Temporal Patterns of Change in Physical and Cognitive Performance - PubMed (original) (raw)

Temporal Patterns of Change in Physical and Cognitive Performance

Pankaja Desai et al. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2024.

Abstract

Background: This study examined the relation between declines in physical and cognitive performance in older people.

Methods: A population-based cohort of 7 483 adults (average age 72 years) were interviewed. Physical performance was assessed with 3 standardized tests and a combination of 4 cognitive tests was used to assess cognitive function. Rate of change in physical and cognitive performance was determined for each interval between interviews. In mixed effects linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, and study time, and change in each factor was used to predict change in the other factor. We examined time associations by using changes in the predictor measured at 1, 2, or 3 intervals before the outcome change.

Results: Decline in cognitive function was most strongly predicted by physical decline in the same 3-year interval. The decline in cognitive function was weaker in the 1-time interval after the decline in physical function and was not significant in later intervals. When a decline in cognitive function was used to predict a decline in physical function, the results were similar. The strongest association occurred in the same time interval so that declines in cognitive and physical performance tend to occur together.

Conclusions: Decline in cognition and physical function seem to occur together in a short timeframe. It is important to investigate the reasons for these changes that are short-term to guide the development of interventions.

Keywords: Cognition; Epidemiology; Physical function; Physical performance.

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Conflict of interest statement

P.D. does not have conflicts of interest. S.H., K.R.K., K.B.R., and D.A.E. have funding from National Institutes of Health. The other authors declare no conflict.

Figures

Figure 1.

Design for studying the time relationship between a change in cognitive function relative to a change in physical function. The headings Fol1 through Fol6 represent the times that follow-up data were collected. ΔCog1 through ΔCog6 represent the changes in cognitive function that occurred between the data collection times. ΔPhy1 through ΔPhy6 represent the corresponding changes in physical function.

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Temporal Patterns of Change in Physical and Cognitive Performance - PubMed (original) (raw)