nadia el-gamal | National Research Center of Egypt (original) (raw)

Papers by nadia el-gamal

European journal of plant pathology, Feb 9, 2024

Fusarium rot of Luffa cylindrical was detected at Kafr-El-Dawar province, Beheira governorate, No... more Fusarium rot of Luffa cylindrical was detected at Kafr-El-Dawar province, Beheira governorate, North Egypt during the growing season 2021. Surveyed disease incidence at Beheira, Kafr El-Shekh and Sharkia governorate showed fruit rot incidences of 18.33%, 16.12%, and 12.42%, respectively. Two fungal isolates of Fusarium spp. were tested for their pathogenic ability to induce Fusarium rot disease and typical disease symptoms. The online Basic Local Alignment Search Tool for Nucleotide Sequences (BLASTN) was used for identification and confirmation of identity performance of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and DNA sequencing, then compared with sequences available in GenBank. The two fungal isolates were identified as Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium chlamydosporum and registered under accession number MN480497 and MN480498, respectively. Under laboratory conditions, organic acids, essential oils and organic salts significantly inhibited the growth of the two fungal isolates. Complete inhibition of fungal growth (100%) was recorded at 0.75 g/l of Topsin-M70 (Thiophanate-methyl) and 0.5% of salicylic acid. Meanwhile, a moderate growth reduction was observed using benzoic acid, coumarine, and cinnamon, thyme oil and garlic oil treatments. Under field conditions for two successive seasons, similar trends were observed. Foliar sprays with the fungicide Topsin-M70 showed the largest reduction in disease expression. The highest fruit rot disease reduction was recorded for salicylic acid and coumarin treatments followed by thyme oil, benzoic acid and potassium carbonate, garlic oil, boric acid and sodium bicarbonate. We concluded that the treatments are effective, safe and cost-effective methods for the control of this pre-harvest fruit disease under field conditions.

International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2016

Indian phytopathology, Feb 16, 2021

The Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 2013

Chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis fabae Sard is one of the most yield limiting constraint... more Chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis fabae Sard is one of the most yield limiting constraints of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in the world as in Egypt. Under vitro conditions, all tested bioagents showed significant reduction in the growth area of B. fabae. The highest reduction of fungus growth area was obtained with Trichderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and Ampelomyces qusisqualis which reduced the growth area by 79.3, 62.6 and 60.3% respectively. At high culture filtrate 75% the same trend was shown as, T.harzianum and A.qusisqualis followed by T.viride caused 47.4, 42.6 and 41.1% reduction of Botrytis faba growth, respectively. Under greenhouse conditions, each of culture filtrate 0f T. harzianum, A. qusisqualis and T. viride at 50% concentration reduced the disease severity by 30.3, 35.0 and 36.8% after five days of treatment. Under field conditions, spraying faba bean plants with P. fluorescens, B. subtilis at concentration (2.8x10 8 cfu ml) and T. viride at concentration (2.5x10 5 pore/ml) reduced the disease severity more than 57.4%. During the growing season 2009-2010, faba bean plants treated with each of the fungicide Diathin M45 and biocides B. subtilis P. fluorescenand T. harzianum gave the highest seed yield / plot; the highest hundred seed weight (gm) and the highest seed yield ton / fed. as compared with the control treatment. The obtained data can be considered a step in the new area of the safe usage of biocides in controlling chocolate spot disease without polluting the environment.

Bioscience Journal

Mild brown and black spot diseases symptoms were detected on citrus varieties, Valencia and Navel... more Mild brown and black spot diseases symptoms were detected on citrus varieties, Valencia and Navel fruits during season 2018 in some citrus orchards at North Egypt. Collected diseased fruit samples revealed isolation of Alternaria alternata and Phyllosticta citricarpa (McAlpine) van der Aa. Some organic acids, salts and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were evaluated against the diseases incidents in vitro and in vivo. Complete growth inhibition was recorded for fungi tested at 2g/L of salicylic acid, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Tri-Sodium polyphosphate and 2.5 g/L of S. cerevisiae. All pre-harvest treated Valencia trees, inoculated fruits revealed no diseases symptoms up to 10 days of storage period. Meanwhile, S. cerevisiae and salicylic acid treatments had extended protective effect up to 20 days. Control strategy through spraying Valencia orange trees with yeast or some organic acids and salts as pre-harvest approaches should be taken in consideration especially these diseases began ...

