Naymul Karim | Zhejiang University (original) (raw)

Papers by Naymul Karim

Research paper thumbnail of Suppression of palmitic acid-induced hepatic oxidative injury by neohesperidin-loaded pectin-chitosan decorated nanoliposomes

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Improving the physicochemical stability and functionality of nanoliposome using green polymer for the delivery of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside

Research paper thumbnail of Potential processing technologies for developing sorghum-based food products: An update and comprehensive review

Trends in Food Science & Technology

Research paper thumbnail of Tithonia diversifolia aqueous fraction plays a protective role against alloxan-induced diabetic mice via modulating GLUT2 expression

South African Journal of Botany

Research paper thumbnail of Cold plasma: An emerging pretreatment technology for the drying of jujube slices

Research paper thumbnail of Thunbergia laurifolia leaf extract partially recovers lead-induced renotoxicity through modulating the cell signaling pathways

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Colonic delivery of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside using pectin-chitosan-nanoliposome: Transport mechanism and bioactivity retention

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Surface decoration of neohesperidin-loaded nanoliposome using chitosan and pectin for improving stability and controlled release

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Physiochemical changes in Citrus reticulata cv. Shatangju fruit during vesicle collapse

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro study of bioaccessibility, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside after interacting with beta-lactoglobulin and chitosan/pectin

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Short-Time Administration of Xanthone From Garcinia mangostana Fruit Pericarp Attenuates the Hepatotoxicity and Renotoxicity of Type II Diabetes Mice

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

Research paper thumbnail of Jujube fruit: A potential nutritious fruit for the development of functional food products

Journal of Functional Foods

Research paper thumbnail of Mangosteen Vinegar Rind from Garcinia mangostana Prevents High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type II Diabetes Nephropathy and Apoptosis

Journal of Food Science, 2019

Type II diabetes (T2D) nephropathy, a major cause of end-stage kidney disease, progresses and dev... more Type II diabetes (T2D) nephropathy, a major cause of end-stage kidney disease, progresses and develops from oxidative stress. Natural polyphenols can protect the kidney from diabetic nephropathy exerting antioxidant activities. The present approach enumerates the reno-protective and anti-apoptotic effects of mangosteen vinegar rind (MVR, a phenolic aqueous extract) against high-fat diet (5 g/day up to five weeks)-/streptozotocin (single ip, dose 30 mg/kgBW)-induced T2D nephropathy of albino mice. In vitro total phenolic content, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant capacity, and α-amylase inhibition activity as antidiabetic assay of MVR were performed. In vivo mice body weight, oral glucose, and maltose tolerance test, metabolic parameters (plasma glucose, insulin level, omeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance), biochemical parameters (kidney hypertrophy, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine), oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase) were estimated in an intervention study. Additionally, renal morphology and early apoptosis were observed following the H & E staining and TUNEL assay of the tissue frozen section. We found that the aqueous extract of MVR possesses potent in vitro antioxidative and antidiabetic activities. Animal intervention results showed that MVR 100, 200 mg/kgBW, and Glibenclamide 60 mg/kgBW treatments significantly improved (P < 0.05) the abovementioned parameters compared to the diabetic control group. Furthermore, treatments also significantly restored (P < 0.05) kidney histological alterations and reduced cellular apoptosis compared to the diabetic control group. These findings concluded that MVR treatments significantly modulated the glucose intolerance, metabolic alterations, and oxidative stress-induced pathological alterations and cellular apoptosis of diabetic kidney.

Research paper thumbnail of Liposomal Delivery of Natural Product: A Promising Approach in Health Research

Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2019

Background Natural products can exert promising nutritional and medicinal value, and traditionall... more Background Natural products can exert promising nutritional and medicinal value, and traditionally used in pursuit of health and well-being. Despite having a potential therapeutic effect, natural compounds tend to show limited biological activity due to their environmental-instability, poor solubility, gastric-degradation, uncontrolled-release, poor bioavailability, and unspecific delivery. Therefore, liposomal delivery of natural compounds has been considered as a potential tool to overcome the limitations associated with delivery in in vivo. Scope and approach Liposomes are attractive and effective nano-carriers for the delivery of natural compounds and pharmaceuticals, which can enhance their bioavailability and therapeutic effect. In this review, we critically discussed the fundamentals and generation-wise chronological liposomal improvements, affecting factors associated with the formation of liposome, and mechanism of cellular internalization. Besides, we discussed the efficiency of liposomal systems for the encapsulation and successful delivery of natural products in treating human diseases and the challenges associated with the liposomal delivery of natural products. Key findings and conclusions Formulation parameters, i.e. phospholipid type, phospholipid-to-cholesterol ratio, and encapsulated compounds could play a significant role in the liposomal preparation. Studies have shown that liposomal delivery of natural products could significantly increase the protective effect of natural product against cancer, hepato-/neuro-toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and microbial disease. Further studies concerning the improved liposomal systems and more in vivo studies could shed a light to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of natural compounds by understanding the physicochemical stability, target mechanisms, cellular internalization and release kinetics.

