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Ich möchte mich an dieser Stelle bei meiner Familie bedanken, die es mir ermöglicht hat, mein Leb... more Ich möchte mich an dieser Stelle bei meiner Familie bedanken, die es mir ermöglicht hat, mein Leben so zu führen, wie es meinem Willen entsprang. Ich möchte mich dafür bedanken, dass sie mich bei meinen zum Teil spontanen Unternehmungen stets unterstützt und getragen hat, ohne mich dabei festzuhalten.
Papers by Mario Wallner
Universitätsverlag Kiel | Kiel University Publishing eBooks, 2023
Fundberichte aus Österreich 59, 2020
Bericht über ein Projekt , in dem geophysikalische Methoden zur archäologischen Prospektion auf d... more Bericht über ein Projekt , in dem geophysikalische Methoden zur archäologischen Prospektion auf dem Areal einer villa rustica der Römischen Kaiserzeit in Mitterpullendorf, Burgenland, angewendet wurden. Neben dieser wurden auch weitere (urgeschichtliche?) Siedlungsbefunde und Hinweise auf Eisenerzeugung (Rennöfen) festgestellt.
Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 52, 2022
Das Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Archäologische Prospektion und Virtuelle Archäologie führte im ... more Das Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Archäologische Prospektion und Virtuelle Archäologie führte im Zuge des »ArchPro
Carnuntum«-Projekts eine geophysikalische Prospektion der archäologischen Landschaft von Carnuntum durch. Die Messdaten zeigen Anomalien im Westen der antiken Zivilstadt, die als römische fullonica interpretiert werden können. Der Messbefund und seine Interpretation werden im Kontext der Forschungen zu fullonicae in der römischen Welt und zur Textilwirtschaft vorgestellt.
BABESCH 97, 133-152, 2022
The present paper focuses on hydraulic engineering, fresh water and wastewater management in the ... more The present paper focuses on hydraulic engineering, fresh water and wastewater management in the civil town of Carnuntum (Pannonia). The state of research based on excavations is summarised and discussed alongside with recent geophysical prospection data. Anomalies, which can be observed in the data, may be interpreted as buildings for the provision of fresh water and the management of wastewater. Further anomalies may indicate bath complexes (thermae) and a fuller ́s workshop (fullonica). The hydraulic infrastructure of Carnuntum is compared to other towns in the Northern Provinces and in Italy.
Thiasos 11, 97-107, 2022
The paper discusses the hydraulic engineering and water management of the civil town of Carnuntum... more The paper discusses the hydraulic engineering and water management of the civil town of Carnuntum (Roman province of Pannonia – Austria). The actual state of research, which is primarily based on excavation results, is presented. Geophysical prospection data, collected in the course of the ‘ArchPro Carnuntum’ project, is used for additional analyses. Various anomalies point to building structures related to the provision of fresh water (a potential well and fountain and water conduits), the management of wastewater (sewers) and buildings that are interpreted as bath complexes (thermae) and a fuller´s workshop (fullonica).
Der Aufsatz ist der hydrologischen Infrastruktur der Zivilstadt von Carnuntum (in der Provinz Pannonien im heutigen Österreich)
gewidmet. Einleitend wird der aktuelle, weitgehend auf Grabungsergebnisse gestützte Forschungsstand vorgestellt. Im Anschluss werden die Ergebnisse vertiefender Analysen von geophysikalischen Prospektionsdaten vorgestellt, die im Zuge des ‘ArchPro Carnuntum’ Projekts gesammelt wurden. Anomalien lassen auf die Präsenz von Befunden schließen, die im Zusammenhang mit der Frischwasserversorgung (mögliche Brunnen, Wasserleitungen), der Abwasserableitung (Abflusskanäle) und mit Spezialbauten wie Bädern (thermae) und einer Wäscherei (fullonica) stehen.
