HTML5: Edition for Web Authors (original) (raw)

jump

W3C

W3C Working Group Note 28 May 2013

This Version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/NOTE-html5-author-20130528/

Latest Published Version:

http://www.w3.org/TR/html5-author/

Latest Editor's Draft:

http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-author-view/

Previous Versions:

http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-html5-author-20121025/

http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-html5-author-20120329/

http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-html5-author-20110809/

Editors:

Robin Berjon, W3C

Travis Leithead, Microsoft

Silvia Pfeiffer

Erika Doyle Navara, Microsoft

Theresa O'Connor, Apple Inc.

Previous Editor:

Ian Hickson, Google, Inc.

Copyright © 2013 W3C® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio, Beihang), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.

Abstract

This document has been discontinued and is only made available for historical purposes. The HTML specification includes a style switcher that will hide implementer-oriented content.

This document is a strict subset of thefull HTML5 specification that omits user-agent (UA) implementation details. It is targeted toward Web authors and others who are not UA implementors and who want a view of the HTML specification that focuses more precisely on details relevant to using the HTML language to create Web documents and Web applications. Because this document does not provide implementation conformance criteria, UA implementors should not rely on it, but should instead refer to thefull HTML5 specification.

This document is an automated redaction of thefull HTML5 specification. As such, the two documents are supposed to agree on normative matters concerning Web authors. However, if the documents disagree, this is a bug in the redaction process and the unredacted full HTML specification takes precedence. Readers are encouraged to report such discrepancies as bugs in the bug tracking system of the HTML Working Group.

Status of This document

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.

If you wish to make comments regarding this document in a manner that is tracked by the W3C, please submit them via using our public bug database. If you cannot do this then you can also e-mail feedback to public-html-comments@w3.org(subscribe,archives), and arrangements will be made to transpose the comments to our public bug database. All feedback is welcome.

The bulk of the text of this specification is also available in the WHATWG Web Applications 1.0 specification, under a license that permits reuse of the specification text.

The working groups maintains a list of all bug reports that the editors have not yet tried to address and a list of issues for which the chairs have not yet declared a decision. These bugs and issues apply to multiple HTML-related specifications, not just this one.

Implementors should be aware that this specification is not stable. Implementors who are not taking part in the discussions are likely to find the specification changing out from under them in incompatible ways. Vendors interested in implementing this specification before it eventually reaches the Candidate Recommendation stage should join the aforementioned mailing lists and take part in the discussions.

Publication as a Working Group Note does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.

The latest stable version of the editor's draft of this specification is always available on the W3C CVS server. There are various ways to follow the change history for this specification:

Browsable version-control record of all changes:

Github repository (real-time updates): https://github.com/w3c/html/commits/master

CVSWeb interface (hourly updates): http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/html5/spec/

E-mail notifications of changes:

HTML-Commits mailing list (commit notifications for dev.w3.org/html5): http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html-commits/latest

The W3C HTML Working Group is the W3C working group responsible for this specification's progress along the W3C Recommendation track.

Work on this specification is also done at the WHATWG. The W3C HTML working group actively pursues convergence with the WHATWG, as required by theW3C HTML working group charter. There are various ways to follow this work at the WHATWG:

This document was produced by a group operating under the5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.

