Historical Events on July 30 (original) (raw)

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• Summary

• Events

• Birthdays

• Deaths

• Weddings

• Film & TV

• Music

• Sport

Battle of Vercellae Ends Cimbri Threat

101 BC Battle of Vercellae: Roman army under Gaius Marius defeats the Cimbri in Cisalpine Gaul, ending the Celto-Germanic threat on Italy's border with over 100,000 Cimbri killed

Battle of Alexandria

30 BC Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to Octavian's invasion of Egypt

• 579 Benedict I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
• 657 St Vitalian begins his reign as Catholic Pope succeeding Eugene I

Baghdad Founded

762 City of Baghdad founded by Abbasid Caliph Al-Mansur, just north of ancient Baghdad

Frederick I Barbarossa

1178 Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa is crowned King of Burgundy

• 1419 First Defenestration of Prague: Anti-Catholic Hussites, followers of executed reformer Jan Hus, storm Prague Town Hall and throw the judge, mayor, and several city council members out the windows. They die in the fall or are killed by the crowd outside
• 1537 Resistant of Bomy: French Dutch cease fire
• 1538 St Augustine's Abbey, one of the most important monasteries in England, is dissolved - its Abbot John Essex and 30 monks leave voluntarily, before it is ransacked [1]
• 1601 Spanish garrison of Rhine birch surrenders to Earl Mauritius
• 1618 Prince Maurits' troops pull into Utrecht
• 1619 House of Burgesses in Virginia forms, first elected American governing body

Newcastle Propositions

1646 English parliament sets King Charles I Newcastle Propositions

• 1650 William II of Orange occupies Amsterdam

Grand Pensionary Johan de Witt

1653 Johan de Witt sworn in as the Grand Pensionary of Holland

• 1655 Dutch troops occupy Fort Assahudi Seram
• 1656 Battle of Warsaw: Swedish King Charles X Gustav beats Polish-Lithuanian King Jan II Casimir and re-occupies Warsaw
• 1678 English troops land in Flanders
• 1715 Spanish gold and silver fleet disappears off St Lucie, Florida
• 1729 City of Baltimore founded
• 1733 Society of Freemasons opens first American lodge in Boston
• 1739 Caspar Wistar begins glass manufacturing in Allowaystown, New Jersey
• 1756 Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly-built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers in Russia

Cook Returns to England

1775 Captain James Cook with HMS Resolution safely returns to England at the end of his second voyage

• 1792 500 Marseillais men sing France's national anthem for the first time
• 1809 British armed force of 39,000 lands in Walcheren

Execution

1811 Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed after being found guilty of treason by the Spanish military in Chihuahua, Mexico

• 1822 James Varick becomes 1st bishop of African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church

Rossini Becomes Theater Manager

1824 Italian composer Gioachino Rossini becomes manager of Theatre Italian in Paris, France

• 1825 Malden Island is discovered in the central Pacific by British warship HMS Blonde
• 1826 Javanese Prince Diponegoro mounts a surprise attack on the Dutch colony, killing 82
• 1836 First English language newspaper published in Hawaii
• 1844 1st US yacht club - NY Yacht Club organized by John Cox Stevens and 8 friends aboard the Gimcrack
• 1847 Yucatán Caste War breaks out as Maya forces attack town of Tepich ordering all non-Maya killed in revenge for killings by Governor Méndez. War ends unofficially 1901.
• 1863 Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, promising to stop harassing emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah

"Eye-for-Eye" Order

1863 President Abraham Lincoln issues "eye-for-eye" order to shoot a rebel prisoner for every black prisoner shot

• 1864 Battle of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania - burned by Union forces under McCausland

Siege of Petersburg

1864 US Civil War, Siege of Petersburg: Union General Ambrose Burnside fails in an attack on Petersburg, Virginia, in the Battle of the Crater

• 1865 Pope Pius IX visits Suriname
• 1866 New Orleans's Democratic government orders police to raid an integrated Republican Party meeting, killing 40 people and injuring 150
• 1869 World’s first oil tanker "The Charles" departs the United States for Europe carrying 7,000 barrels of oil
• 1870 Staten Island ferry "Westfield" burns, killing 100
• 1870 The Republic of Klipdrift is proclaimed by Transvaal President Andries Pretorius after the discovery of diamonds in South Africa in 1866 resulted in a flood of treasure hunters; ownership of the diamond fields was contested by the Boer republics
• 1872 Mahlon Loomis patents wireless telegraphy
• 1874 1st baseball teams to play outside US, Boston-Philadelphia in British Isles
• 1878 German anti-semitism begins during the Reichstag election