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control

Background Stem rust caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss is one of the most devastating fungal fo... more Background Stem rust caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss is one of the most devastating fungal foliar diseases, and causes substantial yield losses to wheat crops cultivated under field conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of plant extract-based foliar sprays for wheat with carnation, ginger and cinnamon on the severity of stem rust infection of three wheat cultivars cultivated under field conditions for two consecutive winter seasons of (2020/21 and 2021/22). Results In both seasons our data showed that all treatments were associated with some degree of disease suppression recorded as a range of 2.3–8.6% compared to 15.3–24.5% in untreated control treatment. The plant extract treatment was more effective than Amistar, a commercial fungicide. They recorded disease severity as: scores ranged between 2.3 and 3.2%; 3.0–4.5%, and 3.0–6% for wheat cvs. Giza 1, Misr 2, and Sids 14, in respective order. Meanwhile, scores of 4.1, 7.5, and 8.6% were recorded at fungicidal tr...

Acta agriculturae Slovenica

Root rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kuhn and Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. is a ma... more Root rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kuhn and Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. is a major problem restricting profitable farming of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Under field conditions, some chemical inducers compared with chemical fungicides were evaluated for controlling bean root rot disease. Significant effect was observed for all applied treatments against disease incidence compared with control. Applied treatments of seed dressing plus foliar spray showed the highest reduction of root rot incidence followed by seed dressing then foliar spray. Salicylic acid as seed followed by foliar spray showed the highest suppressive effect against disease incidence followed by glutathione treatments. Furthermore, application of calcium silicate revealed higher effect against disease incidence compared with potassium and sodium silicate at both pre-, and post-emergence plant growth stages. Fungicidal treatments showed affect disease incidence in a lower extent compared with...

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection

Foliar diseases, like powdery mildew, septoria leaf blotch (SLB) and stem rust, affect wheat plan... more Foliar diseases, like powdery mildew, septoria leaf blotch (SLB) and stem rust, affect wheat plants causing severe yield losses. Biofertilizers Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula (NRC2041) and Bacillus subtilis Ehrenberg (NRC313) or the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae Tul. & C. Tul. (NRC212A) and G. fasciculatum Tul. & C. Tul. (NRC212B) were used for soil treatment followed by foliar spray with Trichoderma harzianum or P. fluorescens to manage severity of wheat foliar diseases under field conditions for two successive growing seasons. Under field conditions, at all soil drench and foliar application treatments, Sids 14 was the most sensitive cultivar for high disease severity followed by Misr 2 and Giza 168. Also, the obtained results showed that the most effective treatments were soil drench with mycorrhizae followed by foliar spray with either T. harzianum or P. fluorescens. Meanwhile, the fungicide Amistar showed a superior reduction in disease severity compared to other ...

The objective in the present study was to investigate the application of chitosanessential oils a... more The objective in the present study was to investigate the application of chitosanessential oils amended coatings of citrus fruits to control postharvest diseases as fungicides alternatives. Different concentrations of chitosan and essential oils EOs such Lemongrass and citral were applied as individually or in combination treatments against Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum the main pathogens of rotting citrus fruit. In vitro, chitosan, lemongrass EO, citral EO and chitosan-EOs mixtures significantly reduced the linear growth and spore germination of P. digitatum and P.italicum. Lemongrass and citral EO s at 6 ml / L as well as chitosan + citral or lemongrass EOs mixtures at 3g/L+ 3 ml / L or 4 g/L+ 4 mL / L caused complete growth reduction of P.digitatum and P.italicum. Moreover these treatment cause 100 % protection of peel dices of orange and lime fruits artificially infected with P.digitatum and P.italicum. In storage trials, coated orange and lime fruits with combined treatments of chitosan + citral or lemongrass at concentrations 4.0 g / L+ 4.0 ml / L or 3g/L+3 ml/L caused significantly protective effect against green and blue mold s diseases and prevent the development of fruit decay due the mould s incidence during 40 days of storage at 20°C. Therefore, combination between chitosan and essential oils as fruit coating could be applicable safely for controlling green and blue moulds decay of citrus fruits instead of fungicidal treatments.

Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research, 2020

Background: The most important wheat diseases that caused by soil-borne fungi are the root-rot di... more Background: The most important wheat diseases that caused by soil-borne fungi are the root-rot disease. The current investigation conducted with evaluation the efficacy of some bioagents, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azospirillum brasilense, Trichoderma harzianum, commercial bioagent (Planta guard) and chitosan against the causal pathogenic organisms of wheat root rot disease under greenhouse conditions. Methods: Wheat seedlings infected with root rot disease were subjected to the causal fungal isolation trails. In greenhouse, wheat grains were sown individually in pots containing artificially infested soil with the pathogenic fungi R. solani or F. graminearum. Furthermore, the tested bioagents and the fungicide Topsin-M 70 were applied to the infested soil before sowing. Result: The isolated fungi were R. solani or F. graminearum had proved their pathogenic ability to induce root rot disease of wheat. In pot experiment, all applied treatments affect root rot incidenc...

Journal of Plant Protection Research, 2020

Luffa cylindrica M. Roem, is commonly called sponge gourd or Egyptian cucumber. In September 2018... more Luffa cylindrica M. Roem, is commonly called sponge gourd or Egyptian cucumber. In September 2018, several plants showing symptoms of powdery mildew were observed in some fields at different locations in Egypt. Identification and pathogenicity tests indicated that the causal fungus of powdery mildew disease of luffa cylindrica was Podosphaera xan thii. Results of surveyed luffa plants grown at different field localities of northern Egypt, for powdery mildew disease incidence revealed that the maximum record (57.33%) of disease occurrence was recorded in some fields belonging to Beheira governorate followed by, Alexandria and Sharqia (53.67% and 48.00%, respectively). Meanwhile, fewer occurrences were observed in Kafer El-Sheekh governorate (45.33%). We applied biocontrol agents as a foliar spray against powdery mildew in vitro and under field conditions. The effects of some essential oils, organic acid and bioproducts were also studied. All treatments significantly reduced P. xanth...

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection

Biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles is one of the environmental eco-friendly. Chaetomium globosum ... more Biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles is one of the environmental eco-friendly. Chaetomium globosum isolated from healthy bean plant and identified by 18 S. Different agricultural wastes were used for production of xylanase, pectinase and chitinase in media containing zinc nitrate as nanoparticles. Olive mill wastes were most promising in zinc nanoparticle produce at different pH values (6.0, 8.0 &10). The mean diameter of zinc nanoparticles at pH 8.0 was 18.06nm. Antifungal activity of zinc nanoparticles were most promising on pathogenic fungi at pH 8.0 followed by pH 6.0 &10.0.

journal of applied pharmaceutical science, 2015

This study discusses isolation and identification new fungus isolate from salinity soil for contr... more This study discusses isolation and identification new fungus isolate from salinity soil for controlling soil borne diseases. Among sixteen fungal, a potent isolate coded SRBP_ZSHSG1 was isolated from Sugar beet rhizospher samples collected from Al-Hosainia localities- El-Sharkia- Egypt. Traditional methods consistent with phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA sequences showed SRBP_ZSHSG1 has 100% similarity with Trichoderma strains and the most closest is Trichoderma asperellum. Thus, it proposed name Trichoderma asperellum SRBP_ZSHSG1 (ID: KP336489). Results proved SRBP_ZSHSG1 followed by T. roseum and Chaetomium globosum were highly inhibitors to the tested pathogens. These results were confirmed by field experiments. SRBP_ZSHSG1 was able to grow on rice straw (biostraw) and produce most active compounds. The biostaw extract was the most effective bioagent and recorded highest reduction in pathogen numbers. GC/MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of 9 compounds. ...

