kanaan ramadan | University of Zakho (original) (raw)
Papers by kanaan ramadan
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
Studying the activity of any catalyst and selectivity toward special products is easy by selectin... more Studying the activity of any catalyst and selectivity toward special products is easy by selecting a module reaction, and choosing appropriatecondition. In our case the reaction of α-methylstyrene dimerization was a choice to study the activity of mordenite type zeolite crystallized from natural clay mineral (kaolin P-2), and also the selectivity toward dimers.The prepared catalyst in the form of hydrogen showed that the acceptable activity and selectivity to linear dimers were (72.5%), at 80 o C, and atmospheric pressure. Different products from the dimerization of α-methylstyrene over prepared catalyst was investigated, and the conversion rate reached to 73%wt.
International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2013
Science Journal of University of Zakho, Mar 30, 2020
Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical ... more Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical and chemical methods analytical research. Crude oil residues 350+ obtain from two Iraq-Kurdistan crudes (Tawke T-21A well and Shekhan PF2 well) by using atmospheric distillation after removing all volatile fractions. The sample characterized by direvatographic method. The thermo analysis, reactions were carried out at temperature range 20700°C for reaction time 68 min. These derivatograph curves show the weight change and heat energy (Enthalpy) change as the function of time and temperature. It shows that the crude oil residues have different composition. The curve which marks the weight changes of the sample heated is the thermogravimetric curve, TGA. Whereas the curve, which records heat energy or enthalpy changes during thermal decomposition is the DTA or differential thermoanalytic. By means of the derivatograph, it is possible to record simultaneously curve of weight change (TG), an...
2020 International Conference on Advanced Science and Engineering (ICOASE), 2020
Most of the methods described in the literature for the preparation of pentasil-containing cataly... more Most of the methods described in the literature for the preparation of pentasil-containing catalysts involves the synthesis of highly dispersed zeolite ZSM-5 in the required cation-decationized forms and subsequent molding in a mixture with a binder material into granules. Information on available and promising for industrial implementation methods for the synthesis of granular materials based on high crystallinity ZSM-5 zeolite with a hierarchical porous structure is absent in the literature. As a result of the studies, a method for the synthesis of granular zeolite ZSM-5 of high phase purity and degree of crystallinity of −100% using tetrabutylammonium bromide as a template was proposed. The method includes the stages of mixing powdered zeolite ZSM-s5 and amorphous alumino silicate, moistening the mixture with water and mechanical granulation, drying and crystallizing the resulting granules. Chemical and X-ray diffraction examination XRD, low temperature N 2 adsorption and SEM (sc...
Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research
Four types of Kurdistan crude oils have been studied to determine the heavy and trace metals. The... more Four types of Kurdistan crude oils have been studied to determine the heavy and trace metals. The significance of determining trace elements that exist in crude oils is helpful for further information about exploration, production and the refining process. In this work crude oil can be separated into products such as (gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and atmospheric distillation residue +350°C) by using atmospheric distillation unit and vacuum distillation unit. The trace metals can be determined with acceptable accuracy and precision by spectroscan MAX-G. However, the values of Ni concentration were the best in accuracy among the group of metals of interest. The average values of the results will be employed as reference values of the trace metal content in the coming discussion and using Ni and V as test elements. The crude oil samples are characterized by with a dominance of V over Ni with a V/Ni ratio of 3.7 to 2.5. Trace element analysis of the five metals in crude oils and atmosphe...
For the first time the synthesis method of powdery mordenite type zeolite based on crystallizatio... more For the first time the synthesis method of powdery mordenite type zeolite based on crystallization of metakaolin in sodium silicate solution at temperature 150 °C for 14 hours is developed. The zeolite having 100 % crystallinity degree crystallized from the reaction mixture (RM) with the composition 2,9Na 2 О ∙ Аl 2 О 3 ∙ 12SiО 2 ∙ 300H 2 O. Previously 10 wt. % crystal seed was introduced in RM, crystallization was carried out under continuous stir - ring. Implementation of the developed method allows to extend the raw materials base, simplify the synthesis and reduce the cost of powdery mordenite type zeolite.
