Alain NICOLAS | UCBL Lyon 1 (original) (raw)

Papers by Alain NICOLAS

Scientific Reports, 2019

The question of a possible link between dream content and memory consolidation remains open. Afte... more The question of a possible link between dream content and memory consolidation remains open. After a comprehensive review of the literature, we present novel findings from an experiment testing whether the incorporation of recently learned stimuli into dream reports is associated with improved post-sleep memory performance. Thirty-two high dream recallers freely explored new visuo-olfactory episodes for 3 consecutive days. During the nights following each non-explicit encoding, participants wore a wrist actimeter, and woke up at 5am and their usual waking time to record their dreams (intensity of all oneiric sensory perception was assessed using scales). A total of 120 dreams were reported and elements related to the encoding phase were identified in 37 of them, either learning-related (mainly visual- and rarely olfactory-related elements), or experiment-related (lab- or experimenters-related elements). On the 4th day, we found that participants with learning-related (n = 16) and pa...

Revue Neurologique, 2008

Restless-legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder, characterized by an irresistible urge to... more Restless-legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder, characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs usually accompanied or caused by uncomfortable and unpleasant sensations. It begins or worsens during periods of rest or inactivity, is partially or totally relieved by movements and is exacerbated or occurs at night and in the evening. RLS sufferers represent 2 to 3% of the general population in Western countries. Supportive criteria include a family history, the presence of periodic-leg movements (PLM) when awake or asleep and a positive response to dopaminergic treatment. The RLS phenotypes include an early onset form, usually idiopathic with a familial history and a late onset form, usually secondary to peripheral neuropathy. Recently, an atypical RLS phenotype without PLM and l-DOPA resistant has been characterized. RLS can occur in childhood and should be distinguished from attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, growing pains and sleep complaints in childhood. RLS should be included in the diagnosis of all patients consulting for sleep complaints or discomfort in the lower limbs. It should be differentiated from akathisia, that is, an urge to move the whole body without uncomfortable sensations. Polysomnographic studies and the suggested immobilization test can detect PLM. Furthermore, an l-DOPA challenge has recently been validated to support the diagnosis of RLS. RLS may cause severe-sleep disturbances, poor quality of life, depressive and anxious symptoms and may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In most cases, RLS is idiopathic. It may also be secondary to iron deficiency, end-stage renal disease, pregnancy, peripheral neuropathy and drugs, such as antipsychotics and antidepressants. The small-fiber neuropathy can mimic RLS or even trigger it. RLS is associated with many neurological and sleep disorders including Parkinson&amp;#39;s disease, but does not predispose to these diseases. The pathophysiology of RLS includes an altered brain-iron metabolism, a dopaminergic dysfunction, a probable role of pain control systems and a genetic susceptibility with nine loci and three polymorphisms in genes serving developmental functions. RLS treatment begins with the elimination of triggering factors and iron supplementation when deficient. Mild or intermittent RLS is usually treated with low doses of l-DOPA or codeine; the first-line treatment for moderate to severe RLS is dopaminergic agonists (pramipexole, ropinirole, rotigotine). In severe, refractory or neuropathy-associated RLS, antiepileptic (gabapentin, pregabalin) or opioid (oxycodone, tramadol) drugs can be used.

Nature and Science of Sleep, 2022

Introduction Several results suggest that the frequency of dream recall is positively correlated ... more Introduction Several results suggest that the frequency of dream recall is positively correlated with personality traits such as creativity and openness to experience. In addition, neuroimaging results have evidenced different neurophysiological profiles in high dream recallers (HR) and low dream recallers (LR) during both sleep and wakefulness, specifically within regions of the default mode network (DMN). These findings are consistent with the emerging view that dreaming and mind wandering pertain to the same family of spontaneous mental processes, subserved by the DMN. Methods To further test this hypothesis, we measured the DMN functional connectivity during resting wakefulness, together with personality and cognitive abilities (including creativity) in 28 HR and 27 LR. Results As expected, HR demonstrated a greater DMN connectivity than LR, higher scores of creativity, and no significant difference in memory abilities. However, there was no significant correlation between creat...

