Estimated proportion of cancer deaths not addressed by current cancer screening efforts in the United States - PubMed (original) (raw)

Estimated proportion of cancer deaths not addressed by current cancer screening efforts in the United States

Joshua J Ofman et al. Cancer Biomark. 2025 Jan.

Abstract

BackgroundIt is unclear what proportion of the population cancer burden is covered by current implementation of USPSTF A/B screening recommendations.ObjectiveWe estimated the proportion of all US cancer deaths caused by cancer types not covered by screening recommendations or cancer types covered but unaddressed by current implementation.MethodsWe used 2018-2019 National Center for Health Statistics mortality data, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries incidence-based mortality data, and published estimates of screening eligibility and receipt.ResultsOf approximately 600,000 annual cancer deaths in the US, 31.4% were from screenable cancer types, including colorectal, female breast, cervical, and smoking-associated lung cancers. Further accounting for the low receipt of lung cancer screening reduced the proportion to 17.4%; accounting for receipt of other screening reduced it to 12.8%. Thus, we estimated that current implementation of recommended screening may not address as much as 87.2% of cancer deaths_-_including 30.4% from individually uncommon cancer types unlikely ever to be covered by dedicated screening.ConclusionsThe large proportion of cancer deaths unaddressed by current screening represents a major opportunity for improved implementation of current approaches, as well as new multi-cancer screening technologies.

Keywords: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program; cancer mortality; cancer screening; multi-cancer early detection; population health; public health practice.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflicting interestsJJO, ETC, CAC, ARK, and EH are current or former employees of GRAIL, Inc., report stock or other support from Illumina, and report other support from GRAIL, Inc., during the conduct of the study. In addition, EH has multiple patents in the field of cancer detection pending to GRAIL, Inc. GAC reports other support from NIH outside of the submitted work. AWK reports a past grant from Myriad Genetics outside of the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Deaths from cancer by primary type in 2018–2019, US National Center for Health Statistics, with eligibility for and receipt of USPSTF guideline-based cancer screening.

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