International Journal of Materials Engineering, Jan 7, 2013
Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo... more Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo lite X with different degrees of exchange of cations Na + for cations Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , К + or Н + were synthesized. Based on obtained samples, the adsorption of Н 2 О, СО 2 , С 6 Н 6 and n-С 7 Н 16 in static and dynamic modes is studied. The dependencies of the amount of adsorbed substance on the type and content of exchangeable cations in zeolite X were found.
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other ind... more The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other industries was suggesting. The feedstock using in this study are mixture (T-21A+T-5) Tawke and Shekhan PF2 AT residues were obtained from two Iraqi-Kurdistan crude oils by removing distillates boiling point up to 350°C using the atmospheric distillation unit. The coking processing of AT residues at high temperatures to produce gas, coking distillates and petroleum coke. Coking of AT residues were carried out at temperature 450-460°C and atmospheric pressure, at this temperature, the duration of heat treatment of the feed was 2h. 45 min for Tawke and 2h. 15 min for Shekhan. The choice of temperature and time of the experiments was made on the basis that a lower temperature increases the duration of the process, and at a higher temperature a significant reduction in the duration of the process according to GOST methods, it becomes difficult to obtain the target product with the required cont...
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other ind... more The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other industries was suggesting. The feedstock using in this study are mixture (T-21A+T-5) Tawke and Shekhan PF2 AT residues were obtained from two Iraqi-Kurdistan crude oils by removing distillates boiling point up to 350°C using the atmospheric distillation unit. The coking processing of AT residues at high temperatures to produce gas, coking distillates and petroleum coke. Coking of AT residues were carried out at temperature 450-460°C and atmospheric pressure, at this temperature, the duration of heat treatment of the feed was 2h. 45 min for Tawke and 2h. 15 min for Shekhan. The choice of temperature and time of the experiments was made on the basis that a lower temperature increases the duration of the process, and at a higher temperature a significant reduction in the duration of the process according to GOST methods, it becomes difficult to obtain the target product with the required cont...
Petroleum Chemistry, 2016
International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2012
Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo... more Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo lite X with different degrees of exchange of cations Na + for cations Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , К + or Н + were synthesized. Based on obtained samples, the adsorption of Н 2 О, СО 2 , С 6 Н 6 and n-С 7 Н 16 in static and dynamic modes is studied. The dependencies of the amount of adsorbed substance on the type and content of exchangeable cations in zeolite X were found.
publication descriptionScience Journal of University of Zakho, 2020
In this work, it is shown that based on powder zeolite type Y, mono metallic and bimetallic catal... more In this work, it is shown that based on powder zeolite type Y, mono metallic and bimetallic catalysts have been developed that are promising for petroleum chemistry processes. The method is based on the preparing hydrogen form of Y zeolite by ion exchange with a solution of ammonium nitrate at a starting concentration of 70 g.l-1 and nickel nitrate solution which provides Ni cations. Then after preparation of bimetallic catalysts by impregnating second metal by incipient wetness. All samples and catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis techniques, adsorption methods, and elemental analysis. The research results showed that in order to reach the degree of exchange of Na + for H + cations no less than 0.73, it is necessary to carry out four exchanges of Na + by NH4 + and three intermediate thermal treatments at 540 °C for 3 to 4 hours in air atmosphere.
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2020
Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical ... more Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical and chemical methods analytical research. Crude oil residues 350+ obtain from two Iraq-Kurdistan crudes (Tawke T-21A well and Shekhan PF2 well) by using atmospheric distillation after removing all volatile fractions. The sample characterized by direvatographic method. The thermo analysis, reactions were carried out at temperature range 20- 700℃ for reaction time 68 min. These derivatograph curves show the weight change and heat energy (Enthalpy) change as the function of time and temperature. It shows that the crude oil residues have different composition. The curve which marks the weight changes of the sample heated is the thermogravimetric curve, TGA. Whereas the curve, which records heat energy or enthalpy changes during thermal decomposition is the DTA or differential thermoanalytic. By means of the derivatograph, it is possible to record simultaneously curve of weight change (TG), and enthalpy change (DTA) as a function of temperature. This method analysis shows good evaluation of these two crude oil well.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
Studying the activity of any catalyst and selectivity toward special products is easy by selectin... more Studying the activity of any catalyst and selectivity toward special products is easy by selecting a module reaction, and choosing appropriatecondition. In our case the reaction of α-methylstyrene dimerization was a choice to study the activity of mordenite type zeolite crystallized from natural clay mineral (kaolin P-2), and also the selectivity toward dimers.The prepared catalyst in the form of hydrogen showed that the acceptable activity and selectivity to linear dimers were (72.5%), at 80 o C, and atmospheric pressure. Different products from the dimerization of α-methylstyrene over prepared catalyst was investigated, and the conversion rate reached to 73%wt.