Table of Contents

  1. 1Introduction
    1. 1.1Background
    2. 1.2Audience
    3. 1.3 Scope
    4. 1.4History
    5. 1.5 Design notes
      1. 1.5.1 Serializability of script execution
      2. 1.5.2 Compliance with other specifications
    6. 1.6 HTML vs XHTML
    7. 1.7 Structure of this specification
      1. 1.7.1 How to read this specification
      2. 1.7.2 Typographic conventions
    8. 1.8 Privacy concerns
    9. 1.9 A quick introduction to HTML
      1. 1.9.1 Writing secure applications with HTML
      2. 1.9.2 Common pitfalls to avoid when using the scripting APIs
    10. 1.10 Conformance requirements for authors
      1. 1.10.1 Presentational markup
      2. 1.10.2Syntax errors
      3. 1.10.3 Restrictions on content models and on attribute values
    11. 1.11Recommended reading
  2. 2 Common infrastructure
    1. 2.1Terminology
      1. 2.1.1Resources
      2. 2.1.2 XML
      3. 2.1.3 DOM trees
      4. 2.1.4Scripting
      5. 2.1.5Plugins
      6. 2.1.6Character encodings
    2. 2.2 Conformance requirements
      1. 2.2.1Extensibility
    3. 2.3 Case-sensitivity and string comparison
    4. 2.4Common microsyntaxes
      1. 2.4.1Boolean attributes
      2. 2.4.2 Keywords and enumerated attributes
      3. 2.4.3 Numbers
        1. 2.4.3.1Signed integers
        2. 2.4.3.2 Non-negative integers
        3. 2.4.3.3 Floating-point numbers
        4. 2.4.3.4Lists of integers
      4. 2.4.4Dates and times
        1. 2.4.4.1Months
        2. 2.4.4.2Dates
        3. 2.4.4.3Yearless dates
        4. 2.4.4.4Times
        5. 2.4.4.5 Local dates and times
        6. 2.4.4.6 Time zones
        7. 2.4.4.7 Global dates and times
        8. 2.4.4.8Weeks
        9. 2.4.4.9Durations
        10. 2.4.4.10 Vaguer moments in time
      5. 2.4.5Colors
      6. 2.4.6 Space-separated tokens
      7. 2.4.7 Comma-separated tokens
      8. 2.4.8References
      9. 2.4.9 Media queries
    5. 2.5 URLs
      1. 2.5.1Terminology
      2. 2.5.2 Base URLs
      3. 2.5.3Resolving URLs
      4. 2.5.4 Interfaces for URL manipulation
      5. 2.5.5 CORS settings attributes
    6. 2.6Common DOM interfaces
      1. 2.6.1 Reflecting content attributes in IDL attributes
      2. 2.6.2Collections
        1. 2.6.2.1HTMLAllCollection
        2. 2.6.2.2 HTMLFormControlsCollection
        3. 2.6.2.3 HTMLOptionsCollection
      3. 2.6.3DOMStringMap
      4. 2.6.4 Transferable objects
      5. 2.6.5DOM feature strings
    7. 2.7Namespaces
  3. 3 Semantics, structure, and APIs of HTML documents
    1. 3.1Documents
      1. 3.1.1The Document object
      2. 3.1.2Security
      3. 3.1.3 Resource metadata management
      4. 3.1.4 DOM tree accessors
    2. 3.2 Elements
      1. 3.2.1Semantics
      2. 3.2.2Elements in the DOM
      3. 3.2.3 Global attributes
        1. 3.2.3.1 Theid attribute
        2. 3.2.3.2 The titleattribute
        3. 3.2.3.3 The lang andxml:lang attributes
        4. 3.2.3.4 The translate attribute
        5. 3.2.3.5 The xml:base attribute (XML only)
        6. 3.2.3.6 Thedir attribute
        7. 3.2.3.7The class attribute
        8. 3.2.3.8The style attribute
        9. 3.2.3.9 Embedding custom non-visible data with the data-*attributes
      4. 3.2.4Element definitions
        1. 3.2.4.1Attributes
      5. 3.2.5 Content models
        1. 3.2.5.1Kinds of content
        1. 3.2.5.1.1 Metadata content
        2. 3.2.5.1.2Flow content
        3. 3.2.5.1.3 Sectioning content
        4. 3.2.5.1.4Heading content
        5. 3.2.5.1.5 Phrasing content
        6. 3.2.5.1.6 Embedded content
        7. 3.2.5.1.7 Interactive content
        8. 3.2.5.1.8 Palpable content
        2. 3.2.5.2 Transparent content models
        3. 3.2.5.3Paragraphs
      6. 3.2.6 Requirements relating to bidirectional-algorithm formatting characters
      7. 3.2.7 WAI-ARIA
