Hassan A Hashem | Zagazig University (original) (raw)
Papers by Hassan A Hashem
Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1987
Arsenic(III), antimony (III), and bismuth(III) oxides, sodium arsenite and bismuthate react with ... more Arsenic(III), antimony (III), and bismuth(III) oxides, sodium arsenite and bismuthate react with methanesulfonic anhydride, (CH3)2S2O5, to yield M(SO3CH3)3 (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III)), Na[AsO(SO3CH3)2], and Na[Bi(SO3CH3)4], respectively, in quantitative yield. Reaction of arsenic(III) oxide with pure methanesulfonic acid yields oxo(methanesulfonato)arsenic(III), AsO(SO3CH3), which behaves as a non-electrolyte in 100% methanesulfonic acid. The compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductance, infrared, 1H nmr and thermal measurements. Their properties have been studied by ligand substitution and complex formation reactions. The M(SO3CH3)3 (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III)) compounds are capable of functioning both as Lewis acids and bases. These compounds exhibit basic behaviour in 100% methanesulfonic acid. The synthesis of complex mathanesulfonates Cs[M(SO3CH3)4] (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III)) is also described.
Scientific Reports
Cadmium lead bismuthate glasses in the system xCdO–(1−x)[0.5PbO + 0.5Bi2O3](40 mol% ≤ x ≤ 90 mol%... more Cadmium lead bismuthate glasses in the system xCdO–(1−x)[0.5PbO + 0.5Bi2O3](40 mol% ≤ x ≤ 90 mol%) were successfully prepared by melt-quenching method. The structural and elastic properties have been investigated using XRD, FTIR and ultrasonic pulse–echo techniques. The XRD patterns confirmed the amorphous nature of the samples prepared. Density and ultrasonic velocity data were used to evaluate various elastic properties. Addition of CdO gave rise to decreased density and molar volume and increased elastic moduli, micro-hardness, and Debye temperature. The FTIR analysis revealed that increasing CdO content enhances the BiO6 octahedral sites at the expense of the BiO3 and PbO4 units. This results in the formation of Pb–O–Bi(6) and Bi(3)–O–Bi(6) linkages in the glass network, which stiffen the structure and improve the elastic properties. A correlation between elastic and compositional parameters was achieved on the basis of theories and approaches in the field.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Oct 14, 2022
The first, novel solid-state membrane sensor for Zn(II) determination is developed based on ZnS n... more The first, novel solid-state membrane sensor for Zn(II) determination is developed based on ZnS nanoparticles. ZnS nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical co-precipitation and investigated via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and impedance study. X-ray diffraction shows that the prepared ZnS nanoparticles have an average domain size of 5.72 nm, which is very close to the particle size obtained from TEM observations (6.30 nm). The ZnS nanoparticles are pressed into disks and examined as electroactive solid-state membrane. Solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors are fabricated. They display linear responses over concentration ranges of 1.0 × 10 −5 to 1.0 × 10 −1 mol L −1 Zn 2+ ions with cationic slopes of 28.9±0.2 and 25.9±0.2 mV decade −1 for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors, respectively. The lower limits of detection are 2.86 × 10 −6 and 4.60 × 10 −6 mol L −1 Zn 2+ ions for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors, respectively. The response time for the two sensors is instantaneous (1 s), and the useful lifetimes for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors are long (10 and 6 months, respectively). The solid-state membrane sensor is utilized for the quantification of Zn(II) ions in brass alloys and pharmaceutical preparations.
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2015
Sn-9Zn lead-free solders possess remarkable potential as candidates for low temperature electroni... more Sn-9Zn lead-free solders possess remarkable potential as candidates for low temperature electronic applications. In this study, it is proposed to utilize the advantages of Bi alloying and reducing the amount of Zn to improve oxidation resistance and reliability of eutectic Sn-9Zn solder. The results indicate that hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn alloy composed of b-Sn-rich phase and a-Zn fiber. 1.0 wt Bi addition caused a strong inhibition of a-Zn fiber inside the alloy matrix. Moreover, the fiber spacing of a-Zn phase increased and its diameter decreased. With increasing Bi content to 3.0 wt, small bright of Bi particles are observed. The addition of Bi could effectively reduce the onset and eutectic temperatures, while the amount of undercooling\1.0°C was recorded. The tensile strength of Bi-containing solders was enhanced to about 180 %, although the ductility was slightly decreased. The higher strength was contributed by solid solution effect and precipitations hardening of Bi atoms or particles, which can remarkably modify the microstructure, blocks the dislocation motion and increases the tensile strength of Bi-containing solders.
