Investigation of the therapeutic effects, predictors, and complications of long-term immunosuppressive therapy in dogs with precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia - PubMed (original) (raw)

Investigation of the therapeutic effects, predictors, and complications of long-term immunosuppressive therapy in dogs with precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia

Mei Sugawara-Suda et al. J Vet Med Sci. 2023.

Abstract

Dogs with precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia (PIMA) are commonly treated with immunosuppressive therapy, but information on predictors of treatment response and response time is limited. Therefore, we retrospectively investigated predictive factors that influenced the treatment response and duration required to observe a response in dogs with PIMA receiving continuous immunosuppressive therapies for more than 105 days. Of 50 client-owned dogs that developed PIMA, 27 were included in this study, of which 18 were responders and 9 were non-responders to immunosuppressive therapies. Sixteen of the 18 responders responded to treatment within 60 days and the remaining 2 responded at 93 and 126 days, respectively. We found that an erythroid-maturation ratio of <0.17 may be a useful predictor for treatment response. In addition, complications of immunosuppressive therapies were investigated further in 50 dogs. Pancreatitis (n=4) and pneumonia (3) occurred over the entire treatment period, and infections such as abscesses (3) tended to be more common in dogs on an extended period of immunosuppressive therapy. These findings may be helpful when planning for the initial treatment and may provide evidence for informed consent about potential comorbidities throughout the treatment course.

Keywords: canine; erythroid-maturation ratio; immunosuppressive therapy; non-regenerative immune-mediated anemia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest associated with this manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Sankey diagrams illustrating the study design of 50 dogs diagnosed with precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia. Outcomes are written horizontally in each node with the height representing the number of dogs.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Stacked bar graph showing the cumulative percentage of responders to long-term immunosuppressive therapy per month in 28 dogs with precursor-targeted immune-mediated anemia. White=immunosuppressive non-responders; black=immunosuppressive responders.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3.

Receiver operating characteristic curves for the cutoff point of the erythroid-maturation ratio.

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