        1. 3.2.7.1 ARIA Role Attribute
        2. 3.2.7.2 State and Property Attributes
        3. 3.2.7.3 Strong Native Semantics
        4. 3.2.7.4 Implicit ARIA Semantics
    3. 3.3Dynamic markup insertion
      1. 3.3.1 Opening the input stream
      2. 3.3.2 Closing the input stream
      3. 3.3.3 document.write()
      4. 3.3.4 document.writeln()
  4. 4 The elements of HTML
    1. 4.1 The root element
      1. 4.1.1 Thehtml element
    2. 4.2Document metadata
      1. 4.2.1 Thehead element
      2. 4.2.2 Thetitle element
      3. 4.2.3 Thebase element
      4. 4.2.4 Thelink element
      5. 4.2.5The meta element
        1. 4.2.5.1 Standard metadata names
        2. 4.2.5.2 Other metadata names
        3. 4.2.5.3Pragma directives
        4. 4.2.5.4 Other pragma directives
        5. 4.2.5.5Specifying the document's character encoding
      6. 4.2.6 Thestyle element
      7. 4.2.7 Styling
    3. 4.3Scripting
      1. 4.3.1The script element
        1. 4.3.1.1 Scripting languages
        2. 4.3.1.2 Restrictions for contents ofscript elements
        3. 4.3.1.3 Inline documentation for external scripts
      2. 4.3.2 Thenoscript element
    4. 4.4 Sections
      1. 4.4.1 Thebody element
      2. 4.4.2 Thesection element
      3. 4.4.3 Thenav element
      4. 4.4.4 Thearticle element
      5. 4.4.5 Theaside element
      6. 4.4.6 The h1, h2,h3, h4, h5, andh6 elements
      7. 4.4.7 Thehgroup element
      8. 4.4.8 Theheader element
      9. 4.4.9 Thefooter element
      10. 4.4.10 Theaddress element
      11. 4.4.11Headings and sections
        1. 4.4.11.1Creating an outline
    5. 4.5Grouping content
      1. 4.5.1 The p element
      2. 4.5.2 Thehr element
      3. 4.5.3 Thepre element
      4. 4.5.4 Theblockquote element
      5. 4.5.5 Theol element
      6. 4.5.6 Theul element
      7. 4.5.7 Theli element
      8. 4.5.8 Thedl element
      9. 4.5.9 Thedt element
      10. 4.5.10 Thedd element
      11. 4.5.11 Thefigure element
      12. 4.5.12The figcaption element
      13. 4.5.13 Thediv element
    6. 4.6Text-level semantics
      1. 4.6.1 The a element
      2. 4.6.2 Theem element
      3. 4.6.3 Thestrong element
      4. 4.6.4 Thesmall element
      5. 4.6.5 The s element
      6. 4.6.6 Thecite element
      7. 4.6.7 The q element
      8. 4.6.8 Thedfn element
      9. 4.6.9 Theabbr element
      10. 4.6.10 Thetime element
      11. 4.6.11 Thecode element
      12. 4.6.12 Thevar element
      13. 4.6.13 Thesamp element
      14. 4.6.14 Thekbd element
      15. 4.6.15 The sub and supelements
      16. 4.6.16 The i element
      17. 4.6.17 The b element
      18. 4.6.18 The u element
      19. 4.6.19 Themark element
      20. 4.6.20 Theruby element
      21. 4.6.21 Thert element
      22. 4.6.22 Therp element
      23. 4.6.23 Thebdi element
      24. 4.6.24 Thebdo element
      25. 4.6.25 Thespan element
      26. 4.6.26 Thebr element
      27. 4.6.27 Thewbr element
      28. 4.6.28Usage summary
    7. 4.7 Edits
      1. 4.7.1 Theins element
      2. 4.7.2 Thedel element
      3. 4.7.3 Attributes common to ins anddel elements
      4. 4.7.4 Edits and paragraphs
      5. 4.7.5Edits and lists
      6. 4.7.6Edits and tables
    8. 4.8Embedded content
      1. 4.8.1 Theimg element
        1. 4.8.1.1 Requirements for providing text to act as an alternative for images
        1. 4.8.1.1.1 General guidelines
        2. 4.8.1.1.2 A link or button containing nothing but the image
        3. 4.8.1.1.3 A phrase or paragraph with an alternative graphical representation: charts, diagrams, graphs, maps, illustrations
        4. 4.8.1.1.4 A short phrase or label with an alternative graphical representation: icons, logos
        5. 4.8.1.1.5 Text that has been rendered to a graphic for typographical effect
        6. 4.8.1.1.6 A graphical representation of some of the surrounding text