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Materials & Design, 2015
Hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn alloy may be regarded as a better choice than eutectic Sn-9Zn lead-free sol... more Hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn alloy may be regarded as a better choice than eutectic Sn-9Zn lead-free solder in microelectronics industry. In this study, the properties of hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn lead-free solder were modified with minor additions of Cu. SEM investigations reveal that the plain Sn-6.5Zn solder exhibits large number of undesirable acicular structure of angular needle-like Zn particles at the solder matrix. The acicular-shape morphology of Zn was remarkably suppressed after Cu modification. Moreover, a new type of small flower-like c-Cu 5 Zn 8 intermetallic compound (IMC) was detected with 0.5 wt.% Cu added specimens. The flower-like morphology of c-Cu 5 Zn 8 IMC appears to cause a sharp increase in Young's modulus, yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of Cu modified solder. However, this effectiveness is reduced when 1.5 wt.% Cu addition starts to enhance the growth of coarse dendrite morphology of c-Cu 5 Zn 8 phase with enlarged b-Sn matrix. In addition, a 1.5 wt.% Cu addition was found to induce undesirable effects on the degree of undercooling, melting temperature and pasty range. Constitutive Garofalo model was assembled based on the experimental data of Sn-6.5Zn lead-free solders.
Acta Crystallogr E Struct Rep, 2007
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1992
Nanocomposite hydroxyl apatite phase of calcium phosphate powder has been successfully synthesize... more Nanocomposite hydroxyl apatite phase of calcium phosphate powder has been successfully synthesized employing coprecipitation technique. Structural characterization utilizing X-Ray Diffraction, SEM and FTIR techniques was achieved. To confirm the thermal stability of the obtained powder TGA and DSC measurements over wide range of temperatures were carried out. Moreover the dielectric constants ε' and ε'' were measured over wide range of temperature and frequency of applied electric field. Besides, density estimation was achieved by means of CT (ROI) for the obtained powder and compared with that of natural human bone. Finally the effect of Gamma-Ray on the density of nano calcium phosphate was investigated as a simulation to human bone.
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1994
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 1996
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 2008
Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, 2007
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 1996
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2015
Applied Physics A Materials Science & Processing, 1995
... r/ne. (2) The mobility was calculated over a wide range of temper-atures (300-773 K) forCul-~... more ... r/ne. (2) The mobility was calculated over a wide range of temper-atures (300-773 K) forCul-~TixFe204 with 0 ~< x ~< 0.5. ... References 1. NF Mott: Metal-Insulator Transitions (Taylor &Francis, London 1990) 2. TE Whall, KK Yeung, YG Proykova, VAM Brabers: Philos. Mag. ...
Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2015
Analysis of the natural activities of radionuclides, heavy metals, and other poisonous elements i... more Analysis of the natural activities of radionuclides, heavy metals, and other poisonous elements in lead-free Sn-6.5Zn solders with different alloying elements, Journal of Taibah University for Science (2015), http://dx.
Stoichiometric SnS films were prepared, using the thermal evaporation technique, on clean glass s... more Stoichiometric SnS films were prepared, using the thermal evaporation technique, on clean glass substrates. According to x-ray investigations, the as-deposited films were in a partially crystalline state. The dielectric properties of the samples have been studied in the temperature range of 300-573 K and at different fixed frequencies (1, 10, and 100 kHz). The temperature dependence of ε′, ε″, tan δ, σac, and σdc has been found, and a dielectric dispersion and Debye relaxation phenomena were noted. The activation energies, due to dc conductivity, ac conductivity and relaxation processes at different thicknesses, have been deduced. Thermodynamic parameters such as the free energy of activation ΔF, the enthalpy ΔH, and the change in entropy ΔS have been calculated. The results are discussed in terms of Debye relaxation, dispersion processes, and the defect states.
Fizika A
A differential scanning calorimetry technique was used to study the crystallization kinetics of S... more A differential scanning calorimetry technique was used to study the crystallization kinetics of Sb10Ge10Se80 chalcogenide glass under non-isothermal conditions. The crystallization parameters such as the order parameter (n), the frequency factor (k0), the activation energy of crystallization (Ec), the activation energy of glass transition (Eg) and the activation energy of nucleation (En) were determined. The value of Ec was deduced by means of six methods and the average value was found to be equal to (76.10 ±11.10) kJmol-1. The most suitable method for crystallization kinetic studies was the Augis-Bennett approximated method at different heating rates, while the method of Coats-Redfern-Sestak was the most suitable one at constant heating rate. The results have been discussed on the basis of theoretical principles.