Sports History

1884 Nonpareil Jack Dempsey fights George Fulljames in possibly the first middleweight fight with boxing gloves

• 1900 British Parliament passes several progressive social acts: a Mines Act, a Workmen's Compensation Act and a Railway Act
• 1902 Anti-Jewish rioters attack the funeral procession of Rabbi Jacob Joseph in NYC
• 1905 Dutch Covenant of Worker's union, NVV, forms
• 1907 Russia and Japan sign an agreement guaranteeing freedom of China while recognizing each other's special interests
• 1907 Starting today, the French bombard Casablanca and land troops to occupy the Atlantic-coast region of Morocco after attacks on foreigners
• 1907 The Filipinos elect their first legislature; it will meet on 16 October
• 1908 Around the World Automobile Race ends in Paris
• 1909 French chemist Eugène Schueller founds L'Oréal with his new range of hair dyes
• 1909 John Heyder becomes president of baseball's National League
• 1913 Conclusion of the Second Balkan War

General Mobilization

1914 After initial reluctance, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia is persuaded to decree a general mobilization in response to Austria-Hungary's mobilization a few days earlier; 'Think of the thousands and thousands of men who will be sent to their deaths!' he claims

• 1914 French troops withdraw 10 km from German border

John French Takes Command

1914 John French appointed Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force

• 1916 German saboteurs blow up a munitions plant on Black Tom Island, New Jersey

• 1917 Board of Commissioners of Cleveland Metroparks hold their first meeting

• 1921 The Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA) forms; the party changed its name to the South African Communist Party (SACP) in 1953, after it had been forced underground

• 1923 New Zealand claims Ross Dependency in Antarctica

• 1926 Albanian boundaries deduced

• 1930 1st FIFA World Cup Final, Estadio Centenario, Montevideo, Uruguay: Uruguay beats Argentina 4-2 in the inaugural event

• 1930 First broadcast of "Death Valley Days" on NBC Radio

• 1932 X Summer Olympic Games open in Los Angeles, California

• 1937 Phillies Dolph Camilli, plays 1st base and registers no put outs

• 1937 Soviet Politburo issues NKVD Order No. 00447 during the Great Purge to repress property-owning kulaks and anti-Soviets; 269,100 are arrested, with 76,000 executed

• 1941 German occupiers forbid the political parties SDAP, VDB, ARP, RKSP, CHU, and SGP in the Netherlands

Women's Navy Auxiliary Agency

1942 FDR signs bill creating the United States Naval Reserve (Women's Reserve), better known as WAVES

• 1942 German occupiers set night curfew on Jews in Netherlands
• 1942 German SS kills 25,000 Jews in Minsk, Belorussia
• 1943 US 45th Infantry Division occupies San Stefano di Camastra in Sicily
• 1944 WWII: US 30th division reaches the suburbs of Saint-Lô, Normandy with heavy battles also occurring at Tessy-sur-Vire and Villebaudon

Sinking of the USS Indianapolis

1945 After delivering the atomic bomb across the Pacific, cruiser USS Indianapolis is torpedoed and sunk by Japanese submarine I-58. 880 of the crew die, many after being attacked by sharks, inspiring the movie Jaws

• 1946 1st rocket attains 100 mi (167 km) altitude, White Sands, New Mexico
• 1947 Cincinnati Reds' pitcher Ewell Blackwell record-breaking 16 game winning streak ends, losing to NY Giants 5-4

Zátopek Sets 10,000 Record

1948 Czech distance running legend Emil Zátopek wins the 10,000m at the London Olympics in 29:59.6, an Olympic record

• 1948 Professional wrestling premieres on US prime-time TV (DuMont Network)
• 1949 British warship HMS Amethyst escapes down Yangtze River, having been refused a safe passage by Chinese Communists after 3-month standoff

Ty Cobb Testifies

1951 Ty Cobb testifies before the Emanuel Celler committee, denying that the reserve clause makes peons of baseball players

• 1952 Ford Frick sets waiver rule to bar inter-league deals until all clubs in same league get right to bid
• 1954 5th British Empire Games and Commonwealth Games open in Vancouver, Canada
• 1954 Bob Kennedy hits the 1st grand slam for the new Baltimore Orioles

