Seychelles (original) (raw)
Seychelles
| Map of Seychelles | Hear National Anthem "Koste Seselwa" (Seychellois Unite) Adopted 18 Jun 1996 | Hear Former Anthem "Fyer Seselwa" (Be Proud Seychellois) (1978-18 Jun 1996) --------------------------------- 1976-1978 Anthem "En Avant" (Forward) | Constitution (21 Jun 1993) |
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| Capital: Victoria (�tablissement du Roi 1778-1814; Mah� 1770-1778, 1814-1842) | Currency: Seychelles Rupee (SCR); 1900-1903 Mauritius Rupee (MUR) | National Holiday: 29 Jun (1976) National Day | Population: 95,981 (2019) |
| GDP: 2.75billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:2.75 billion (2017) | Exports: 2.75billion(2017)∣∗∗Exports∗∗:564.8 million (2017) Imports: $1.15 billion (2017) | Ethnic groups: Seychellois Creole (mixed African, Asian, European) 93.2%, British 3%, French 1.8%, Chinese 0.5%, Indian 0.3%, Arab and other 1.2% (2000) | |
| Total Active Armed Forces: 200 (2010) Merchant marine: 25 ships (2018) | Religions: Roman Catholic 76.2%, Protestant 10.6% (Anglican 6.1%, Pentecoastal Assembly 1.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.2%, other Protestant 1.6), other Christian 2.4%, Hindu 2.4%, Muslim 1.6%, other non-Christian 1.1%, unspecified 4.8%, none 0.9% (2010) | ||
| International Organizations/Treaties: ACP,AfCFTA,AfDB, AOSIS, APM, AU, BTWC, C, CCM, CD, COMESA, CTBT, CWC, EITI, ESCR, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IORA, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, NPT, NTBT, OIF, OPCW, OST, SADC, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO |
| Seychelles | Chronology 1501 Portuguese explorer, Jo�o da Nova discovered the islands now known as the Farquhar Atoll. 1502 Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama discovered the islands now known as the Amirantes Islands. 1609 English expedition arrives at Mah� and makes the first recorded landing (no settlement). 21 Nov 1742 Claimed for France (Isle Mah� sighted 19 Nov 1742) by Lazare Picault (b. 1708 - d. 1742), and named �les de La Bourdonnaye. 1 Nov 1756 Annexed by France (�les de Seychelles); but no settlement. 27 Aug 1770 First settlers arrived on the island of Ste. Anne. 1778 First establishment created on Mah�, called L'Etablissement du Roi (The King's Establishment). 17 May 1794 - 13 Mar 1802 Occupied by the U.K (French administration civil continues). 3 Feb 1803 - 17 May 1810 Nominally part of French colony of Indes-Orientales (seeMauritius)(not effected). 24 Sep 1804 Re-occupied by the U.K (French administration civil continues to 17 May 1810). 2 Jun 1811 British possession (Seychelles Islands)(part of Mauritius). 15 Oct 1814 British possession proclaimed by Treaty of Paris (of 30 May 1814). 9 Nov 1903 Colony of Seychelles (separation from Mauritius, by Letters Patent of 31 Aug 1903). 8 Nov 1965 - 28 Jun 1976 Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches Islands part of British Indian Ocean Territory. 1967 Seychelles 12 Nov 1970 Autonomy (by Seychelles Order 30 Sep 1970). 1 Oct 1975 Full internal autonomy (by Seychelles [Constitution] Order 17 Sep 1975, S.I. 1975 No. 81). 28 Jun 1976 Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches Islands are returned to the Seychelles by the U.K. 29 Jun 1976 Independence from Britain (Republic of Seychelles). 21 Jun 1993 Kreole, English and French named as national languages by the constitution of 1993. |
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Commandants (subordinated to �le de France [Mauritius])
1744 - 1770 None
1770 - 1772 Jean Charles Delaunay
1772 - 1777 Jean Antoine Anselme (b. 1741 - d. 1802)
Dec 1778 - 1781 Charles Routier de Romainville (b. 1739? - d. 1808)
1781 - 1783 Fran�ois Claude Berthelot de la (b. 1750 - d. 1822)
Coste
1783 - Sep 1788 Nicolas Beno�t Antoine Gillot de (b. 1736? - d. 1790)
Doron
Sep 1789 - Sep 1792 Louis Jean-Baptiste Philog�ne (b. 1748 - d. 1825)
de Malavois
Sep 1792 - 1793 Charles Joseph Enouf (b. 1748 - d. 1811)
9 Sep 1793 - 2 Jun 1811 Jean-Baptiste Qu�au de Quinssy (b. 1748 - d. 1827)
Commandants and Civil Agents (subordinated to Mauritius)
2 Jun 1811 - 1812 Bartholomew Sullivan (acting) (b. 178. - d. 1835)
1812 - 7 Nov 1814 Bibye Le Sage (b. 1779 - d. 1843)
