Ashot Alexanyan | Yerevan State University (original) (raw)
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Papers by Ashot Alexanyan
Journal of Political Science: Bulletin of Yerevan University, 2022
This article analyzes the non-resilience nature of the social partnership of labor relations in A... more This article analyzes the non-resilience nature of the social partnership of labor relations in Armenia after the Velvet Revolution and the legitimate change of public authority in 2018. Reimagining the agenda of European integration, democratization and anti-corruption policies implies strengthening the social dimension of trade unions and effectively protecting the social rights and freedoms of workers and their labor interests. The civiliarchic significance of social partnership in post-revolutionary Armenia should help reduce social inequality among social groups and strata, as well as develop a dialogue between business and labor. The result of social dialogue should be a gradual improvement in the quality of life and humanization of labor relations, as well as a civilized resolution of social conflicts. Particular attention in the article is paid to the legal and legitimate dimensions of social partnership in labor relations of the post-revolutionary Armenian society. In this sense, the article analyzes the Constitution, legal norms, national legislation, public authorities, European and international governmental organizations and their conventions and resolutions, through the effective implementation of which the new government has tried to ensure the rule of law since 2018, thereby minimizing informal norms of labor behavior, shadow economy and employment.
to the UN Resident Coordinator.
This paper focuses on the post-Soviet space actors of social policy, for the purpose of practical... more This paper focuses on the post-Soviet space actors of social policy, for the purpose of practical implementation of principles of social partnership; gradually create necessary conditions for the further growth of economy and the social sphere, providing improvement of quality of life, social and legal protection of workers. The modern system of social partnership requires the establishment of the welfare state, a certain level of social protection and security, social standards, social audit, the balance of human and social security. Social audit is a main criterion for the formation of social partnership and dialogue, and public opinion about business, trade unions and government. The social partnership on the Post-Soviet space is carried out on: a) the national (federal) level, and b) inter-regional level, and c) the regional level, and d) sectoral level (sectoral agreements), and e) the territorial level (municipality), e) a local level (collective contracts). Social consequences of a market economy, especially social and labor sphere justify the relevance of the mechanisms of social partnership. The evolution of social partnership and the activities of the main actors of social policy show the importance of social partnership, as a method of coordinating the interests and conflict resolution is very effective. Stages of development of social partnership and the formation of the International Labour Organization (ILO), the directions and methods of its activities, key documents play an important role in the institutionalization of social dialogue in the modern market economy.
This paper discusses interinstitutional relations of the civiliarchic effect from potential coope... more This paper discusses interinstitutional relations of the civiliarchic effect from potential cooperation among WBSR countries. In particular, I emphasize the establishment of the interregional mechanism for human rights protection and NGOs network. Democratization of the public institutions in the WBSR is a part of the International, Interregional integration, where the role of civil society institutions and Intergovernmental cooperation is significant. This will be a new mechanism of regional civil power and civiliarchic democracy that will be contributed to peaceful stability through balance of national power. An important observation is that the glocal activity of civil society institutes also concentrates on realization of interests of authority with the uttermost consideration of the widest spectrum of pluralistic interests. Civil society institutes of promote divisions and redistributions of ways of regional authority, realization of political mobilization of citizens, decisionmaking, the control over political elites, citizens -to all this display of civiliarchic control realization by political actors.
Trade unions contribute worldwide to achieving the millennium development goals. The unions’ mand... more Trade unions contribute worldwide to achieving the millennium development goals. The unions’ mandate implicitly or explicitly comprises the eight objectives. For example: 1. Through collective bargaining, trade unions contribute to better wages and ensure equal pay for equal work. Through consultation and bargaining with employers, governments and international financial institutions, trade unions contribute to better living and working conditions, both in the area of policy and in concrete programmes. 2. Trade unions are at the forefront in campaigns for “Education for All”, the elimination of child labour and the promotion of education for girls. 3. Gender equality is prominent in trade union training and trade union campaigns. 4. Public sector unions and health care workers in other unions contribute to reducing child mortality. Collective labour agreements help mothers to combine work and childcare. 5. Better maternity leave has been achieved for many women through trade union action in conjunction with governments and employers. 6. The fight against HIV/Aids has become a trade union priority. Unions have helped achieve a policy of equal treatment, prevention, access to medicines and have contributed to awareness. 7. Trade unions contribute to health and safety and prevention of environmental damage. Trade unions have also taken part in campaigns for clean drinking water, sustainable forestry and clean cities. 8. Solidarity between workers in different parts of the world has led to cooperation and partnerships in campaigns focused, amongst other things, on social equality, compliance with laws, fair trade, debt relief and an increase in budgets for development cooperation.