Presley Joins Memphis Federation

1954 Elvis Presley joins the Memphis Federation of Musicians Local 71

• 1956 US motto "In God We Trust" authorized

Willie McCovey Debuts

1959 In his MLB debut, SF Giants future Baseball Hall of Fame first baseman Willie McCovey goes 4-for-4 in a 7-2 win over Philadelphia Phillies at Seal Stadium

• 1960 1st AFL preseason game: Boston Patriots defeat Bills in Buffalo 28-7

Streisand Opens for Liberace

1963 American singer Barbra Streisand opens for pianist Liberace at the International Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada

• 1964 South Vietnamese commandos attack North Vietnamese radar and military installations on Hòn Mê and Hòn Ngư islands in the Gulf of Tonkin

From the Steeples & the Mountains

1965 Charles Ives' "From the Steeples & the Mountains" premieres at the Lincoln Center with the New York Philharmonic, more than sixty years after its composition

The Golden Broom & the Green Apple

1965 Duke Ellington's orchestral piece "The Golden Broom and the Green Apple" premieres with the New York Philharmonic, led by Lukas Foss at the Lincoln Center in NYC

• 1965 MLB Milwaukee Brewers manager Bobby Bragan says his pitchers threw 75 to 80 spitballs in a 9-2 loss to the San Francisco Giants

Medicare Bill

1965 US President Lyndon Johnson signs Medicare bill, which goes into effect in 1966

• 1966 Beatles' "Yesterday... & Today" album goes #1 and stays #1 for 5 weeks

• 1966 FIFA World Cup Final, Wembley Stadium, London, England: Striker Geoff Hurst scores a hat trick as England beats West Germany, 4-2 after extra time

• 1966 US airplanes bomb the demilitarized zone between North and South Vietnam

• 1967 Race riot in Milwaukee (4 killed)

• 1968 Washington shortstop Ron Hansen makes 8th unassisted triple-play in MLB history and first in 41 years as Senators lose, 10-1 to Cleveland Indians

• 1969 Astros Denis Menke and Jim Wynn hit grandslams in 9th inn vs Mets

• 1969 KAEC TV channel 19 in Lufkin, Texas (ABC) begins broadcasting

• 1970 -Aug 5] Hurricane Celia, kills 31 in Cuba, Florida and Texas

• 1970 30,000 arrive to attend Powder Ridge Rock Festival, Middlefield, Connecticut, despite it having been cancelled due to local residents opposition

• 1970 Riots hit Belfast, North Ireland

• 1971 38th NFL Chicago All Star Game: Baltimore 24, All Stars 17 (52,289)

• 1971 All Nippon Airways Flight 58 collides with a Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-86F near Shizukuishi, Japan, killing all 162 aboard the Boing 727

• 1971 US Apollo 15 (Scott & Irwin) lands on Mare Imbrium on the Moon

• 1973 Texas Rangers Jim Bibby no-hits 1st-place Oakland, 6-0

• 1974 House Judiciary Committee votes on 3rd & last charge of "high crimes & misdemeanors" to impeach President Nixon in the Watergate cover-up

• 1975 Murtala Mohammed overthrows General Gowon to become Nigerian Head of State

• 1975 Simon Gray's "Otherwise Engaged" premieres in London

• 1975 US Teamsters President Jimmy Hoffa disappears in suburban Detroit; Hoffa legally declared dead in 1982

• 1976 4 Protestant civilians were shot dead at a pub off Milltown Road, Belfast; the attack was claimed by the Republican Action Force

Jenner Wins Decathlon

1976 Future TV personality ('Keeping Up with the Kardashians') and transgender figure, Bruce Jenner (now Caitlin Jenner) sets WR 8,618 points to win decathlon gold at Montreal Olympics

• 1976 Giulio Andreotti sworn in as premier of Italy for the 2nd time
• 1976 Japanese beat Russian for Olympic gold in woman's volleyball

I Just Want to Be Your Everything

1977 "I Just Want to Be Your Everything" by Andy Gibb reaches number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100

• 1978 Expos crush Braves, 19-0, collecting 28 hits & NL-record-tying 8 HRs

• 1980 American swimmers Mary T Meagher (2.06.37) and Craig Beardsley (1.58.21) both set 200m butterfly world records at the US National Swimming Championships at Irvine, California