Journal of sleep research, Jan 6, 2018

There is a lack of up-to-date data on sleep and dream habits of college students. To fill in this... more There is a lack of up-to-date data on sleep and dream habits of college students. To fill in this gap, we used an online questionnaire sent to the student mailing lists of two major universities of Lyon (Lyon 1 and Lyon 2) for the recruitment of an functional magnetic resonance imaging study with sleep disorders as exclusion criteria. In the sample (1,137 French college students, 411 males, mean age = 22.2 ± 2.4 years, body mass index = 22.0 ± 3.2 kg m ), on average, the participants reported spending about 8 hr in bed during weekdays, 9 hr during the weekends, and 90.9% of them reported no difficulty falling asleep. Less than 0.4% of students reported to have sleep-walking episodes regularly, but nearly 7% reported regular sleep-talking episodes. The average dream recall frequency was about 3 mornings per week with a dream in mind. Dream recall frequency was positively correlated with the clarity of dream content and the frequency of lucid dreaming, and was negatively correlated wi...

Clinical nutrition ESPEN, 2016

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with parameters involved in body mass index (BMI) regulation.... more Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with parameters involved in body mass index (BMI) regulation. Contrary to obesity, BMI kinetics around the adiposity rebound is not documented in AN. This study aimed at investigating which characteristics of BMI kinetics around the adiposity rebound are associated with AN. Multicentre case-control study with 101 inpatient women with AN onset after 10 years of age, and 101 healthy women, all free of overweight history and matched for age, level of education and fathers' socio-professional status. Age at adiposity rebound, pre- and post-adiposity rebound BMI velocities and accelerations (change in velocity over time) were estimated with linear mixed models using data recorded between 2 and 10 years of age. Patients had an earlier adiposity rebound (mean (standard deviation (SD)): 5.3 (1.3) vs 5.7 (1.1) years), a larger BMI at adiposity rebound (mean (SD): 15.3 [1] vs 14.9 (0.9) kg/m(2)) and 29% lower BMI acceleration after adiposity rebound tha...

BMC medical genetics, Jan 31, 2017

Sex chromosome aneuploidies occur in approximately one in 420 live births. The most frequent abno... more Sex chromosome aneuploidies occur in approximately one in 420 live births. The most frequent abnormalities are 45,X (Turner syndrome), 47,XXX (triple X), 47,XXY (Klinefelter syndrome), and 47,XYY. The prevalence of males with more than one extra sex chromosome (e.g. 48,XXYY or 48,XXXY) is less common. However, the literature provides little information about the cognitive and behavioural phenotype and the natural history of the disease. We report the clinical, neurocognitive, social cognitive and psychiatric characterization of a patient with 49,XYYYY syndrome. The patient presented with a complex phenotype including a particular cognitive profile with intellectual deficiency and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with limited interests. Moreover, social anxiety disorder with selective mutism and separation anxiety disorder were observed (DSM-5 criteria, MINI Assessment). It is now admitted that 49,XYYYY has unique medical, neurodevelopmental and behavioural characteristics. Interesting...

Les Cahiers Du Musee Des Confluences, 2009

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2016

Médecine du Sommeil, 2008

Sleep, 2003

We owe it to Thomas Willis for the first description of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in wakefulne... more We owe it to Thomas Willis for the first description of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in wakefulness. Written in Latin, this study dates from 1672 and is one of the oldest observations in the history of sleep medicine [68]. But it was only in 1945 that Eckbom identified these disorders as a distinct condition [15].

Sleep and Quality of Life in Clinical Medicine

... Page 6. 296 Nicolas • Whether sleep-oriented therapy could ameliorate QOL of OCD patients? Re... more ... Page 6. 296 Nicolas • Whether sleep-oriented therapy could ameliorate QOL of OCD patients? References ... 42. Murray CJL, Lopez AD. The global burden of disease. Boston (MA) Harvard University Press; 1996. 43. Sorensen CB, Kirkeby L, Thomsen PH. Quality of life with OCD. ...

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Presse médicale (Paris, France : 1983), Jan 10, 2001

A COMMON DISORDER: Sleep is one of the most often altered functions in elderly people. Obviously,... more A COMMON DISORDER: Sleep is one of the most often altered functions in elderly people. Obviously, insomnia is one of the main complain, inducing benzodiazepine (BSD) abuse, but we must keep in mind that sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are also frequent in this group of age. After exclusion of the various age-related conditions that could induce sleep disorders, we must focalise on primary and secondary sleep disorders. As an introduction, methods of sleep analysis are described and qualitative and quantitative sleep variables are given. PHYSIOLOGICAL SLEEP: Comparing the sleep of elderly people to the one of young adult give us the opportunity to define the limits of the physiological sleep aging. It seems that the main age-induced sleep disturbances are problems to maintain sleep and chronobiological disorganisation of the sleep-wake rhythm, both responsible for insomnia complains. It is important to note that SAS and RLS prevalence are correlated with ...

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 2015