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1992
ABSTRACT The mixed ferrite Cu1−xTixFe2O4 (where x = 0 to 0.7) are prepared by the ceramic method.... more ABSTRACT The mixed ferrite Cu1−xTixFe2O4 (where x = 0 to 0.7) are prepared by the ceramic method. X-ray diffraction and IR absorption spectra in the range from 200 to 1000 cm−1 are used for analysing the compositions. It is observed that samples with x ≦ 0.4 exhibit spinel phase, whereas for x > 0.4 mixed phases of spinel and zincblende may be formed. For single phase x ≦ 0.4, the theoretical lattice parameter (ath) is in good agreement with the experimental value (aexp), which is of the order of 0.833 nm. The presence of Fe2+ ion in the A-site for all samples is realized and the entrance of Ti4+ ion into the A-site just starts at x = 0.4. Some physical properties such as density, porosity, shrinkage, and conductivity at room temperature are studied.Cu1−xTixFe2O4-Mischkristalle (x = 0 bis 0,7) werden mit einer keramischen Methode hergestellt. Röntgenbeugung und IR-Absorptionsspektren im Bereich von 200 bis 1000 cm−1 werden zur Analyse der Zusammensetzung benutzt. Proben mit x ≦ 0,4 zeigen Spinellstruktur, für x > 0,4 entstehen Mischphasen aus Spinell und Zinkblende. Im Einphasenbereich x ≦ 0,4 stimmt der theoretische Gitterparameter ath gut mit dem experimentellen Wert aexp ≈ 0,833 nm überein. Das Auftreten von Fe2+ auf A-Plätzen wird für alle Proben gefunden, das von Ti4+ auf A-Plätzen beginnt bei x = 0,4. Einige Eigenschaften, wie Dichte, Porosität, Schwund und Leitfähigkeit, werden bei Raumtemperatur untersucht.
Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1987
Arsenic(III), antimony (III), and bismuth(III) oxides, sodium arsenite and bismuthate react with ... more Arsenic(III), antimony (III), and bismuth(III) oxides, sodium arsenite and bismuthate react with methanesulfonic anhydride, (CH3)2S2O5, to yield M(SO3CH3)3 (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III)), Na[AsO(SO3CH3)2], and Na[Bi(SO3CH3)4], respectively, in quantitative yield. Reaction of arsenic(III) oxide with pure methanesulfonic acid yields oxo(methanesulfonato)arsenic(III), AsO(SO3CH3), which behaves as a non-electrolyte in 100% methanesulfonic acid. The compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductance, infrared, 1H nmr and thermal measurements. Their properties have been studied by ligand substitution and complex formation reactions. The M(SO3CH3)3 (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III)) compounds are capable of functioning both as Lewis acids and bases. These compounds exhibit basic behaviour in 100% methanesulfonic acid. The synthesis of complex mathanesulfonates Cs[M(SO3CH3)4] (M = As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III)) is also described.