International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2013
Science Journal of University of Zakho, Mar 30, 2020
Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical ... more Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical and chemical methods analytical research. Crude oil residues 350+ obtain from two Iraq-Kurdistan crudes (Tawke T-21A well and Shekhan PF2 well) by using atmospheric distillation after removing all volatile fractions. The sample characterized by direvatographic method. The thermo analysis, reactions were carried out at temperature range 20700°C for reaction time 68 min. These derivatograph curves show the weight change and heat energy (Enthalpy) change as the function of time and temperature. It shows that the crude oil residues have different composition. The curve which marks the weight changes of the sample heated is the thermogravimetric curve, TGA. Whereas the curve, which records heat energy or enthalpy changes during thermal decomposition is the DTA or differential thermoanalytic. By means of the derivatograph, it is possible to record simultaneously curve of weight change (TG), an...
2020 International Conference on Advanced Science and Engineering (ICOASE), 2020
Most of the methods described in the literature for the preparation of pentasil-containing cataly... more Most of the methods described in the literature for the preparation of pentasil-containing catalysts involves the synthesis of highly dispersed zeolite ZSM-5 in the required cation-decationized forms and subsequent molding in a mixture with a binder material into granules. Information on available and promising for industrial implementation methods for the synthesis of granular materials based on high crystallinity ZSM-5 zeolite with a hierarchical porous structure is absent in the literature. As a result of the studies, a method for the synthesis of granular zeolite ZSM-5 of high phase purity and degree of crystallinity of −100% using tetrabutylammonium bromide as a template was proposed. The method includes the stages of mixing powdered zeolite ZSM-s5 and amorphous alumino silicate, moistening the mixture with water and mechanical granulation, drying and crystallizing the resulting granules. Chemical and X-ray diffraction examination XRD, low temperature N 2 adsorption and SEM (sc...
Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research
Four types of Kurdistan crude oils have been studied to determine the heavy and trace metals. The... more Four types of Kurdistan crude oils have been studied to determine the heavy and trace metals. The significance of determining trace elements that exist in crude oils is helpful for further information about exploration, production and the refining process. In this work crude oil can be separated into products such as (gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and atmospheric distillation residue +350°C) by using atmospheric distillation unit and vacuum distillation unit. The trace metals can be determined with acceptable accuracy and precision by spectroscan MAX-G. However, the values of Ni concentration were the best in accuracy among the group of metals of interest. The average values of the results will be employed as reference values of the trace metal content in the coming discussion and using Ni and V as test elements. The crude oil samples are characterized by with a dominance of V over Ni with a V/Ni ratio of 3.7 to 2.5. Trace element analysis of the five metals in crude oils and atmosphe...
For the first time the synthesis method of powdery mordenite type zeolite based on crystallizatio... more For the first time the synthesis method of powdery mordenite type zeolite based on crystallization of metakaolin in sodium silicate solution at temperature 150 °C for 14 hours is developed. The zeolite having 100 % crystallinity degree crystallized from the reaction mixture (RM) with the composition 2,9Na 2 О ∙ Аl 2 О 3 ∙ 12SiО 2 ∙ 300H 2 O. Previously 10 wt. % crystal seed was introduced in RM, crystallization was carried out under continuous stir - ring. Implementation of the developed method allows to extend the raw materials base, simplify the synthesis and reduce the cost of powdery mordenite type zeolite.
International Journal of Materials Engineering, Jan 7, 2013
Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo... more Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo lite X with different degrees of exchange of cations Na + for cations Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , К + or Н + were synthesized. Based on obtained samples, the adsorption of Н 2 О, СО 2 , С 6 Н 6 and n-С 7 Н 16 in static and dynamic modes is studied. The dependencies of the amount of adsorbed substance on the type and content of exchangeable cations in zeolite X were found.
