RCSB PDB - 4YYT: Human Carbonic Anhydrase II complexed with an inhibitor with a benzenesulfonamide group (5). (original) (raw)
Kinetic and Structural Insights into the Mechanism of Binding of Sulfonamides to Human Carbonic Anhydrase by Computational and Experimental Studies.
[Gaspari, R.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Gaspari, R.), [Rechlin, C.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Rechlin, C.), [Heine, A.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Heine, A.), [Bottegoni, G.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Bottegoni, G.), [Rocchia, W.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Rocchia, W.), [Schwarz, D.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Schwarz, D.), [Bomke, J.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Bomke, J.), [Gerber, H.D.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Gerber, H.D.), [Klebe, G.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Klebe, G.), [Cavalli, A.](/search?q=citation.rcsb%5Fauthors:Cavalli, A.)
(2016) J Med Chem 59: 4245-4256
PubMed: 26700575 Search on PubMed
PubMed Abstract:
The binding of sulfonamides to human carbonic anhydrase II (hCAII) is a complex and long-debated example of protein-ligand recognition and interaction. In this study, we investigate the para-substituted n-alkyl and hydroxyethylene-benzenesulfonamides, providing a complete reconstruction of their binding pathway to hCAII by means of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, density functional calculations, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements, and X-ray crystallography experiments. Our analysis shows that the protein-ligand association rate (kon) dramatically increases with the ligand's hydrophobicity, pointing to the existence of a prebinding stage largely stabilized by a favorable packing of the ligand's apolar moieties with the hCAII "hydrophobic wall". The characterization of the binding pathway allows an unprecedented understanding of the structure-kinetic relationship in hCAII/benzenesulfonamide complexes, depicting a paradigmatic scenario for the multistep binding process in protein-ligand systems.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova, Italy.