        7. 4.8.1.1.7 A purely decorative image that doesn't add any information
        8. 4.8.1.1.8 A group of images that form a single larger picture with no links
        9. 4.8.1.1.9 A group of images that form a single larger picture with links
        10. 4.8.1.1.10 A key part of the content
        11. 4.8.1.1.11 An image not intended for the user
      2. 4.8.2 Theiframe element
      3. 4.8.3 Theembed element
      4. 4.8.4 Theobject element
      5. 4.8.5 Theparam element
      6. 4.8.6The video element
      7. 4.8.7The audio element
      8. 4.8.8 Thesource element
      9. 4.8.9 Thetrack element
      10. 4.8.10Media elements
        1. 4.8.10.1Error codes
        2. 4.8.10.2 Location of the media resource
        3. 4.8.10.3 MIME types
        4. 4.8.10.4Network states
        5. 4.8.10.5 Loading the media resource
        6. 4.8.10.6 Offsets into the media resource
        7. 4.8.10.7Ready states
        8. 4.8.10.8 Playing the media resource
        9. 4.8.10.9Seeking
        10. 4.8.10.10 Media resources with multiple media tracks
        1. 4.8.10.10.1 AudioTrackList andVideoTrackList objects
        2. 4.8.10.10.2 Selecting specific audio and video tracks declaratively
        11. 4.8.10.11 Synchronising multiple media elements
        1. 4.8.10.11.1 Introduction
        2. 4.8.10.11.2 Media controllers
        3. 4.8.10.11.3 Assigning a media controller declaratively
        12. 4.8.10.12 Timed text tracks
        1. 4.8.10.12.1 Text track model
        2. 4.8.10.12.2 Sourcing in-band text tracks
        3. 4.8.10.12.3 Text track API
        4. 4.8.10.12.4 Text tracks describing chapters
        13. 4.8.10.13User interface
        14. 4.8.10.14Time ranges
        15. 4.8.10.15 Event definitions
        16. 4.8.10.16Event summary
        17. 4.8.10.17 Best practices for authors using media elements
      11. 4.8.11The canvas element
      12. 4.8.12 Themap element
      13. 4.8.13 Thearea element
      14. 4.8.14 Image maps
      15. 4.8.15MathML
      16. 4.8.16 SVG
      17. 4.8.17Dimension attributes
    9. 4.9 Tabular data
      1. 4.9.1 Thetable element
        1. 4.9.1.1 Techniques for describing tables
        2. 4.9.1.2 Techniques for table layout
      2. 4.9.2 Thecaption element
      3. 4.9.3 Thecolgroup element
      4. 4.9.4 Thecol element
      5. 4.9.5 Thetbody element
      6. 4.9.6 Thethead element
      7. 4.9.7 Thetfoot element
      8. 4.9.8 Thetr element
      9. 4.9.9 Thetd element
      10. 4.9.10 Theth element
      11. 4.9.11 Attributes common to td andth elements
      12. 4.9.12Examples
    10. 4.10 Forms
      1. 4.10.1Introduction
        1. 4.10.1.1 Writing a form's user interface
        2. 4.10.1.2 Implementing the server-side processing for a form
        3. 4.10.1.3 Configuring a form to communicate with a server
        4. 4.10.1.4 Client-side form validation
        5. 4.10.1.5 Date, time, and number formats
      2. 4.10.2Categories
      3. 4.10.3 Theform element
      4. 4.10.4 Thefieldset element
      5. 4.10.5 Thelegend element
      6. 4.10.6 Thelabel element
      7. 4.10.7 Theinput element
        1. 4.10.7.1 States of the type attribute
        1. 4.10.7.1.1 Hidden state (type=hidden)
        2. 4.10.7.1.2 Text (type=text) state and Search state (type=search)
        3. 4.10.7.1.3 Telephone state (type=tel)
        4. 4.10.7.1.4 URL state (type=url)
        5. 4.10.7.1.5 E-mail state (type=email)
        6. 4.10.7.1.6 Password state (type=password)
        7. 4.10.7.1.7 Date and Time state (type=datetime)
        8. 4.10.7.1.8 Date state (type=date)
        9. 4.10.7.1.9 Month state (type=month)
        10. 4.10.7.1.10 Week state (type=week)
        11. 4.10.7.1.11 Time state (type=time)
        12. 4.10.7.1.12 Local Date and Time state (type=datetime-local)