Remote Sensing, 2021
Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in present-day Serbia) ... more Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in present-day Serbia) are still discernible on the surface today due to the deliberate and targeted quarrying of the Roman foundations. In 2014, all of the town’s intramural (and some extramural) areas were surveyed using aerial photography, ground-penetrating radar, and magnetometry to analyze the site’s topography and to map remaining buried structures. The surveys showed a strong agreement between the digital surface model derived from the aerial photographs and the geophysical prospection data. However, many structures could only be detected by one method, underlining the benefits of a complementary archaeological prospection approach using multiple methods. This article presents the results of the extensive surveys and their comprehensive integrative interpretation, discussing Bassianae’s ground plan and urban infrastructure. Starting with an overview of this Roman town’s research history, we present the...
Antiquity, 2020
Abstract Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monument... more Abstract Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monumental burial mounds. Recently, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys have revealed three large structures close to the mound cemetery. Their unusual layout and size, and location within such a prominent burial site, suggest that they were halls—high-status buildings mentioned in the Nordic sagas. The authors present the GPR results, discuss the buildings’ typological classification and provide a preliminary chronological framework. The latter suggests that the buildings coexisted with some of the burial mounds, and raises important questions about the significance of such buildings in Nordic mound-building societies.
Carnuntum Jahrbuch 2020, 2021
This third contribution to the research on the western edge of the Roman city of Carnuntum focuse... more This third contribution to the research on the western edge of the Roman city of Carnuntum focuses on two aspects. First, the geophysical measurements, in particular the ground penetrating radar surveys of the years 2012–2015, are evaluated in detail, focusing on the overall architectural structure of the western suburb, but also on the individual building types represented in the area. The geophysical measurement data are contrasted with the results of a rescue excavation that was carried out directly north of the prospected areas as early as 1976. The finds from these excavations, including graves from the end of the 3rd century or from the time around 300 AD, are presented here for the first time. This also allows the basic chronological framework of the western suburb, which was developed in the two previously published articles, to be further consolidated.
Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe, 2019
In October 2019, a high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry surv... more In October 2019, a high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry survey began in the area of the deserted medieval town of Corvey. One of the achievements of the first surveying campaign was to document the entire ground-plan of the Marktkirche church for the first time. The tran-septless, three-aisled basilica church, with a single-tower facade, was significantly smaller than hitherto supposed. Judging from comparable church buildings, it cannot have dated from earlier than the middle of the 12th century.
Heritage, 2021
The Roman site of Carnuntum was once a flourishing center on the frontiers of the Roman Empire. I... more The Roman site of Carnuntum was once a flourishing center on the frontiers of the Roman Empire. In its heyday as the capital of the province of Pannonia superior, Carnuntum probably covered an area of almost 9 km². The whole site was divided into a military settlement (castra and canabae legionis) and a civil town (municipium/colonia). Through a large-scale archaeological prospection project, this huge area could be investigated and analyzed in great detail using a wide variety of nondestructive prospection methods. One of the main discoveries of the project was observed in the military settlement, where it was possible to identify a previously unknown military camp, interpreted as the garrison of the governor’s guard, the castra singularium. Through the topographic analysis of the immediate surroundings, the Roman fort was determined to be embedded in a large administrative complex related to the governor’s seat in Carnuntum. This article presents these new discoveries and shows wh...
Carnuntum Jahrbuch
Over the course of four years (2012–2015) the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prosp... more Over the course of four years (2012–2015) the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection and Virtual Archaeology (LBI ArchPro), in collaboration with the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG) and on behalf of the provincial government of Lower Austria, has conducted the comprehensive, non-invasive archaeological prospection project entitled “ArchPro Carnuntum”. The purpose of this project has been to generate a basis for future archaeological research and the sustainable spatial planning and cultural heritage management in the area. By combining new information on buried archaeology using different aerial and ground-based archaeological prospection methods and a thorough archaeological interpretation of the combined data within the framework of a GIS environment, it was possible to document Carnuntum’s archaeological heritage, which is threatened by a dramatic increase in erosion and destruction through ploughing, infrastructure development and looting by treasure hunters. In total, an area covering eight square kilometres was explored at very high sampling resolution using magnetic prospection methods, while 2.5 square kilometres were mapped with ultra-high resolution ground-penetrating radar measurements. The results of the project and the spatio-temporal analysis and interpretation of the prospection data are presented here as a preliminary report.
