Ennio A Carnevale | York University (original) (raw)

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Papers by Ennio A Carnevale

The bio-hydrogen production from food waste was evaluated by means of experimental analysis and k... more The bio-hydrogen production from food waste was evaluated by means of experimental analysis and kinetic model. Biochemical hydrogen potential tests and the application of the modified Gompertz equation were performed. Batch test results showed a production of 48.9 NlH2/kgTVSsub while the kinetic model well fitted the experimental curve with a correlation coefficient of 0.998. Experimental and model data fell within the range reported by previous researches on bio-hydrogen production from food waste.

Lidia Lombardi, Niccolò Cusano University (IT) lidia.lombardi@unicusano.it Luca Cipriano, Industr... more Lidia Lombardi, Niccolò Cusano University (IT) lidia.lombardi@unicusano.it Luca Cipriano, Industrial Engineering Department, University of Florence (IT) Jouni Havukainen, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta University of Technology (FI) Mika Horttanainen, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta University of Technology (FI) Mari Hupponen, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta University of Technology (FI) Miia Liikanen, LUT School of Energy Systems, Lappeenranta University of Technology (FI) Ennio Carnevale, Industrial Engineering Department, University of Florence (IT)

Physica Status Solidi (a) applications and materials science, Apr 25, 2014

ABSTRACT Nanoporous films of TiO2 have been obtained by deposition on an alumina substrate of a c... more ABSTRACT Nanoporous films of TiO2 have been obtained by deposition on an alumina substrate of a commercial colloid and Au contacts have been put on surface for in-plane conductivity measurements. Samples have been characterized by means of a series of sequential thermally stimulated currents scans, from nearly liquid He temperature up to 200 K, in order to get information on: conduction mechanisms, distribution of intragap density of states and recombination times of free an localized carriers. A model for hopping conductivity has been considered to properly take into account of localized states filling; it has been used to fit the experimental data, without a-priori assumptions on the nature of the conduction mechanisms. It is found that hopping conductivity prevails over free-carrier, in quasi-equilibrium regime, in the investigated temperature range.

max min T cost per kWh—electric per period percentage of energy consumed latitude efficiency sola... more max min T cost per kWh—electric per period percentage of energy consumed latitude efficiency solar declination electric electricity billing period mean maximum minimum total hours per day considered THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

The separate collection of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) is gaining popularity through several countries... more The separate collection of Used Cooking Oil (UCO) is gaining popularity through several countries in Europe. One possibility of recovery the UCO is to feed it to internal combustion engine (ICE) for combined heat and power production (CHP). The collected used cooking oil is generally not suitable for direct use in the ICE, so a pre-treatment process is required based on heating to about 50 °C, in order to decrease the oil viscosity for the further treatments, and consisting of mainly large particles removal by sieving, decanting and sedimentation, in order to remove the smallest particles, and final storage. The possibility of pre-treating the UCO and feed it to ICE was studied in reference to a study case territory where it is estimated to collect about 800 t/year of UCO in the short term. UCO can be also used as s raw material for biodiesel production, which is obtained as a result of chemical processes of trans-esterification and oil separation. In this study, five scenarios, rep...

This paper reports the results of the tests carried out on a pilot plant built around the concept... more This paper reports the results of the tests carried out on a pilot plant built around the concept of an innovative biogas upgrading method, to produce biomethane, based on the use of solid residues from waste incineration for CO2 capture. The proposed upgrading method is based on the idea of putting in series two processes, studied in a previous project. In particular the two steps in series process is based first on the direct carbon dioxide adsorption from biogas using bottom ash, followed by absorption with regenerated alkali solutions process, where air pollution control residues are used for regeneration. Results showed that the process is able to effectively produce biomethane. The residues requirement for industrial operation was estimated for different biogas upgrading plant sizes, highlighting a quite high request of bottom ash and low request for air pollution control residues.

0956-053X/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.07.019 ⇑ Corresponding ... more 0956-053X/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.07.019 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 055 4796349; fax E-mail address: lidia.lombardi@unifit.it (L. Lombar In this paper, two alternative thermo-chemical processes for waste treatment were analysed: high temperature gasification and gasification associated to plasma process. The two processes were analysed from the thermodynamic point of view, trying to reconstruct two simplified models, using appropriate simulation tools and some support data from existing/planned plants, able to predict the energy recovery performances by process application. In order to carry out a comparative analysis, the same waste stream input was considered as input to the two models and the generated results were compared. The performances were compared with those that can be obtained from conventional combustion with energy recovery process by means of steam turbine cycle. Results are reported in terms of energy recovery performan...