        13. 4.10.7.1.13 Number state (type=number)
        14. 4.10.7.1.14 Range state (type=range)
        15. 4.10.7.1.15 Color state (type=color)
        16. 4.10.7.1.16 Checkbox state (type=checkbox)
        17. 4.10.7.1.17 Radio Button state (type=radio)
        18. 4.10.7.1.18 File Upload state (type=file)
        19. 4.10.7.1.19 Submit Button state (type=submit)
        20. 4.10.7.1.20 Image Button state (type=image)
        21. 4.10.7.1.21 Reset Button state (type=reset)
        22. 4.10.7.1.22 Button state (type=button)
        2. 4.10.7.2 Common input element attributes
        1. 4.10.7.2.1 The autocomplete attribute
        2. 4.10.7.2.2 The dirname attribute
        3. 4.10.7.2.3 The list attribute
        4. 4.10.7.2.4 The readonly attribute
        5. 4.10.7.2.5 The size attribute
        6. 4.10.7.2.6 The required attribute
        7. 4.10.7.2.7 The multiple attribute
        8. 4.10.7.2.8 The maxlength attribute
        9. 4.10.7.2.9 The pattern attribute
        10. 4.10.7.2.10 The min and max attributes
        11. 4.10.7.2.11 The step attribute
        12. 4.10.7.2.12 The placeholder attribute
        3. 4.10.7.3 Common input element APIs
      8. 4.10.8 Thebutton element
      9. 4.10.9 Theselect element
      10. 4.10.10The datalist element
      11. 4.10.11The optgroup element
      12. 4.10.12 Theoption element
      13. 4.10.13The textarea element
      14. 4.10.14 Thekeygen element
      15. 4.10.15 Theoutput element
      16. 4.10.16The progress element
      17. 4.10.17 Themeter element
      18. 4.10.18 Association of controls and forms
      19. 4.10.19 Attributes common to form controls
        1. 4.10.19.1 Naming form controls
        2. 4.10.19.2 Enabling and disabling form controls
        3. 4.10.19.3 Autofocusing a form control
        4. 4.10.19.4 Limiting user input length
        5. 4.10.19.5Form submission
        6. 4.10.19.6 Submitting element directionality
      20. 4.10.20 APIs for the text field selections
      21. 4.10.21Constraints
        1. 4.10.21.1Definitions
        2. 4.10.21.2 The constraint validation API
        3. 4.10.21.3Security
      22. 4.10.22 Form submission
        1. 4.10.22.1 URL-encoded form data
        2. 4.10.22.2 Plain text form data
    11. 4.11Interactive elements
      1. 4.11.1 Thedetails element
      2. 4.11.2 Thesummary element
      3. 4.11.3 The command element
      4. 4.11.4The menu element
        1. 4.11.4.1Introduction
        2. 4.11.4.2Context menus
      5. 4.11.5Commands
      6. 4.11.6 Thedialog element
        1. 4.11.6.1Anchor points
    12. 4.12 Links
      1. 4.12.1Introduction
      2. 4.12.2 Links created by a andarea elements
      3. 4.12.3 Downloading resources
      4. 4.12.4 Link types
        1. 4.12.4.1Link type "alternate"
        2. 4.12.4.3Link type "bookmark"
        3. 4.12.4.4 Link type "help"
        4. 4.12.4.5 Link type "icon"
        5. 4.12.4.6Link type "license"
        6. 4.12.4.7Link type "nofollow"
        7. 4.12.4.8Link type "noreferrer"
        8. 4.12.4.9Link type "prefetch"
        9. 4.12.4.10Link type "search"
        10. 4.12.4.11 Link type "stylesheet"
        11. 4.12.4.12 Link type "tag"
        12. 4.12.4.13 Sequential link types
        1. 4.12.4.13.1Link type "next"
        2. 4.12.4.13.2Link type "prev"
        13. 4.12.4.14 Other link types
    13. 4.13 Common idioms without dedicated elements
      1. 4.13.1 The main part of the content
      2. 4.13.2 Bread crumb navigation
      3. 4.13.3 Tag clouds
      4. 4.13.4Conversations
      5. 4.13.5Footnotes
  5. 5 Loading Web pages
    1. 5.1 Browsing contexts
      1. 5.1.1 Nested browsing contexts
        1. 5.1.1.1 Navigating nested browsing contexts in the DOM
      2. 5.1.2 Auxiliary browsing contexts