Scientific Reports
Cadmium lead bismuthate glasses in the system xCdO–(1−x)[0.5PbO + 0.5Bi2O3](40 mol% ≤ x ≤ 90 mol%... more Cadmium lead bismuthate glasses in the system xCdO–(1−x)[0.5PbO + 0.5Bi2O3](40 mol% ≤ x ≤ 90 mol%) were successfully prepared by melt-quenching method. The structural and elastic properties have been investigated using XRD, FTIR and ultrasonic pulse–echo techniques. The XRD patterns confirmed the amorphous nature of the samples prepared. Density and ultrasonic velocity data were used to evaluate various elastic properties. Addition of CdO gave rise to decreased density and molar volume and increased elastic moduli, micro-hardness, and Debye temperature. The FTIR analysis revealed that increasing CdO content enhances the BiO6 octahedral sites at the expense of the BiO3 and PbO4 units. This results in the formation of Pb–O–Bi(6) and Bi(3)–O–Bi(6) linkages in the glass network, which stiffen the structure and improve the elastic properties. A correlation between elastic and compositional parameters was achieved on the basis of theories and approaches in the field.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Oct 14, 2022
The first, novel solid-state membrane sensor for Zn(II) determination is developed based on ZnS n... more The first, novel solid-state membrane sensor for Zn(II) determination is developed based on ZnS nanoparticles. ZnS nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical co-precipitation and investigated via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and impedance study. X-ray diffraction shows that the prepared ZnS nanoparticles have an average domain size of 5.72 nm, which is very close to the particle size obtained from TEM observations (6.30 nm). The ZnS nanoparticles are pressed into disks and examined as electroactive solid-state membrane. Solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors are fabricated. They display linear responses over concentration ranges of 1.0 × 10 −5 to 1.0 × 10 −1 mol L −1 Zn 2+ ions with cationic slopes of 28.9±0.2 and 25.9±0.2 mV decade −1 for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors, respectively. The lower limits of detection are 2.86 × 10 −6 and 4.60 × 10 −6 mol L −1 Zn 2+ ions for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors, respectively. The response time for the two sensors is instantaneous (1 s), and the useful lifetimes for the solid-state membrane and coated wire sensors are long (10 and 6 months, respectively). The solid-state membrane sensor is utilized for the quantification of Zn(II) ions in brass alloys and pharmaceutical preparations.
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2015
Sn-9Zn lead-free solders possess remarkable potential as candidates for low temperature electroni... more Sn-9Zn lead-free solders possess remarkable potential as candidates for low temperature electronic applications. In this study, it is proposed to utilize the advantages of Bi alloying and reducing the amount of Zn to improve oxidation resistance and reliability of eutectic Sn-9Zn solder. The results indicate that hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn alloy composed of b-Sn-rich phase and a-Zn fiber. 1.0 wt Bi addition caused a strong inhibition of a-Zn fiber inside the alloy matrix. Moreover, the fiber spacing of a-Zn phase increased and its diameter decreased. With increasing Bi content to 3.0 wt, small bright of Bi particles are observed. The addition of Bi could effectively reduce the onset and eutectic temperatures, while the amount of undercooling\1.0°C was recorded. The tensile strength of Bi-containing solders was enhanced to about 180 %, although the ductility was slightly decreased. The higher strength was contributed by solid solution effect and precipitations hardening of Bi atoms or particles, which can remarkably modify the microstructure, blocks the dislocation motion and increases the tensile strength of Bi-containing solders.
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Materials & Design, 2015
Hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn alloy may be regarded as a better choice than eutectic Sn-9Zn lead-free sol... more Hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn alloy may be regarded as a better choice than eutectic Sn-9Zn lead-free solder in microelectronics industry. In this study, the properties of hypoeutectic Sn-6.5Zn lead-free solder were modified with minor additions of Cu. SEM investigations reveal that the plain Sn-6.5Zn solder exhibits large number of undesirable acicular structure of angular needle-like Zn particles at the solder matrix. The acicular-shape morphology of Zn was remarkably suppressed after Cu modification. Moreover, a new type of small flower-like c-Cu 5 Zn 8 intermetallic compound (IMC) was detected with 0.5 wt.% Cu added specimens. The flower-like morphology of c-Cu 5 Zn 8 IMC appears to cause a sharp increase in Young's modulus, yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of Cu modified solder. However, this effectiveness is reduced when 1.5 wt.% Cu addition starts to enhance the growth of coarse dendrite morphology of c-Cu 5 Zn 8 phase with enlarged b-Sn matrix. In addition, a 1.5 wt.% Cu addition was found to induce undesirable effects on the degree of undercooling, melting temperature and pasty range. Constitutive Garofalo model was assembled based on the experimental data of Sn-6.5Zn lead-free solders.
Acta Crystallogr E Struct Rep, 2007
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1992
Nanocomposite hydroxyl apatite phase of calcium phosphate powder has been successfully synthesize... more Nanocomposite hydroxyl apatite phase of calcium phosphate powder has been successfully synthesized employing coprecipitation technique. Structural characterization utilizing X-Ray Diffraction, SEM and FTIR techniques was achieved. To confirm the thermal stability of the obtained powder TGA and DSC measurements over wide range of temperatures were carried out. Moreover the dielectric constants ε' and ε'' were measured over wide range of temperature and frequency of applied electric field. Besides, density estimation was achieved by means of CT (ROI) for the obtained powder and compared with that of natural human bone. Finally the effect of Gamma-Ray on the density of nano calcium phosphate was investigated as a simulation to human bone.