International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 2013

Field trials were carried out for evaluating the efficacy of Acetaldehyde and Benzaldehyde soil a... more Field trials were carried out for evaluating the efficacy of Acetaldehyde and Benzaldehyde soil applicat ion on black scurf disease of potato plants. Laboratory tests revealed that all treatments significantly reduced the linear growth of Rhizoctonia solani. Acetaldehyde and Benzaldehyde solutions at concentrations of 4.0 ml/ L co mp letely inhibited the linear growth of Rhizoctonia solani in vitro. Acetaldehyde and Benzaldehyde at concentrations of 5.0 and 10.0 ml/ L in addit ion to fungicide (Basamid) at 50 g/ m2 of soil) were applied under field conditions to study their effect on b lack scurf d isease and tuber yield of potato plants. Results indicate that that all treat ments significantly reduced the disease incidence of potato plants. The highest reduction was obtained with Acetaldehyde and Benzaldehyde at concentrations of 10.0 ml/L and fungicide Basamid wh ich reduced the disease incidence more than 85.0, 84.2 and 82.9% respectively during two successive growing seasons. Ac...

Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal, 2020

Background and objectives Biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) is considered one of the ne... more Background and objectives Biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) is considered one of the new approaches for enzyme production and good biofertilizer and biocontrol agent for pathogenic disease of plant. The selected fungal strain Gonatorrhodiella parasitica was used for biosynthesis of Zn NPs. Determination of enzyme activity in fermentation medium containing olive mill wastes (OMW) as substrate for production of protease, pectinase, and chitinase at different pH values (6) was done to produce detailed information on the progress of reduction of zinc nitrate on the nanosecond times (6.0, 8.0, and 10.0). Absorbance ultraviolet–visible spectra of Zn NPs at pH 6.0 were at λmax 280 nm. Transmission electron spectroscopy measurements indicate that extracellular biosynthesis of Zn NPs by G. parasitica was in the size of 16 nm. Composting of OMW inoculated with G. parasitica for 15–30 days led to decrease in total phenol, flavonoids, 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and aflatoxi...

Root rotcaused by Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani and Sclerotiumrolfsii is themost destructiv... more Root rotcaused by Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani and Sclerotiumrolfsii is themost destructive disease of tomato plants. Effect of chitin and chitosan on root rot pathogens as well as their influence on soil microflora and tomato root rot disease incidence under laboratory and greenhouse conditions were studied. Chitosan at 6 g/l completely inhibited the linear growth of all tomato root rot fungi tested, while chitin has no inhibitory effect. Tomato root rot fungi were highly affected by the presence of chitin or chitosan in the soil. Their counts were decreased throughout the experiment period comparing with untreated soil. Effects of chitin on fungal counts increased gradually by prolonging the experiment period from 15 up to 45 days, while the opposite feature was observed with chitosan treatment. As for chytinolytic bacteria and actinomycetes, all concentrations of both chitin or chitosan caused high increase in total count of chitinolytic bacteria. Bacterial counts were gre...

International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2012

Fusarium dry rot caused by Fusarium sambucinum could infect all cultivated potato cultivars at di... more Fusarium dry rot caused by Fusarium sambucinum could infect all cultivated potato cultivars at different degrees of disease infections. Laboratory and field trails were carried out for controlling the causal organism and disease incidence. Fusarium sambucinum isolate No.3 was highly pathogenic to all potato cultivars. Trichoderma harzianum was antagonistic to all tested isolates with different degrees of inhibition. Trichoderma harzianum inhibited the linear growth of all tested isolates of F. sambucinum by overcoming their growth. Drenching soil before tuber sowing with bio compost 4 (composted bagasse + rice straw + soybean straw + T. harzianum) and/or bio compost 1(composted bagasse + T. harzianum) significantly reduced Fusarium dry rot disease incidence and its severity .Compost 1 and compost 4 reduced disease incidence and severity by 58.2, and 68.7% and 65.9 , 68.1% during the first cultivation seasons 2010 and by 60.7, 71.4 % and 73.1, 78.0% during the second cultivation seas...