Evaluation of Cytopathic Effects in Uninfected Cell Cultures Under Varying Fetal Bovine Serum and Antibiotic Concentrations (original) (raw)
Published January 27, 2025 | Version Rev 1
Report Open
Description
This study investigates the morphological changes and cytopathic effects (CPE) observed in uninfected Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK293T) cell cultures under varying concentrations of fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics. The primary aim was to determine whether the CPE, typically attributed to viral infections, could be replicated in uninfected cultures by varying the culture environment within normal isolation protocols. HEK293T cells were cultured under different conditions, including various FBS and antibiotic concentrations, and monitored for morphological changes over a period of 3 to 5 days. The results demonstrated that uninfected cultures exhibited significant CPE, such as plaque formation, ballooning, rounding, floating, lifting, and syncytia, similar to those seen in infected cultures. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed the presence of viral-like particles in control cultures, with particles resembling known viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, Measles virus, and HIV based on their size, shape, and protein inclusions. The study also evaluated the impact of seeding density, nutrient verification, and the addition of Amphotericin and human samples on CPE. These findings suggest that the reduced FBS environments commonly used in viral isolation protocols contribute significantly to the observed CPE, challenging the validity of using these morphological changes as definitive indicators of viral presence. The study highlights the need for a critical reassessment of current viral isolation methods and the interpretation of CPE in cell cultures. Future research should focus on elucidating the specific mechanisms by which reduced FBS and varying antibiotic concentrations induce CPE in uninfected cultures and developing alternative methods for viral isolation that do not rely solely on CPE as an indicator.
Files
Evaluation of Cytopathic Effects - Rev 1 - WOC.pdf
Files (3.9 MB)
Additional details
- Andrews, J. (2025, January 4). LABORATORY VIDEO DOCUMENTATION OF CONTROL EXPERIMENTS. Substack. Retrieved from https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/laboratory-video-documentation-of
- Andrews, J. (2025, January 4). CELL CULTURE ISOLATION CONTROL EXPERIMENT. Substack. Retrieved from https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/cell-culture-isolation-control-experiment
- Andrews, J. (2025, January 25). TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF CONTROL CULTURES. Substack. Retrieved from https://controlstudies.substack.com/p/transmission-electron-microscopy
- Nicholls, J., Peiris, M., & Poon, L. (2021, December 8). HKUMED REVEALS THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE IMAGE OF SARS-COV-2 OMICRON VARIANT. The University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from https://www.med.hku.hk/en/news/press/20211208-omicron-microscope-image
- Mahy, B. W. J. (n.d.). TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC (TEM) IMAGE OF A MEASLES VIRUS PARTICLE. Public Health Image Library (PHIL), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Retrieved from https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=12733
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (n.d.). TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC (TEM) IMAGE OF MATURE FORMS OF THE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV). Public Health Image Library (PHIL). Retrieved from https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=8254
- Lanka, S. (2022). CONTROL EXPERIMENT PHASE 1 - SEVERAL LABORATORIES CONFIRM THE REFUTATION OF VIROLOGY BY THE CYTOPATHIC EFFECT. Corona_Fakten. Retrieved from: https://wissenschafftplus.de/
- ResearchGate. (2025). ISOLATION OF NOVEL SIMIAN ADENOVIRUSES FROM MACAQUES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF A VECTOR FOR HUMAN GENE THERAPY AND VACCINES. Retrieved January 19, 2025, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373973300_Isolation_of_novel_simian_adenoviruses_from_macaques_for_development_of_a_vector_for_human_gene_therapy_and_vaccines
- Takara Bio. (2025). ADENOVIRUS PURIFICATION MEGA-SCALE PROTOCOL. Retrieved January 19, 2025, from https://www.takarabio.com/learning-centers/gene-function/viral-transduction/adenovirus/adenovirus-purification-mega-scale
- American Society of Microbiology. (2024). GUIDELINES FOR CYTOPATHIC EFFECT OBSERVATION IN CELL CULTURES. Retrieved from https://asm.org/Guidelines/Cytopathic-Effect-Observation
- Invitrogen. (2025). COUNTESS 3 FC AUTOMATED CELL COUNTER USER MANUAL. Thermo Fisher Scientific. Retrieved from https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/AMQAF1000
- ATCC. (2025). HUMAN EMBRYONIC KIDNEY (HEK293T) CELL LINE (ATCC CRL-3216). American Type Culture Collection. Retrieved from https://www.atcc.org/products/crl-3216
- Thermo Fisher Scientific. (2025). DMEM (DULBECCO'S MODIFIED EAGLE MEDIUM) PRODUCT INFORMATION. Retrieved from https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/11965092
- Sigma-Aldrich. (2025). FETAL BOVINE SERUM (FBS) PRODUCT INFORMATION. Retrieved from https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/f2442
- Sigma-Aldrich. (2025). PENICILLIN-STREPTOMYCIN (P/S) SOLUTION PRODUCT INFORMATION. Retrieved from https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/p4333
- Thermo Fisher Scientific. (2025). TRIZOL REAGENT PRODUCT INFORMATION. Retrieved from https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/15596026
- Thermo Fisher Scientific. (2025). TRYPLE EXPRESS ENZYME (1X), NO PHENOL RED. Retrieved from https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/12605010
- Sigma-Aldrich. (2025). AMPHOTERICIN B PRODUCT INFORMATION. Retrieved from https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/a2942
- Invitrogen. (2025). EVOS XL CORE IMAGING SYSTEM USER MANUAL. Thermo Fisher Scientific. Retrieved from https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/AMG1000
- Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., ... & Tan, W. (2020). A NOVEL CORONAVIRUS FROM PATIENTS WITH PNEUMONIA IN CHINA, 2019. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382(8), 727-733. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001017. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7291340/