7 Nov 1814 - 1822 Edward Henry Madge (b. 1776 - d. 1850?)
Government Agents
1822 - 30 Aug 1826 Edward Henry Madge (s.a.)
30 Aug 1826 - 1837 George Harrison (acting to 1827) (d. 1841)
1837 - Feb 1839 Arthur Wilson (b. 180. - d. 186.)
Civil Commissioners
Feb 1839 - 21 Apr 1850 Charles Augustus Mylius (b. 1795? - d. 1873)
21 Apr 1850 - Jul 1850 William Ford (1st time) (acting) (b. 181. - d. 1865)
Jul 1850 - 23 Nov 1852 Robert William Keate (b. 1814 - d. 1873)
20 Aug 1850 - 1850 William Ford (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Keate)
23 Nov 1852 - 10 May 1853 Dashwood Watt Ricketts (acting) (b. 1805 - d. 1887)
10 May 1853 - 25 Sep 1861 George Thompson Wade (b. 1815 - d. 1861)
1854 - 1854 William Ford (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Wade)
1856 - 1856 William Harrison Hollier Griffiths (b. 1793 - d. 1857)
(acting for Wade)
5 Dec 1857 - 1858 Charles Robert Telfair (1st time) (b. 1822 - d. 1870)
(acting for Wade)
Jan 1859 - Sep 1859 Charles Robert Telfair (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Wade)
25 Sep 1861 - 17 Nov 1861 Cyprien Hermodan Eug�ne Dupuy (b. 1820 - d. 1881)
(1st time)(acting)
17 Nov 1861 - 15 Aug 1862 Robert Cecil Dudgeon (acting) (b. 1823 - d. 1871)
15 Aug 1862 - 12 Dec 1862 Cyprien Hermodan Eug�ne Dupuy (s.a.)
(2nd time)(acting)
12 Dec 1862 - Mar 1869 Swinburne Ward (b. 1830 - d. 1885)
1868 - 1868 James Henry Brooks (b. 1831 - d. 1920)
(acting for Ward)
Mar 1869 - Jul 1869 Louis Gustave Trouchet (acting) (b. 1835 - d. 1891)
Jul 1869 - 25 Nov 1872 William Hales Franklyn (b. 1816 - d. 1874)
Chief Civil Commissioners
26 Nov 1872 - 3 Apr 1874 William Hales Franklyn (s.a.)
3 Apr 1874 - 1874 �douard Amand Esnouf (acting) (b. 1842 - d. 1917)
1874 - 1875 Arthur Elibank Havelock (1st time) (b. 1844 - d. 1908)
(acting)
1875 - 1879 Charles Spencer Salmon (b. 1832 - d. 1896)
1879 - 11 Dec 1879 Ange Edmond de La Peyre (acting) (b. 1840 - d. 1916)
11 Dec 1879 - 9 Oct 1880 Arthur Elibank Havelock (2nd time) (s.a.)
Aug 1880 - 9 Oct 1880 Henri Eug�ne Desmarais (1st time) (b. 1843 - d. 1928)
(acting for Havelock)
9 Oct 1880 - 24 Feb 1881 Francis Theophilus Blunt (b. 1837 - d. 1881)
24 Feb 1881 - 1 Mar 1881 Henri Eug�ne Desmarais (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
1 Mar 1881 - 28 Jan 1882 Henry Cockburn Stewart (acting) (b. 1844 - d. 1899)
Dec 1881 - 28 Jan 1882 Henri Eug�ne Desmarais (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Stewart)
28 Jan 1882 - 1888 Arthur Cecil Stuart Barkly (b. 1843 - d. 1890)
Apr 1886 - Feb 1887 George Hollier Griffiths (b. 1839 - d. 1911)
(acting for Barkly)
1888 - 18 Feb 1889 Richard Myles Brown (acting) (b. 1847 - d. 19..)