        1. 5.1.2.1 Navigating auxiliary browsing contexts in the DOM
      3. 5.1.3 Secondary browsing contexts
      4. 5.1.4 Browsing context names
    2. 5.2 TheWindow object
      1. 5.2.1 APIs for creating and navigating browsing contexts by name
      2. 5.2.2 Accessing other browsing contexts
      3. 5.2.3 Named access on the Windowobject
      4. 5.2.4 Browser interface elements
    3. 5.3 Origin
      1. 5.3.1 Relaxing the same-origin restriction
    4. 5.4Sandboxing
    5. 5.5 Session history and navigation
      1. 5.5.1The session history of browsing contexts
      2. 5.5.2 The History interface
      3. 5.5.3 The Location interface
    6. 5.6Browsing the Web
      1. 5.6.1History traversal
      2. 5.6.2Unloading documents
    7. 5.7 Offline Web applications
      1. 5.7.1Introduction
        1. 5.7.1.1Event summary
      2. 5.7.2 The cache manifest syntax
        1. 5.7.2.1 Some sample manifests
        2. 5.7.2.2 Writing cache manifests
      3. 5.7.3 Application cache API
      4. 5.7.4Browser state
  6. 6 Web application APIs
    1. 6.1Scripting
      1. 6.1.1Introduction
      2. 6.1.2 Events
        1. 6.1.2.1 Event handlers on elements,Document objects, and Windowobjects
    2. 6.2 Base64 utility methods
    3. 6.3Timers
    4. 6.4 User prompts
      1. 6.4.1Simple dialogs
      2. 6.4.2Printing
      3. 6.4.3 Dialogs implemented using separate documents
    5. 6.5 System state and capabilities
      1. 6.5.1 The Navigator object
        1. 6.5.1.1 Client identification
        2. 6.5.1.2Custom scheme and content handlers
        3. 6.5.1.3 Manually releasing the storage mutex
      2. 6.5.2 The External interface
  7. 7 User interaction
    1. 7.1 Thehidden attribute
    2. 7.2 Inert subtrees
    3. 7.3Activation
    4. 7.4 Focus
      1. 7.4.1 Sequential focus navigation and the tabindex attribute
      2. 7.4.2 Document-level focus APIs
      3. 7.4.3 Element-level focus APIs
    5. 7.5 Assigning keyboard shortcuts
      1. 7.5.1Introduction
      2. 7.5.2The accesskey attribute
    6. 7.6 Editing
      1. 7.6.1Making document regions editable: The contenteditable content attribute
      2. 7.6.2 Making entire documents editable: The designMode IDL attribute
      3. 7.6.3 Best practices for in-page editors
      4. 7.6.4Editing APIs
      5. 7.6.5 Spelling and grammar checking
    7. 7.7 Drag and drop
      1. 7.7.1Introduction
      2. 7.7.2The drag data store
      3. 7.7.3 The DataTransfer interface
        1. 7.7.3.1 The DataTransferItemListinterface
        2. 7.7.3.2 The DataTransferIteminterface
      4. 7.7.4 The DragEvent interface
      5. 7.7.5 Events summary
      6. 7.7.6The draggable attribute
      7. 7.7.7 Thedropzone attribute
  8. 8 The HTML syntax
    1. 8.1 Writing HTML documents
      1. 8.1.1 The DOCTYPE
      2. 8.1.2Elements
        1. 8.1.2.1 Start tags
        2. 8.1.2.2 End tags
        3. 8.1.2.3Attributes
        4. 8.1.2.4Optional tags
        5. 8.1.2.5 Restrictions on content models
        6. 8.1.2.6 Restrictions on the contents of raw text and RCDATA elements
      3. 8.1.3 Text
        1. 8.1.3.1Newlines
      4. 8.1.4 Character references
      5. 8.1.5CDATA sections
      6. 8.1.6Comments
    2. 8.2Named character references
  9. 9 The XHTML syntax
  10. 10 Obsolete features
  11. 10.1 Obsolete but conforming features
  12. 10.2 Non-conforming features
  13. 11 IANA considerations
  14. 11.1 text/html
  15. 11.2 multipart/x-mixed-replace
  16. 11.3 application/xhtml+xml
  17. 11.4 application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  18. 11.5 text/cache-manifest
  19. 11.6 web+ scheme prefix
  20. Index
  21. Elements
  22. Element content categories
  23. Attributes
  24. Element Interfaces
  25. All Interfaces
  26. Events
  27. Index of terms
  28. References
  29. Acknowledgements