ArcheoSciences 45-1, 2021
Located in a bend of the river Weser near Höxter in eastern Westphalia (Germany), Corvey is one o... more Located in a bend of the river Weser near Höxter in eastern Westphalia (Germany), Corvey is one of the largest abandoned medieval towns in Central Europe. Excavations led by Hans-Georg Stephan between the 1970s and early 2000s revealed stone-walled cellars, a paved road and remains of a large church with cemetery (Stephan, 2000). Despite his seminal work, the geography and development of the urban settlement are still poorly understood. Therefore, the archaeology department of the regional association of Westphalia-Lippe (LWL) and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection and Virtual Archaeology (LBI ArchPro) initiated a high-resolution GPR and magnetometry surtentative parish church, which was partially excavated in 1988 (Coolen et al., 2020). Combining the results of the GPR survey with evidence from the excavation, we can reconstruct the building in great detail and draw further conclusions on its chronology and architectural context.
Remote Sensing, 2021
Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in presentday Serbia) a... more Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in presentday Serbia) are still discernible on the surface today due to the deliberate and targeted quarrying of the Roman foundations. In 2014, all of the town's intramural (and some extramural) areas were surveyed using aerial photography, ground-penetrating radar, and magnetometry to analyze the site's topography and to map remaining buried structures. The surveys showed a strong agreement between the digital surface model derived from the aerial photographs and the geophysical prospection data. However, many structures could only be detected by one method, underlining the benefits of a complementary archaeological prospection approach using multiple methods. This article presents the results of the extensive surveys and their comprehensive integrative interpretation, discussing Bassianae's ground plan and urban infrastructure. Starting with an overview of this Roman town's research history, we present the details of the triple prospection approach, followed by the processing, integrative analysis, and interpretation of the acquired data sets. Finally, this newly gained information is contrasted with a plan of Roman Bassianae compiled in 1935.
Antiquity, 2020
Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monumental burial... more Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron
and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monumental burial
mounds. Recently, ground-penetrating radar (GPR)
surveys have revealed three large structures close to
the mound cemetery. Their unusual layout and
size, and location within such a prominent burial
site, suggest that they were halls—high-status buildings
mentioned in the Nordic sagas. The authors
present the GPR results, discuss the buildings’ typological
classification and provide a preliminary
chronological framework. The latter suggests that
the buildings coexisted with some of the burial
mounds, and raises important questions about the
significance of such buildings in Nordic moundbuilding
societies.
Ich möchte mich an dieser Stelle bei meiner Familie bedanken, die es mir ermöglicht hat, mein Leb... more Ich möchte mich an dieser Stelle bei meiner Familie bedanken, die es mir ermöglicht hat, mein Leben so zu führen, wie es meinem Willen entsprang. Ich möchte mich dafür bedanken, dass sie mich bei meinen zum Teil spontanen Unternehmungen stets unterstützt und getragen hat, ohne mich dabei festzuhalten.
Universitätsverlag Kiel | Kiel University Publishing eBooks, 2023
Fundberichte aus Österreich 59, 2020
Bericht über ein Projekt , in dem geophysikalische Methoden zur archäologischen Prospektion auf d... more Bericht über ein Projekt , in dem geophysikalische Methoden zur archäologischen Prospektion auf dem Areal einer villa rustica der Römischen Kaiserzeit in Mitterpullendorf, Burgenland, angewendet wurden. Neben dieser wurden auch weitere (urgeschichtliche?) Siedlungsbefunde und Hinweise auf Eisenerzeugung (Rennöfen) festgestellt.
Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 52, 2022
Das Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Archäologische Prospektion und Virtuelle Archäologie führte im ... more Das Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Archäologische Prospektion und Virtuelle Archäologie führte im Zuge des »ArchPro
Carnuntum«-Projekts eine geophysikalische Prospektion der archäologischen Landschaft von Carnuntum durch. Die Messdaten zeigen Anomalien im Westen der antiken Zivilstadt, die als römische fullonica interpretiert werden können. Der Messbefund und seine Interpretation werden im Kontext der Forschungen zu fullonicae in der römischen Welt und zur Textilwirtschaft vorgestellt.
BABESCH 97, 133-152, 2022
The present paper focuses on hydraulic engineering, fresh water and wastewater management in the ... more The present paper focuses on hydraulic engineering, fresh water and wastewater management in the civil town of Carnuntum (Pannonia). The state of research based on excavations is summarised and discussed alongside with recent geophysical prospection data. Anomalies, which can be observed in the data, may be interpreted as buildings for the provision of fresh water and the management of wastewater. Further anomalies may indicate bath complexes (thermae) and a fuller ́s workshop (fullonica). The hydraulic infrastructure of Carnuntum is compared to other towns in the Northern Provinces and in Italy.
Thiasos 11, 97-107, 2022
The paper discusses the hydraulic engineering and water management of the civil town of Carnuntum... more The paper discusses the hydraulic engineering and water management of the civil town of Carnuntum (Roman province of Pannonia – Austria). The actual state of research, which is primarily based on excavation results, is presented. Geophysical prospection data, collected in the course of the ‘ArchPro Carnuntum’ project, is used for additional analyses. Various anomalies point to building structures related to the provision of fresh water (a potential well and fountain and water conduits), the management of wastewater (sewers) and buildings that are interpreted as bath complexes (thermae) and a fuller´s workshop (fullonica).
Der Aufsatz ist der hydrologischen Infrastruktur der Zivilstadt von Carnuntum (in der Provinz Pannonien im heutigen Österreich)
gewidmet. Einleitend wird der aktuelle, weitgehend auf Grabungsergebnisse gestützte Forschungsstand vorgestellt. Im Anschluss werden die Ergebnisse vertiefender Analysen von geophysikalischen Prospektionsdaten vorgestellt, die im Zuge des ‘ArchPro Carnuntum’ Projekts gesammelt wurden. Anomalien lassen auf die Präsenz von Befunden schließen, die im Zusammenhang mit der Frischwasserversorgung (mögliche Brunnen, Wasserleitungen), der Abwasserableitung (Abflusskanäle) und mit Spezialbauten wie Bädern (thermae) und einer Wäscherei (fullonica) stehen.
Remote Sensing, 2021
Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in present-day Serbia) ... more Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in present-day Serbia) are still discernible on the surface today due to the deliberate and targeted quarrying of the Roman foundations. In 2014, all of the town’s intramural (and some extramural) areas were surveyed using aerial photography, ground-penetrating radar, and magnetometry to analyze the site’s topography and to map remaining buried structures. The surveys showed a strong agreement between the digital surface model derived from the aerial photographs and the geophysical prospection data. However, many structures could only be detected by one method, underlining the benefits of a complementary archaeological prospection approach using multiple methods. This article presents the results of the extensive surveys and their comprehensive integrative interpretation, discussing Bassianae’s ground plan and urban infrastructure. Starting with an overview of this Roman town’s research history, we present the...
Antiquity, 2020
Abstract Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monument... more Abstract Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monumental burial mounds. Recently, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys have revealed three large structures close to the mound cemetery. Their unusual layout and size, and location within such a prominent burial site, suggest that they were halls—high-status buildings mentioned in the Nordic sagas. The authors present the GPR results, discuss the buildings’ typological classification and provide a preliminary chronological framework. The latter suggests that the buildings coexisted with some of the burial mounds, and raises important questions about the significance of such buildings in Nordic mound-building societies.