In 1990, the United Nations published the first Human Development Report (HDR) in which the conce... more In 1990, the United Nations published the first Human Development Report (HDR) in which the concept and measurement of human development was put forth to the development community. Human development, in this literature, focuses on people rather than wealth generation. The 1990 HDR report recognized that statistical aggregates and national income figures have at times obscured the fact that the primary objective of development is to benefit people. Thus, the approach rejected an exclusive focus on the growth of gross national product (GNP) and a top-down, externally-driven strategy for developing countries. Although, the approach recognized wealth generation as important for achieving certain ends; the primary concern shifted to the reduction of human deprivation, the creation of human capabilities and the unleashing of “processes that enlarge people’s choices”. These choices include the capability to lead a long healthy life, to be educated, to acquire knowledge, to have access to the resources required for achieving a decent standard of living, to have political freedom, to have social freedom, and to have economic freedom. As such, this approach focuses on capabilities and conceptualizes human development as the enhancement of capability and freedom, coined as the ‘capability approach’. The ‘capability approach’ is based on the ideas put forth by Sen in a number of his works, including his book Development as Freedom. The ‘capability approach’ takes what “people are actually able to do or be” as its point of reference. A person’s capability refers to the feasible set or sets of functions that circumstances allow him or her to achieve. As Sen says, ‘‘capability is thus a kind of freedom: the substantive freedom to achieve alternative functioning combinations (or less formally put, the freedom to achieve various lifestyles)’’.
Teaching Documents by Ashot Alexanyan
Journal of Political Science: Bulletin of Yerevan University, 2022
This article analyzes the non-resilience nature of the social partnership of labor relations in A... more This article analyzes the non-resilience nature of the social partnership of labor relations in Armenia after the Velvet Revolution and the legitimate change of public authority in 2018. Reimagining the agenda of European integration, democratization and anti-corruption policies implies strengthening the social dimension of trade unions and effectively protecting the social rights and freedoms of workers and their labor interests. The civiliarchic significance of social partnership in post-revolutionary Armenia should help reduce social inequality among social groups and strata, as well as develop a dialogue between business and labor. The result of social dialogue should be a gradual improvement in the quality of life and humanization of labor relations, as well as a civilized resolution of social conflicts. Particular attention in the article is paid to the legal and legitimate dimensions of social partnership in labor relations of the post-revolutionary Armenian society. In this sense, the article analyzes the Constitution, legal norms, national legislation, public authorities, European and international governmental organizations and their conventions and resolutions, through the effective implementation of which the new government has tried to ensure the rule of law since 2018, thereby minimizing informal norms of labor behavior, shadow economy and employment.
to the UN Resident Coordinator.
This paper focuses on the post-Soviet space actors of social policy, for the purpose of practical... more This paper focuses on the post-Soviet space actors of social policy, for the purpose of practical implementation of principles of social partnership; gradually create necessary conditions for the further growth of economy and the social sphere, providing improvement of quality of life, social and legal protection of workers. The modern system of social partnership requires the establishment of the welfare state, a certain level of social protection and security, social standards, social audit, the balance of human and social security. Social audit is a main criterion for the formation of social partnership and dialogue, and public opinion about business, trade unions and government. The social partnership on the Post-Soviet space is carried out on: a) the national (federal) level, and b) inter-regional level, and c) the regional level, and d) sectoral level (sectoral agreements), and e) the territorial level (municipality), e) a local level (collective contracts). Social consequences of a market economy, especially social and labor sphere justify the relevance of the mechanisms of social partnership. The evolution of social partnership and the activities of the main actors of social policy show the importance of social partnership, as a method of coordinating the interests and conflict resolution is very effective. Stages of development of social partnership and the formation of the International Labour Organization (ILO), the directions and methods of its activities, key documents play an important role in the institutionalization of social dialogue in the modern market economy.