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1994
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 1996
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 2008
Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, 2007
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 1996
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 2015
Applied Physics A Materials Science & Processing, 1995
... r/ne. (2) The mobility was calculated over a wide range of temper-atures (300-773 K) forCul-~... more ... r/ne. (2) The mobility was calculated over a wide range of temper-atures (300-773 K) forCul-~TixFe204 with 0 ~< x ~< 0.5. ... References 1. NF Mott: Metal-Insulator Transitions (Taylor &Francis, London 1990) 2. TE Whall, KK Yeung, YG Proykova, VAM Brabers: Philos. Mag. ...
Journal of Taibah University for Science, 2015
Analysis of the natural activities of radionuclides, heavy metals, and other poisonous elements i... more Analysis of the natural activities of radionuclides, heavy metals, and other poisonous elements in lead-free Sn-6.5Zn solders with different alloying elements, Journal of Taibah University for Science (2015), http://dx.
Stoichiometric SnS films were prepared, using the thermal evaporation technique, on clean glass s... more Stoichiometric SnS films were prepared, using the thermal evaporation technique, on clean glass substrates. According to x-ray investigations, the as-deposited films were in a partially crystalline state. The dielectric properties of the samples have been studied in the temperature range of 300-573 K and at different fixed frequencies (1, 10, and 100 kHz). The temperature dependence of ε′, ε″, tan δ, σac, and σdc has been found, and a dielectric dispersion and Debye relaxation phenomena were noted. The activation energies, due to dc conductivity, ac conductivity and relaxation processes at different thicknesses, have been deduced. Thermodynamic parameters such as the free energy of activation ΔF, the enthalpy ΔH, and the change in entropy ΔS have been calculated. The results are discussed in terms of Debye relaxation, dispersion processes, and the defect states.
Fizika A
A differential scanning calorimetry technique was used to study the crystallization kinetics of S... more A differential scanning calorimetry technique was used to study the crystallization kinetics of Sb10Ge10Se80 chalcogenide glass under non-isothermal conditions. The crystallization parameters such as the order parameter (n), the frequency factor (k0), the activation energy of crystallization (Ec), the activation energy of glass transition (Eg) and the activation energy of nucleation (En) were determined. The value of Ec was deduced by means of six methods and the average value was found to be equal to (76.10 ±11.10) kJmol-1. The most suitable method for crystallization kinetic studies was the Augis-Bennett approximated method at different heating rates, while the method of Coats-Redfern-Sestak was the most suitable one at constant heating rate. The results have been discussed on the basis of theoretical principles.
Physica Status Solidi (a), 1992
ABSTRACT The mixed ferrite Cu1−xTixFe2O4 (where x = 0 to 0.7) are prepared by the ceramic method.... more ABSTRACT The mixed ferrite Cu1−xTixFe2O4 (where x = 0 to 0.7) are prepared by the ceramic method. X-ray diffraction and IR absorption spectra in the range from 200 to 1000 cm−1 are used for analysing the compositions. It is observed that samples with x ≦ 0.4 exhibit spinel phase, whereas for x > 0.4 mixed phases of spinel and zincblende may be formed. For single phase x ≦ 0.4, the theoretical lattice parameter (ath) is in good agreement with the experimental value (aexp), which is of the order of 0.833 nm. The presence of Fe2+ ion in the A-site for all samples is realized and the entrance of Ti4+ ion into the A-site just starts at x = 0.4. Some physical properties such as density, porosity, shrinkage, and conductivity at room temperature are studied.Cu1−xTixFe2O4-Mischkristalle (x = 0 bis 0,7) werden mit einer keramischen Methode hergestellt. Röntgenbeugung und IR-Absorptionsspektren im Bereich von 200 bis 1000 cm−1 werden zur Analyse der Zusammensetzung benutzt. Proben mit x ≦ 0,4 zeigen Spinellstruktur, für x > 0,4 entstehen Mischphasen aus Spinell und Zinkblende. Im Einphasenbereich x ≦ 0,4 stimmt der theoretische Gitterparameter ath gut mit dem experimentellen Wert aexp ≈ 0,833 nm überein. Das Auftreten von Fe2+ auf A-Plätzen wird für alle Proben gefunden, das von Ti4+ auf A-Plätzen beginnt bei x = 0,4. Einige Eigenschaften, wie Dichte, Porosität, Schwund und Leitfähigkeit, werden bei Raumtemperatur untersucht.