ahmed mahfouz - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by ahmed mahfouz

Fuel, 2021

The Combustion of liquid fuels is largely dependent on effective ways of atomization. The investi... more The Combustion of liquid fuels is largely dependent on effective ways of atomization. The investigation of flow dynamics and atomization of alternative fuels is essential and supportive for combustion assessment. The current experimental investigation aims at providing a microscopic insight into the spray characteristics of the conventional (light diesel oil) fuel, a renewable fuel (waste cooking oil), and their blend together. A PIV laser measuring technique is used to provide detailed information on the fuel spray: droplets size, pattern, evaporation rate, instantaneous velocity, local cone angle, average axial velocity, penetration, and vorticity. The experiments cover four air to liquid ratios (ALR) of 0.8, 0.78, 0.65, and 0.57. A coaxial spill return atomizer is employed downwards as well as is surrounded by co-flowing air (kg/hr) of 48, 52.2, 55.8, and 60. The spray images are taken in an open atmosphere and the assessment of the fuel droplets velocity and size is obtained through PIV cross-correlation inside a glass room. The maximum evaporation rate is 48.1% for diesel fuel, 37% for waste cooking oil, and 44% for blended fuel at an ALR of 0.57. The application of co-flowing air (kg/hr) of 48 will reduce the local cone angle by 17%, 6%, and 4.3%. The interaction between waste cooking oil droplets with surrounding air is very difficult because of its high viscosity, density, lower evaporation rate, and larger droplets size than diesel fuel.

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 2017

Waste cooking oil as an alternative fuel in oil burners allow facing the challenges of rising die... more Waste cooking oil as an alternative fuel in oil burners allow facing the challenges of rising diesel oil prices, reducing gradual depletion of fossil fuel, saving imported fuel from abroad with foreign currency and reduction of exhaust emissions that cause global warming. Waste cooking oil was preheated to 90 ℃. Properties of waste cooking oil were near to diesel fuel.This paper proposes to investigate the combustion characteristics of waste cooking-diesel oil blends at constant heat load. Waste cooking-diesel oils blends were prepared by volume percentages of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%.Exhaust gas temperature, axial inflame, radial inflames temperatures, exhaust emissions and combustor were investigated for waste cooking-diesel oils blends in swirled oil burner.The experimental results showed that WCO-LDO blends emitted lower emission and values compared to diesel oil. Hydrocarbons emissions for waste cooking-diesel oils blends were higher than diesel oil. Increases of radial inflame temperature of waste cooking-diesel oils blends compared to diesel oil. NOx emissions of for LDO was higher than any waste cooking-diesel blend. The percentage of heat transferred to the combustor wall decreased for WCO-LDO blends compared to LDO.Waste cooking diesel oil blends can be used as an alternative fuel oilsin oil burner.

Journal of the Energy Institute, 2019

Waste tires and cooking oil pose a serious danger to human health and environment. Self-reacting ... more Waste tires and cooking oil pose a serious danger to human health and environment. Self-reacting pyrolysis system for waste tires is designed and constructed for converting waste tires into oil that could be used as a sustainable fuel. This study aims to analyze the thermal microstructure of conventional fuels like light diesel oil (LDO) and heavy diesel oil (HDO) as well as blended with waste cooking oil (WCO) and tires pyrolysis oil (TPO) using a co-axial burner via flame spectroscopy analysis. The first Blend 1 (B1) consists of 20% WCO þ 80% LDO, the second one (B2) consist of 20% WCOþ80%HDO and the last one (B3) was 20%TPO and 80% LDO by mass. This percentage was chosen carefully and according to previous combustion characteristics results. The experimental results showed that B1 will shrink C2 radicals by nearly 61% and 64.5% at Ф ¼ 0.63 and 0.96 respectively. B2 will decrease C2 radicals by nearly 19% and 82% at Ф ¼ 0.63 and 0.96 respectively. Finally, B3 will reduce C2 radical's intensity by nearly 39% and 58% at Ф ¼ 0.63 and 0.96 respectively. TPO produced CH emission radicals lower than that of LDO by nearly 5.9%. LDO droplets absorbed more radiation energy needed for excitation than that of WCO due to droplet size and fuel physic-chemical properties. B2 fuel is recommended to replace LDO at Ф ¼ 0.63 and 0.96.

Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 2019

Flame spectroscopy for conventional fuels and their blends with waste cooking oil (WCO) wasn't ca... more Flame spectroscopy for conventional fuels and their blends with waste cooking oil (WCO) wasn't carried out yet. In this research, WCO was blended with both light diesel oil (LDO) and heavy diesel oil (HDO) by 20% by mass, B1 and B2 respectively where no chemicals were added. Combustion processes were done by swirled vane burner inside and outside the water boiler at different heat loads. Axial plane flame temperatures were measured. The results showed that the highest peak thermal energy was achieved by HDO at all heat loads. Blend B2 produced lower heat energy than HDO by nearly average 7.5%. B2 produced lower heat energy transferred to water boiler than HDO by nearly 12.2%, 2.1%, 8.2 and 7.6% while B1 supplied 17%, 13.6%, 29.4% and 6.1% lower compared to LDO. LDO atoms are excited for long period along the flame length while WCO took short one. Both flame temperature and emission radicals of B1 were lower than that of LDO at the same condition and position. Fuel droplets size controlled the absorption of radiation energy for atom excitation.

Combustion Characteristics of a Swirled Burner Fueled With Waste Cooking Oil

Volume 6A: Energy, 2015

Measurement, 2019

The excitations of molecules due to reactions inside turbulent flames are very complicated to stu... more The excitations of molecules due to reactions inside turbulent flames are very complicated to study. In this research, investigation on the intensity of the reaction rates inside and around flames of light diesel oil (LDO) and waste cooking oil (WCO) blends with light and heavy diesel fuel (HDO) using Hyperspectral camera of wide range of measurements at various fuel/air equivalence ratios. The addition of waste cooking oil to both LDO will achieve fuel saving in which results of peak emissions at fuel/air equivalence ratio (U) = 0.96 and U = 1.1 are equal at all zones of reactions. But, addition of WCO to HDO make the combustion process tends to lean mixtures where peak emissions values at U = 0.75, 0.96 and 1.1 are equal at the last three zones of reaction.

Due to the intensive and extensive consumption of fossil fuels in all life sectors such as transp... more Due to the intensive and extensive consumption of fossil fuels in all life sectors such as transportation, power generation, industrial processes, and residential consumption lead to find other new alternative fuels should be the target to cover this fuel demand. Fossil fuel resources are considered non-renewable sources and they will be depleted in the near future. In addition to its environmental impact which causes global warming, harmful exhaust emissions, and its price instability. Waste cooking oil (WCO) was considered as one of these alternative fuels and additives which will provide the industry with low price fuel and may solve the problem of getting rid of waste cooking oil. The present work demonstrated a comparative study for combustion characteristics between light diesel oil (LDO) and waste cooking oil in a swirled oil burner. Waste cooking oil was used directly as a fuel inside a cylindrical combustor using a swirled liquid oil burner at different operating conditions. Waste cooking oil was preheated to 90 °C before entering oil burner to decrease its viscosity and near to light diesel oil. Physical and chemical properties of waste cooking oil were measured and characterized according to ASTM standards. Combustion characteristics of this swirled oil burner using waste cooking oil and light diesel oil were experimentally investigated. Axial and radial inflame temperatures; exhaust gas emissions concentrations and combustor efficiency were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the increase of primary air pressure led to increase in exhaust gas temperature for LDO and WCO. CO2 emissions values for LDO increased compared to WCO. Hydrocarbons a emissions for WCO were higher than LDO. Percentage of heat transferred to the combustor wall increased for WCO compared to LDO. Increase of radial inflame temperature of WCO compared to LDO was due to the increase in heat release at high equivalence ratio. Waste cooking oil tended to produce luminous flames compared to diesel oil due to higher carbon content in its chemical composition.