Administrators
18 Feb 1889 - 17 Mar 1895 Thomas Risely Griffith (b. 1848 - d. 1920)
16 Nov 1891 - 17 May 1892 Richard Myles Brown (1st time) (s.a.)
(acting for Griffith)
17 Mar 1895 - 17 Jun 1895 Richard Myles Brown (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
17 Jun 1895 - 15 May 1899 Henry Cockburn Stewart (s.a.)
15 May 1899 - 20 Nov 1899 Richard Myles Brown (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
20 Nov 1899 - 9 Nov 1903 Ernest Bickham Sweet-Escott (b. 1857 - d. 1941)
Governors and Commanders-in-chief
(also Commissioners of British Indian Ocean Territory 8 Nov 1965 - 28 Jul 1976)
9 Nov 1903 - 30 May 1904 Ernest Bickham Sweet-Escott (s.a.)
30 May 1904 - 28 Dec 1912 Walter Edward Davidson (b. 1859 - d. 1923)
May 1907 - Nov 1907 Eric Blackwood Wright (b. 1860 - d. 1940)
(acting for Davidson)
Apr 1911 - Nov 1911 Alfred Karney Young (1st time) (b. 1865 - d. 1942)
(acting for Davidson)
16 Dec 1912 - 28 Dec 1912 Alfred Karney Young (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Davidson)
28 Dec 1912 - 8 Oct 1918 Charles Richard Mackey O'Brien (b. 1859 - d. 1935)
23 Jul 1916 - 20 Mar 1917 Ewen Reginald Logan (1st time) (b. 1868 - d. 1945)
(acting for O'Brien)
13 May 1918 - 8 Oct 1918 Ewen Reginald Logan (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for O'Brien)
8 Oct 1918 - 26 Sep 1922 Sir Eustace Edward Twisleton- (b. 1864 - d. 1943)
Wykeham-Fiennes
13 Mar 1921 - 26 Sep 1922 Philip Bertie Petrides (b. 1881 - d. 1956)
(acting for Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes)
26 Sep 1922 - 13 Aug 1927 Sir Joseph Aloysius Byrne (b. 1874 - d. 1942)
6 Apr 1927 - 13 Aug 1927 Justin Louis Devaux (1st time) (b. 1884 - d. 1943)
(acting for Byrne)
13 Aug 1927 - 27 Nov 1927 Sir Malcolm Stevenson (b. 1878 - d. 1927)
27 Nov 1927 - 1928 Justin Louis Devaux (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
1928 - 24 Mar 1928 Robert Stephen Vere de Vere (b. 1872 - d. 1936)
(acting)
24 Mar 1928 - Mar 1934 De Symons Montagu George Honey (b. 1872 - d. 1945)
(from 25 Feb 1932, Sir De Symons Montagu George Honey)
Dec 1931 - May 1932 Patrick Joseph Stanislaus Walsh (b. 1872 - d. 1943)
(acting for Honey)
Mar 1934 - 19 May 1936 Gordon James Lethem (b. 1886 - d. 1962)
(from 1 Jan 1936, Gordon James Lethem)
5 Nov 1935 - 17 Mar 1936 Arthur Evelyn Weatherhead (b. 1880 - d. 1956)
(acting for Lethem)
25 Mar 1936 - 19 May 1936 Ernest Gardiner Smith (b. 1880 - d. 1956)
(acting for Lethem)
19 May 1936 - 30 Mar 1942 Arthur Francis Grimble (b. 1888 - d. 1956)
(from 1 Jan 1938, Sir Arthur Francis Grimble)
30 Mar 1942 - 12 Jul 1947 William Marston Logan (b. 1889 - d. 1968)
(from 8 Jun 1944, Sir William Marston Logan)
1947 - 12 Jul 1947 Francis Derek Jakeway (b. 1915 - d.1993)
(acting for Logan)
12 Jul 1947 - 14 May 1951 Percy Selwyn Selwyn-Clarke (b. 1893 - d. 1976)
(from 1 Jan 1951, Sir Percy Selwyn Selwyn-Clarke)
20 Aug 1950 - 14 May 1951 Kenneth Graeme Stewart Smith (b. 1918 - d. 2001)
(acting for Selwyn-Clarke)
14 May 1951 - 17 Oct 1953 Frederick Crawford (b. 1906 - d. 1978)
10 Jun 1953 - 17 Oct 1953 Gordon Matthews Hector (b. 1918 - d. 2001)