$Research paper thumbnail of Potential evaluation and technology comparison for anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of MSW$

Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Landslides (Napoli, Italy, 12-19 June 2016), 2016

Nowadays, population growth and expansion into geologically unstable areas is raising hydrogeolog... more Nowadays, population growth and expansion into geologically unstable areas is raising hydrogeological risk in Europe. In addition, an increase of landslide events is expected in the future due to climate change and the ever increasing exploitation of underground resources is bound to augment subsidence rates and areas. Thus, there is a clear need for tools able to reduce such risks. Continuous and reliable field monitoring, possibly associated with early warning systems, are essential tools for hazard assessment and ground instability risk management (Intrieri et al., 2012). Within this framework, “Wi-GIM: Wireless sensor network for ground instability monitoring” project, a LIFE+ European project (LIFE12 ENV/IT/001033) was born. Its aim is the implementation of a low-cost, accurate and flexible wireless sensor network for ground deformation monitoring by means of an innovative integration of two radio technologies: 1) the LB technology used for the acquisition of the 3D coordinates of the sensor position with an error radius with meter magnitude; 2) the CWR, able to decrease the error radius down to centimeter magnitude. The working principle of Wi-GIM is to create a mesh of slave nodes whose position is triangulated during time by master nodes, which measure and transmit these data that can then be used to obtain 3D displacement maps. We expect that Wi-GIM can work either in conjunction with traditional monitoring systems or substituting them in areas where the available resources are scarce, giving the local authorities and Civil Protection a useful tool for understanding landslide dynamics and for furnishing early warnings. In order to demonstrate the applicability of Wi-GIM to such landslides and subsidence alike, two case studies have been carefully selected: Roncovetro landslide (Emilia Romagna, Italy) and Sallent (Catalunya, Spain).

The purpose of this study is to compare the environmental impacts of three different mixed Munici... more The purpose of this study is to compare the environmental impacts of three different mixed Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) scenarios, by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. Starting from the analysis of local mixed MSW management strategies in a territory of central Italy, two additional scenarios were proposed for comparison. The first scenario actually represents the real situation in the study case area and it is mainly based on mechanical pre-treatment of the mixed MSW followed by biological stabilization of wet fraction and incineration of dry fraction in a waste-to-energy plant (S0). Scenarios 1-2 were built around the same entering waste flows of scenario S0, but applying different treatments. Scenario 1 (S1) is based on direct waste-to-energy of total mixed MSW; while in scenario 2 (S2), all the mixed MSW is disposed of in landfill. The Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) results are here reported only in term of global warming potential (GWP) indicator. Results show that the ...

Journal of Cleaner Production

Engineering Geology

Ground displacement monitoring is one of the most important aspects of early warning systems and ... more Ground displacement monitoring is one of the most important aspects of early warning systems and risk management strategies when addressing phenomena such as landslides or subsidence. Several types of instrumentation already exist, but those able to provide real-time warnings on multiple time series are typically based on expensive technology, highlighting the need to develop a low-cost, easy to install system suitable for emergency monitoring. Therefore, a wireless network based on ultra-wideband impulse radiofrequency technology has been realized. The novelty of this network consists of its ability to measure the distance between nodes using the same signals used for transmission without the need for an actual measurement sensor. The system was tested by monitoring a mudflow in Central Italy and revealed its suitability as an early warning tool. More research on the integration of future low-cost hardware and eventual industrialization would provide further improvement to this promising technology.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 5, 2018

A thorough study on the distribution of defect-related active energy levels has been performed on... more A thorough study on the distribution of defect-related active energy levels has been performed on nanocrystalline TiO₂. Films have been deposited on thick-alumina printed circuit boards equipped with electrical contacts, heater and temperature sensors, to carry out a detailed thermally stimulated currents analysis on a wide temperature range (5-630 K), in view to evidence contributions from shallow to deep energy levels within the gap. Data have been processed by numerically modelling electrical transport. The model considers both free and hopping contribution to conduction, a density of states characterized by an exponential tail of localized states below the conduction band and the convolution of standard Thermally Stimulated Currents (TSC) emissions with gaussian distributions to take into account the variability in energy due to local perturbations in the highly disordered network. Results show that in the low temperature range, up to 200 K, hopping within the exponential band t...