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other ind... more The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other industries was suggesting. The feedstock using in this study are mixture (T-21A+T-5) Tawke and Shekhan PF2 AT residues were obtained from two Iraqi-Kurdistan crude oils by removing distillates boiling point up to 350°C using the atmospheric distillation unit. The coking processing of AT residues at high temperatures to produce gas, coking distillates and petroleum coke. Coking of AT residues were carried out at temperature 450-460°C and atmospheric pressure, at this temperature, the duration of heat treatment of the feed was 2h. 45 min for Tawke and 2h. 15 min for Shekhan. The choice of temperature and time of the experiments was made on the basis that a lower temperature increases the duration of the process, and at a higher temperature a significant reduction in the duration of the process according to GOST methods, it becomes difficult to obtain the target product with the required cont...
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other ind... more The feasibility of utilizing petroleum coke as an alternative fuel for cement kilns and other industries was suggesting. The feedstock using in this study are mixture (T-21A+T-5) Tawke and Shekhan PF2 AT residues were obtained from two Iraqi-Kurdistan crude oils by removing distillates boiling point up to 350°C using the atmospheric distillation unit. The coking processing of AT residues at high temperatures to produce gas, coking distillates and petroleum coke. Coking of AT residues were carried out at temperature 450-460°C and atmospheric pressure, at this temperature, the duration of heat treatment of the feed was 2h. 45 min for Tawke and 2h. 15 min for Shekhan. The choice of temperature and time of the experiments was made on the basis that a lower temperature increases the duration of the process, and at a higher temperature a significant reduction in the duration of the process according to GOST methods, it becomes difficult to obtain the target product with the required cont...
Petroleum Chemistry, 2016
International Journal of Materials Engineering, 2012
Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo... more Samp les of crystalline alu minosilicate, the granules of which are crystalline aggregates of zeo lite X with different degrees of exchange of cations Na + for cations Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , К + or Н + were synthesized. Based on obtained samples, the adsorption of Н 2 О, СО 2 , С 6 Н 6 and n-С 7 Н 16 in static and dynamic modes is studied. The dependencies of the amount of adsorbed substance on the type and content of exchangeable cations in zeolite X were found.
publication descriptionScience Journal of University of Zakho, 2020
In this work, it is shown that based on powder zeolite type Y, mono metallic and bimetallic catal... more In this work, it is shown that based on powder zeolite type Y, mono metallic and bimetallic catalysts have been developed that are promising for petroleum chemistry processes. The method is based on the preparing hydrogen form of Y zeolite by ion exchange with a solution of ammonium nitrate at a starting concentration of 70 g.l-1 and nickel nitrate solution which provides Ni cations. Then after preparation of bimetallic catalysts by impregnating second metal by incipient wetness. All samples and catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis techniques, adsorption methods, and elemental analysis. The research results showed that in order to reach the degree of exchange of Na + for H + cations no less than 0.73, it is necessary to carry out four exchanges of Na + by NH4 + and three intermediate thermal treatments at 540 °C for 3 to 4 hours in air atmosphere.
International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 2020
Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical ... more Evaluation of crude oil and its residue using derivatography, is one of the most common physical and chemical methods analytical research. Crude oil residues 350+ obtain from two Iraq-Kurdistan crudes (Tawke T-21A well and Shekhan PF2 well) by using atmospheric distillation after removing all volatile fractions. The sample characterized by direvatographic method. The thermo analysis, reactions were carried out at temperature range 20- 700℃ for reaction time 68 min. These derivatograph curves show the weight change and heat energy (Enthalpy) change as the function of time and temperature. It shows that the crude oil residues have different composition. The curve which marks the weight changes of the sample heated is the thermogravimetric curve, TGA. Whereas the curve, which records heat energy or enthalpy changes during thermal decomposition is the DTA or differential thermoanalytic. By means of the derivatograph, it is possible to record simultaneously curve of weight change (TG), and enthalpy change (DTA) as a function of temperature. This method analysis shows good evaluation of these two crude oil well.