(acting for Crawford)
17 Oct 1953 - Jan 1958 William Addis (b. 1901 - d. 1978)
(from 9 Jun 1955, Sir William Addis)
Oct 1957 - Jan 1958 Kenneth James Knaggs (b. 1920 - d. 2001)
(acting for Addis)
Jan 1958 - 13 Aug 1961 Sir John Kingsmill Robert Thorp (b. 1912 - d. 1961)
(from 132 Jun 1959, Sir John Kingsmill Robert Thorp)
20 Jan 1959 - 25 Feb 1959 Ian Woodroffe (1st time) (b. 1924 - d. 2001)
(acting for Thorp)
21 Jun 1960 - 19 Nov 1960 Ian Woodroffe (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Thorp)
13 Aug 1961 - 27 Jan 1962 Ian Woodroffe (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting [for Thorp to 13 Aug 1961])
22 Jan 1962 - 27 Jan 1962 George Peter Lloyd (1st time) (b. 1926 - d. 2007)
(acting)
27 Jan 1962 - 15 Apr 1967 Julian Edward George Asquith, (b. 1916 - d. 2011)
Earl of Oxford and Asquith
17 Dec 1964 - 1965 George Peter Lloyd (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Asquith)
7 Apr 1967 - 15 Apr 1967 Adrian Ernest Forsyth-Thompson (b. 1925 - d. 1971)
(acting for Asquith)
15 Apr 1967 - 13 Mar 1969 Sir Hugh Selby Norman-Walker (b. 1916 - d. 1985)
13 Mar 1969 - 8 Nov 1973 Bruce Greatbatch (b. 1917 - d. 1988)
(from 16 Feb 1970, Sir Bruce Greatbatch)
8 Nov 1973 - 28 Jun 1976 Colin Hamilton Allan (b. 1921 - d. 1993)
Presidents
29 Jun 1976 - 5 Jun 1977 Sir James Richard Marie Mancham (b. 1939 - d. 2017) SDP
5 Jun 1977 - 14 Apr 2004 France-Albert Ren� (b. 1935 - d. 2019)SPUP;1978 SPPF
14 Apr 2004 - 16 Oct 2016 James Alix Michel (b. 1944) SPPF;2009 PP
16 Oct 2016 - 26 Oct 2020 Danny Antoine Rollen Faure (b. 1962) PP
26 Oct 2020 - Wavel John Charles Ramkalawan (b. 1961) SNP+LDS
Chief minister
12 Nov 1970 - 30 Sep 1975 James Richard Marie Mancham (s.a.) SDP
Prime ministers
1 Oct 1975 - 28 Jun 1976 James Richard Marie Mancham (s.a.) SDP
(from 22 Jun 1976, Sir James Richard Marie Mancham)
29 Jun 1976 - 5 Jun 1977 France-Albert Ren� (s.a.) SPUP
5 Jun 1977 Post abolished
Territorial Disputes: Seychelles and Mauritius claim the Chagos Islands the Chagos Islands (U.K.-administered British Indian Ocean Territory).
Party abbreviations: LDS = Linyon Demokratik Seselwa/Seychellois Democratic Alliance (liberal, named Linyon Sanzman/Alliance for Change to 2016, coalition of SNP, Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy [SPSD], Seychelles United Party [SUP] and to 2018 Lalyans Seselwa, est.2015); PP = Parti Lepep/People's Party/Parti Populaire (democratic socialist, former SPPF, est.Jun 2009); SDP = Seychelles Democratic Party/Parti D�mocratique Seychellois (conservative, governing party 1970-77, est.1964, banned 1979, re-est.1992); SN P = Seychelles National Party (centrist, liberal, est.1994);
- Former parties:SPPF = Seychelles People's Progressive Front/Front Progressiste du Peuple Seychellois (social-democratic, center-left, 26 Mar 1979-30 Dec 1991 only legal party, former SPUP, 9 Jun 1978-Jun 2009, renamed PP); SPUP = Seychelles People's United Party/Parti Uni du Peuple Seychellois (social-democratic, center-left, pro-independence, Jun 1964-9 Jun 1978, renamed SPPF)
� Ben Cahoon