Carnuntum Jahrbuch 2020, 2021
This third contribution to the research on the western edge of the Roman city of Carnuntum focuse... more This third contribution to the research on the western edge of the Roman city of Carnuntum focuses on two aspects. First, the geophysical measurements, in particular the ground penetrating radar surveys of the years 2012–2015, are evaluated in detail, focusing on the overall architectural structure of the western suburb, but also on the individual building types represented in the area. The geophysical measurement data are contrasted with the results of a rescue excavation that was carried out directly north of the prospected areas as early as 1976. The finds from these excavations, including graves from the end of the 3rd century or from the time around 300 AD, are presented here for the first time. This also allows the basic chronological framework of the western suburb, which was developed in the two previously published articles, to be further consolidated.
Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe, 2019
In October 2019, a high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry surv... more In October 2019, a high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetometry survey began in the area of the deserted medieval town of Corvey. One of the achievements of the first surveying campaign was to document the entire ground-plan of the Marktkirche church for the first time. The tran-septless, three-aisled basilica church, with a single-tower facade, was significantly smaller than hitherto supposed. Judging from comparable church buildings, it cannot have dated from earlier than the middle of the 12th century.
Heritage, 2021
The Roman site of Carnuntum was once a flourishing center on the frontiers of the Roman Empire. I... more The Roman site of Carnuntum was once a flourishing center on the frontiers of the Roman Empire. In its heyday as the capital of the province of Pannonia superior, Carnuntum probably covered an area of almost 9 km². The whole site was divided into a military settlement (castra and canabae legionis) and a civil town (municipium/colonia). Through a large-scale archaeological prospection project, this huge area could be investigated and analyzed in great detail using a wide variety of nondestructive prospection methods. One of the main discoveries of the project was observed in the military settlement, where it was possible to identify a previously unknown military camp, interpreted as the garrison of the governor’s guard, the castra singularium. Through the topographic analysis of the immediate surroundings, the Roman fort was determined to be embedded in a large administrative complex related to the governor’s seat in Carnuntum. This article presents these new discoveries and shows wh...
Carnuntum Jahrbuch
Over the course of four years (2012–2015) the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prosp... more Over the course of four years (2012–2015) the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection and Virtual Archaeology (LBI ArchPro), in collaboration with the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics (ZAMG) and on behalf of the provincial government of Lower Austria, has conducted the comprehensive, non-invasive archaeological prospection project entitled “ArchPro Carnuntum”. The purpose of this project has been to generate a basis for future archaeological research and the sustainable spatial planning and cultural heritage management in the area. By combining new information on buried archaeology using different aerial and ground-based archaeological prospection methods and a thorough archaeological interpretation of the combined data within the framework of a GIS environment, it was possible to document Carnuntum’s archaeological heritage, which is threatened by a dramatic increase in erosion and destruction through ploughing, infrastructure development and looting by treasure hunters. In total, an area covering eight square kilometres was explored at very high sampling resolution using magnetic prospection methods, while 2.5 square kilometres were mapped with ultra-high resolution ground-penetrating radar measurements. The results of the project and the spatio-temporal analysis and interpretation of the prospection data are presented here as a preliminary report.
ArcheoSciences 45-1, 2021
Located in a bend of the river Weser near Höxter in eastern Westphalia (Germany), Corvey is one o... more Located in a bend of the river Weser near Höxter in eastern Westphalia (Germany), Corvey is one of the largest abandoned medieval towns in Central Europe. Excavations led by Hans-Georg Stephan between the 1970s and early 2000s revealed stone-walled cellars, a paved road and remains of a large church with cemetery (Stephan, 2000). Despite his seminal work, the geography and development of the urban settlement are still poorly understood. Therefore, the archaeology department of the regional association of Westphalia-Lippe (LWL) and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection and Virtual Archaeology (LBI ArchPro) initiated a high-resolution GPR and magnetometry surtentative parish church, which was partially excavated in 1988 (Coolen et al., 2020). Combining the results of the GPR survey with evidence from the excavation, we can reconstruct the building in great detail and draw further conclusions on its chronology and architectural context.
