/metabolism in schizophrenic patients and normal controls were pooled. Voxel-based studies were also combined to examine the pattern of prefrontal activation in schizophrenia.
Results: Whole brain flow/metabolism was reduced in schizophrenia to only a small extent. Resting and activation frontal flow/metabolism were both reduced with a medium effect size. Duration of illness significantly moderated resting hypofrontality, but the moderating effects of neuroleptic treatment were consistent with an influence on global flow/metabolism only. Pooling of voxel-based studies did not suggest an abnormal pattern of activation in schizophrenia.
Conclusion: Meta-analysis supports resting hypofrontality in schizophrenia. Task-activated hypofrontality is also supported, but there is little from voxel-based studies to suggest that this is associated with an altered pattern of regional functional architecture.
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