• 1980 Houston Astros pitcher J. R. Richard suffers a stroke and collapses while playing a game of catch before an Astros game, ending his career

• 1980 Vanuatu (New Hebrides) gains independence from Britain & France

• 1981 Belgian Senate accept laws against racism

• 1981 Simon Gray's play "Quartermaine's Terms" premieres in London

• 1981 UN Nations Human Rights Commission rules Canada violated International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in case of Wolastoqiyik woman Sandra Lovelace who lost her status through marriage [1]

• 1982 Atlanta Braves remove Chief Noc-A-Homa to make room for more seats

• 1982 USSR performs underground nuclear Test

• 1983 Official speed record for a piston-driven aircraft, 832 kph, California

• 1983 Weight lifter Sergei Didyk of USSR jerks a record 261 kg

• 1984 Alvenus tanker at Cameron Louisiana, spills 2.8 million gallons of oil

• 1984 Hollie Roffey aged 10 days is the youngest person to ever receive a heart transplant, will survive 28 days

• 1984 Soap Opera "Santa Barbara" premieres on NBC TV

• 1985 Discovery moves to Vehicle Assembly Building at Kennedy Space Center (Florida) for mating of STS 51-I mission

• 1985 Valerie Lowrance, of Texas, 18, crowned America's Junior Miss

• 1987 An ANC car bomb directed at the headquarters of the Wits Command in Johannesburg South Africa kills 1 person and injures 68

• 1988 ArenaBowl II, Allstate Arena, Rosemount, Illinois: Detroit Drive beats Chicago Bruisers 24-13, Steve Griffin MVP

• 1988 Cincinnati Reds pitcher John Franco sets a record of 13 saves in 1 month

• 1988 Harry Drake shoots arrow record 1873m

• 1988 Jordanian King Hussein renounces sovereignty over West Bank to the PLO, hours after dissolving Jordan's House of Representatives [1]

• 1988 MLB Pitcher John Franco saves a record 13th game during the month of July

• 1988 Ronald J Dossenbach begins world record ride, pedaling across Canada from Vancouver to Halifax (13 days, 15 hr, 4 min)

• 1989 Chile amends its constitution

• 1990 Five Bank of Credit & Commerce members found guilty of money laundering

• 1990 Soldiers opens fire on worshippers in Monrovian church, 200-600 die

• 1990 The first Saturn automobile rolls off the assembly line.

Enter Sandman

1991 Heavy metal band Metallica release their single "Enter Sandman"

• 1991 MTV announces it will split into 3 channels in 1993

• 1991 Red Sox Carlos Quintana is 11th to get 6 RBIs in an inning (3rd)

• 1992 Lin Li swims female world record/OR 200m medley (2:11.65)

• 1992 Yael Arad becomes Israel's first ever Olympic medalist when she wins silver in the women's 61kg judo in Barcelona; 20th anniversary of Munich massacre and 500th anniversary of Alhambra Decree

• 1994 Record 103.8°F (39.9°C) in Preschen Lausitz Germany

• 1995 Dominic Cork takes hat-trick in England Test Cricket win v West Indies at Old Trafford

• 1996 Tommy Lasoda retires as LA Dodger manager

• 1997 Eighteen lives are lost in the Thredbo Landslide in New South Wales, Australia

• 1997 Terrorist double suicide bombing in Jerusalem, kills 14

The Rising

2002 Columbia Records releases Bruce Springsteen's 12th studio album "The Rising", his first new record with the E Street Band since 1985 tops the charts in 7 countries

The Sarbanes Oxley Act

2002 US President George W. Bush signs the "Sarbanes Oxley Act" into law; legislation designed to prevent future accounting scandals such as Enron's bankruptcy

Music Concert

2003 Toronto Rocks - SARSStock benefit with performers including The Rolling Stones, AC/DC, Rush, The Guess Who, Justin Timberlake, The Flaming Lips, and The Isley Brothers, at Downsview Park; largest concert in Canadian history attracts 450,000 spectators

Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle

2004 "Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle", starring Kal Penn and John Cho, is released