Remote Sensing, 2021
Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in presentday Serbia) a... more Large parts of the urban layout of the abandoned Roman town of Bassianae (in presentday Serbia) are still discernible on the surface today due to the deliberate and targeted quarrying of the Roman foundations. In 2014, all of the town's intramural (and some extramural) areas were surveyed using aerial photography, ground-penetrating radar, and magnetometry to analyze the site's topography and to map remaining buried structures. The surveys showed a strong agreement between the digital surface model derived from the aerial photographs and the geophysical prospection data. However, many structures could only be detected by one method, underlining the benefits of a complementary archaeological prospection approach using multiple methods. This article presents the results of the extensive surveys and their comprehensive integrative interpretation, discussing Bassianae's ground plan and urban infrastructure. Starting with an overview of this Roman town's research history, we present the details of the triple prospection approach, followed by the processing, integrative analysis, and interpretation of the acquired data sets. Finally, this newly gained information is contrasted with a plan of Roman Bassianae compiled in 1935.
Antiquity, 2020
Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monumental burial... more Borre in Norway is famous for its Late Nordic Iron
and Viking Age (AD 400–1050) monumental burial
mounds. Recently, ground-penetrating radar (GPR)
surveys have revealed three large structures close to
the mound cemetery. Their unusual layout and
size, and location within such a prominent burial
site, suggest that they were halls—high-status buildings
mentioned in the Nordic sagas. The authors
present the GPR results, discuss the buildings’ typological
classification and provide a preliminary
chronological framework. The latter suggests that
the buildings coexisted with some of the burial
mounds, and raises important questions about the
significance of such buildings in Nordic moundbuilding
societies.
Internet archaeology, 2020
A series of massive geophysical anomalies, located south of the Durrington Walls henge monument, ... more A series of massive geophysical anomalies, located south of the Durrington Walls henge monument, were identified during fluxgate gradiometer survey undertaken by the Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project (SHLP). Initially interpreted as dewponds, these data have been re-evaluated, along with information on similar features revealed by archaeological contractors undertaking survey and excavation to the north of the Durrington Walls henge. Analysis of the available data identified a total of 20 comparable features, which align within a series of arcs adjacent to Durrington Walls. Further geophysical survey, supported by mechanical coring, was undertaken on several geophysical anomalies to assess their nature, and to provide dating and environmental evidence. The results of fieldwork demonstrate that some of these features, at least, were massive, circular pits with a surface diameter of 20m or more and a depth of at least 5m. Struck flint and bone were recovered from primary silts and radiocarbon dating indicates a Late Neolithic date for the lower silts of one pit. The degree of similarity across the 20 features identified suggests that they could have formed part of a circuit of large pits around Durrington Walls, and this may also have incorporated the recently discovered Larkhill causewayed enclosure. The diameter of the circuit of pits exceeds 2km and there is some evidence that an intermittent, inner post alignment may have existed within the circuit of pits. One pit may provide evidence for a recut; suggesting that some of these features could have been maintained through to the Middle Bronze Age. Together, these features represent a unique group of features related to the henge at Durrington Walls, executed at a scale not previously recorded.
Dieser Bericht darf im Sinne der Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International Li... more Dieser Bericht darf im Sinne der Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) verwendet werden.
Remote Sensing, 2022
Middle Neolithic circular enclosures, known as Kreisgrabenanlage (KGA), are the oldest known monu... more Middle Neolithic circular enclosures, known as Kreisgrabenanlage (KGA), are the oldest known monumental sites in Central Europe, dating roughly to 4850-4600/4500 BC. These large prehistoric monuments are mainly discovered by aerial archaeology and have been investigated by geophysical prospection and archaeological excavations since the 1960s. The site of Velm (Lower Austria) was discovered by aerial photographs in 2001. Due to its unusual location on a flat gravel plateau, the enclosure has become the object of intensive interdisciplinary research in recent years. In 2016, two motorized ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were conducted, resulting in a detailed three-dimensional dataset visualizing the circular ditches, palisades and dwellings of an adjacent settlement. The high contrast between the gravel sediments and the humic earthen backfill of the ditches, palisades and individual postholes resulted in a highly detailed visualization of the Middle Neolithic monument. Based on this survey, selected structures were investigated by targeted archaeological excavations to evaluate the GPR results and to take samples for radiocarbon dating. This paper presents a synopsis of all the methods used. An integrated interpretation of aerial photo information, magnetometry and GPR is conducted, and it is shown to what extent these could be verified by the targeted archaeological excavation. By a detailed analysis of all applied archaeological prospection methods, it is now possible to interpret the monument in its entirety and confirm its dating to the Middle Neolithic Lengyel cultural complex.
