HIV-1 adaptation to NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. | Read by QxMD (original) (raw)

Journal Article

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Galit Alter, David Heckerman, Arne Schneidewind, Lena Fadda, Carl M Kadie, Jonathan M Carlson, Cesar Oniangue-Ndza, Maureen Martin, Bin Li, Salim I Khakoo, Mary Carrington, Todd M Allen, Marcus Altfeld

Natural killer (NK) cells have an important role in the control of viral infections, recognizing virally infected cells through a variety of activating and inhibitory receptors. Epidemiological and functional studies have recently suggested that NK cells can also contribute to the control of HIV-1 infection through recognition of virally infected cells by both activating and inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). However, it remains unknown whether NK cells can directly mediate antiviral immune pressure in vivo in humans. Here we describe KIR-associated amino-acid polymorphisms in the HIV-1 sequence of chronically infected individuals, on a population level. We show that these KIR-associated HIV-1 sequence polymorphisms can enhance the binding of inhibitory KIRs to HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T cells, and reduce the antiviral activity of KIR-positive NK cells. These data demonstrate that KIR-positive NK cells can place immunological pressure on HIV-1, and that the virus can evade such NK-cell-mediated immune pressure by selecting for sequence polymorphisms, as was previously described for virus-specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies. NK cells might therefore have a previously underappreciated role in contributing to viral evolution.

We have located links that may give you full text access.

Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-

2024

by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

By using this service, you agree to our

terms of use

and

privacy policy.

Your Privacy Choices Toggle icon

Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university

For the best experience, use the Read mobile app