• 2006 Bruce Sutter, relief pitcher for Cubs, Cardinals, and Braves, inducted into MLB Hall of Fame, in Cooperstown, New York
• 2006 World's longest running music show "Top of the Pops" is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show aired for 42 years.
• 2009 A bomb explodes in Palma Nova, Mallorca, killing 2 police officers. Basque separatist group ETA is believed to be responsible.
• 2012 General Motors (Chevrolet) sign a record breaking 7 year $559 million sponsorship deal with EPL club Manchester United
• 2012 Indian power grid failure leaves over 300 million without electricity
• 2012 Train fire kills 32 and injures 27 people in Andhra Pradesh, India
• 2013 134 people are killed in tribal conflicts in Darfyr, Sudan
• 2013 28 people are killed in a series of bombings in Kano, Nigeria
• 2013 9 children are killed and 20 are injured after a school bus collides with a truck in Hanumangarh, India
• 2013 Mamnoon Hussain is elected President of Pakistan
• 2013 Wikileaks discloser Bradley [later Chelsea] Manning convicted of 17 espionage charges
• 2014 Death toll in Gaza reaches 1,346, while 56 Israeli soldiers and 3 civilians have been killed
• 2014 The EU and US extend sanctions on Russia to include banks, energy, and defense firms; Moscow denies the allegation that Russia is arming rebels in Eastern Ukraine
• 2015 In Bandar Mahshahr, Iran, the temperature reaches 46C (109F), humidity makes it feel like 73C
• 2016 Air balloon crashes into power lines near Lockhart, Texas, killing all 16 on board
• 2017 15 people killed in gunfights with Philippine police, including Reynaldo Parojinog, mayor of Ozamiz in an anti-drug trafficking operation

People's Liberation Army Marks Ninety Years

2017 China's President Xi Jinping heads 12,000 troop parade at Zhurihe training base, Inner Mongolia marking 90 years since founding of the People's Liberation Army

• 2017 Hackers reveal they have stolen data from HBO, including episodes and scripts of Games of Thrones
• 2017 Largest gathering of people with the same first name - 2,325 called Ivan, in Kupres, Bosnia and Herzegovina [1]

Putin Reacts to American Sanctions

2017 Russian President Vladimir Putin announces American diplomats in Russia cut by 755 in response to American sanctions

• 2017 Venezuelan voting for a new assembly disrupted by violent protests, at least 3 people killed
• 2018 Australian Catholic Archbishop Philip Wilson resigns after being convicted of concealing sexual abuse
• 2018 British Foreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt mistakenly calls his Chinese-born wife "Japanese" in meeting with his Chinese counterpart in Beijing
• 2018 Four million people excluded from Assam National Register of Citizens in India prompts fears of deportation, loss of citizenship

MH370 Investigation

2018 Official Malaysian investigation into the disappearance of Flight MH370 is unable to determine what happened

• 2020 Federal law enforcement officers begin a phased withdrawal from Portland amid criticism of their actions to shut down Black Lives Matter protests

• 2020 NASA launches to Mars its Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter aboard a V 541 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida

• 2020 The US economy posts the largest quarterly fall on record with GDP down 9.5% for the 3 months to June 30

• 2021 1 out of 169 Americans employed by Amazon in new figures released by the company. Now US's second largest employer (Walmart the largest employing 1 in 100) [1]

Zelenskyy Calls for Evacuations

2022 Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy calls for mandatory evacuation of civilians from eastern Donetsk region amid fierce fighting [1]

• 2023 Evian Championship Women's Golf, Evian Resort GC: Céline Boutier of France wins her first major title by 6 strokes from Canada's defending champion Brooke Henderson
• 2023 Suspected suicide bomber kills 45 people and injures 135 at a rally for religious political party Jamiat Ulema Islam in Khar, northwestern Pakistan [1]
• 2023 Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskyy warns war is coming back to Russia after a drones attack on Moscow [1]

Haniyeh Assassinated

2024 Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh is assassinated in Iran's capital Tehran

• 2024 Hezbollah senior commander Fuad Shukr killed in an Israeli air strike in Beirut with 3 others that injured 74, retaliation for a missile strike on the Golan Heights [1]
• 2024 Landslides in the Wayanad region of the Indian state of Kerala kill at least 172 with over 227 people missing [1]
• 2024 Mob of up to 300 riot in Southport, England, injuring 50 police officers, whipped up by misinformation on social media, in the wake of a knife attack at a children's dance event [1]
• 2024 Paul Dans resigns as head of Project 2025, a conservative group blueprint for a Republican presidency, launched by the Heritage Foundation, amid criticism of its policies as authoritarian [1] [2]