Épités - Épitészettudomány, Feb 16, 2021
The potential of large-scale, non-invasive prospection methods has been widely recognized in arch... more The potential of large-scale, non-invasive prospection methods has been widely recognized in archaeology in recent years. Their outstanding possibilities for the exploration of urban centres have been realised early on and applied at selected sites. The ‘ArchPro Carnuntum’ project stands out for its extensive investigation of a Roman provincial capital by the combined application of a wide variety of survey methods (aerial archaeology, magnetometry, ground penetrating radar, extensive field survey) resulting in detailed information on the ancient infrastructure of the Roman metropolis. Within the project, it was not only possible to discover new settlement areas, but in some cases even to deduce their former purpose. As a result, the military administrative centre, newly built residential areas, and temporary military camps could be detected in the archaeological landscape of Carnuntum. This paper presents an overview of the results of this internationally unique prospection project.
The coming of Iron - The Beginnings of Iron Smelting in Central Europe, 2020
The iron-smelting sites in the Middle Burgenland have been known since the early 1960s. State-of-... more The iron-smelting sites in the Middle Burgenland have been known since the early 1960s. State-of-the-art non-invasive prospecting methods have now made it possible to gain new insights into the actual extent of the prehistoric iron production, however. The current analyses present a picture of a centralized – proto-industrial – production area that was managed by three hilltop settlements situated around it. The wealth generated by the trade of the iron produced in this area is reflected in the representative fortifications of these Late La Tène period hilltop settlements. One can assume that the intensive smelting activities created a huge demand for wood; the origins of the toponym deserta boiorum may lie in the devastating influence of this demand on the environment.
Traditionally, ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) measurements for near‐surface geophysical archaeolo... more Traditionally, ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) measurements for near‐surface geophysical archaeological prospection are conducted with single‐channel systems using GPR antennae mounted in a cart similar to a pushchair, or towed like a sledge behind the operator. The spatial data sampling of such GPR devices for the non‐invasive detection and investigation of buried cultural heritage was, with very few exceptions, at best 25 cm in cross‐line direction of the measurement. With two or three persons participating in the fieldwork, coverage rates between a quarter hectare and half a hectare per day are common, while frequently considerably smaller survey areas at often coarse measurement spacing have been reported. Over the past years, the advent of novel multi‐channel GPR antenna array systems has permitted an enormous increase in survey efficiency and spatial sampling resolution. Using GPR antenna arrays with up to 16 channels operating in parallel, in combination with automatic positioning solutions based on real‐time kinematic global navigation satellite systems or robotic total‐stations, it has become possible to map several hectares per day with as little as 8 cm cross‐line and 4 cm in‐line GPR trace spacing. While this dramatic increase in coverage rate has a positive effect on the reduction of costs of GPR surveys, and thus its more widespread use in archaeology, the increased spatial sampling for the first time allows for the high‐resolution imaging of relatively small archaeological structures, such as for example 25 cm wide post‐holes of Iron Age buildings or the brick pillars of Roman floor heating systems, permitting much improved archaeological interpretations of the collected data. We present the state‐of‐the‐art in large‐scale high‐resolution archaeological GPR prospection, covering hardware and software technology and fieldwork methodology as well as the closely related issues of processing and interpretation of the huge data sets. Application examples from selected European archaeological sites illustrate the progress made.
New global perspectives on archaeological prospection. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection, 28 August – 1 September 2019, Sligo - Ireland, 2019