This paper discusses interinstitutional relations of the civiliarchic effect from potential coope... more This paper discusses interinstitutional relations of the civiliarchic effect from potential cooperation among WBSR countries. In particular, I emphasize the establishment of the interregional mechanism for human rights protection and NGOs network. Democratization of the public institutions in the WBSR is a part of the International, Interregional integration, where the role of civil society institutions and Intergovernmental cooperation is significant. This will be a new mechanism of regional civil power and civiliarchic democracy that will be contributed to peaceful stability through balance of national power. An important observation is that the glocal activity of civil society institutes also concentrates on realization of interests of authority with the uttermost consideration of the widest spectrum of pluralistic interests. Civil society institutes of promote divisions and redistributions of ways of regional authority, realization of political mobilization of citizens, decisionmaking, the control over political elites, citizens -to all this display of civiliarchic control realization by political actors.
Trade unions contribute worldwide to achieving the millennium development goals. The unions’ mand... more Trade unions contribute worldwide to achieving the millennium development goals. The unions’ mandate implicitly or explicitly comprises the eight objectives. For example: 1. Through collective bargaining, trade unions contribute to better wages and ensure equal pay for equal work. Through consultation and bargaining with employers, governments and international financial institutions, trade unions contribute to better living and working conditions, both in the area of policy and in concrete programmes. 2. Trade unions are at the forefront in campaigns for “Education for All”, the elimination of child labour and the promotion of education for girls. 3. Gender equality is prominent in trade union training and trade union campaigns. 4. Public sector unions and health care workers in other unions contribute to reducing child mortality. Collective labour agreements help mothers to combine work and childcare. 5. Better maternity leave has been achieved for many women through trade union action in conjunction with governments and employers. 6. The fight against HIV/Aids has become a trade union priority. Unions have helped achieve a policy of equal treatment, prevention, access to medicines and have contributed to awareness. 7. Trade unions contribute to health and safety and prevention of environmental damage. Trade unions have also taken part in campaigns for clean drinking water, sustainable forestry and clean cities. 8. Solidarity between workers in different parts of the world has led to cooperation and partnerships in campaigns focused, amongst other things, on social equality, compliance with laws, fair trade, debt relief and an increase in budgets for development cooperation.
In 1990, the United Nations published the first Human Development Report (HDR) in which the conce... more In 1990, the United Nations published the first Human Development Report (HDR) in which the concept and measurement of human development was put forth to the development community. Human development, in this literature, focuses on people rather than wealth generation. The 1990 HDR report recognized that statistical aggregates and national income figures have at times obscured the fact that the primary objective of development is to benefit people. Thus, the approach rejected an exclusive focus on the growth of gross national product (GNP) and a top-down, externally-driven strategy for developing countries. Although, the approach recognized wealth generation as important for achieving certain ends; the primary concern shifted to the reduction of human deprivation, the creation of human capabilities and the unleashing of “processes that enlarge people’s choices”. These choices include the capability to lead a long healthy life, to be educated, to acquire knowledge, to have access to the resources required for achieving a decent standard of living, to have political freedom, to have social freedom, and to have economic freedom. As such, this approach focuses on capabilities and conceptualizes human development as the enhancement of capability and freedom, coined as the ‘capability approach’. The ‘capability approach’ is based on the ideas put forth by Sen in a number of his works, including his book Development as Freedom. The ‘capability approach’ takes what “people are actually able to do or be” as its point of reference. A person’s capability refers to the feasible set or sets of functions that circumstances allow him or her to achieve. As Sen says, ‘‘capability is thus a kind of freedom: the substantive freedom to achieve alternative functioning combinations (or less formally put, the freedom to achieve various lifestyles)’’.