Research paper thumbnail of Cytoprotective and Anti-genotoxic Effects of Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia mangostana Against H 2 O 2 Induced PBMC Cell and Blood Leukocytes Damage of Normal and Type 2 Diabetes Volunteers †1

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology, 2019

Hyperglycemia is well-known for inducing cellular oxidative damage in type II diabetes (T2D) pati... more Hyperglycemia is well-known for inducing cellular oxidative damage in type II diabetes (T2D) patients. This research addressed the cytoprotective and anti-genotoxic effect of xanthone derivatives from Garcinia mangostana against hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2)-induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and blood leukocytes damage of the normal and T2D volunteers. The cytoprotective effects of an aqueous extract of xanthone (100 and 200 µg/mL) was assessed on cell viability and free radical scavenging activity using the trypan blue exclusion method on PBMC cells. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured as cellular oxidative damage markers and estimated from culture medium of PBMCs of normal and T2D volunteers. The anti-genotoxicity was assessed as the protective effect of xanthone against H 2 O 2-induce DNA damage of blood leukocytes of the normal volunteers following comet assay technique. Xanthone and Gallic acid (control) concentrations 100, 200 and 100 µg/mL significantly (P < 0.05) protected from H 2 O 2 (20 mM)-induced oxidative damage of PBMCs. It was confirmed by increased cell viability and free radical scavenging activity coupled with the decreased MDA and LDH levels in cell culture medium compared to H 2 O 2 (20 mM)-treated group. In H 2 O 2 (40 mM)-induced blood leukocytes of normal volunteers, different concentration xanthone (50-500 µg/mL) significantly (P < 0.05) improved the anti-genotoxicity effect compared to negative/positive control group by lowering comet formation. Xanthone treatments on PBMCs and blood leukocytes of the normal and T2D volunteers could attenuate the H 2 O 2-induced cellular oxidative damage and cell death via exhibiting antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.

Research paper thumbnail of Biological properties in relation to health promotion effects of Garcinia mangostana (queen of fruit) A short report.pdf

Purpose – For the prevention and cure of disease, patient use various types of chemical and drug ... more Purpose – For the prevention and cure of disease, patient use various types of chemical and drug agents. Along with their curative effect, almost all drugs have some destructive effects and side-effects. Due to the minimal and/or none of unwanted side-effect, recently, the use of herbal remedy as the drug of choice becomes the preference choice. The mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana, contains various types of polyphenols. It has been used as a traditional medicine from the ancient times till present days. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the biological properties of mangosteen in relation to health promotion effects. Design/methodology/approach – Several research papers from well-known database (such as PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus and Sciencedirect) were reviewed without considering publication-times to understand the biological properties of mangosteen. Findings – Mangosteen and its xanthone exerted diverse biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, anti-bacteria, anti-fungal, anti-malaria, anticancer and anti-diabetes. Originality/value – Based on these studies, mangosteen is beneficial dietary supplement of overall human health.

Research paper thumbnail of A recent review of citrus flavanone naringenin on metabolic diseases and its potential sources for high yield-production

Naringenin exerts potential protective effect against metabolic disorder.Bioavailability and heal... more Naringenin exerts potential protective effect against metabolic disorder.Bioavailability and health effects of naringenin are discussed.Naringenin has the potential to be a dietary supplement against metabolic disease.Potential sources of naringenin are summarized.Metabolic syndromes are the multi-metabolic abnormality characterized by hyperlipidemia, obesity, hyperglycemia, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and neuro-dysfunction. Naringenin, a naturally occurring flavanone compound, abundantly found in citrus fruit, has demonstrated diverse biological activities. In this context, the role of naringenin in the treatment of metabolic disease and alternative sources for high-yield production of naringenin have recently drawn full scientific attention and become an important issue in research.This review focuses on recent findings of naringenin against metabolic disorders including oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, inflammation, and organ toxicity. Also, this review highlights the potential sources of naringenin production.Naringenin exerts its protective effect against metabolic diseases through multiple mechanisms including its antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals, inducing antioxidant enzymes and targeting on phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein Kinase B/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (PI3K/Akt/Nrf2), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2/antioxidant responsive element (NRf2/ARE), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), and nitric oxide-cGMP-protein kinase G-induced KATP channel (NO-cGMP-PKG-KATP). Moreover, microbial production is recommended as a promising alternative method for large-scale production of naringenin. In conclusion, naringenin is a promising compound for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases. Further clinical studies and trials are needed to prove its protective effects on metabolic syndrome in the human population.

Research paper thumbnail of Renoprotective Effects of Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia mangostana Against High Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type II Diabetes in Mice

Diabetes mellitus is described as a metabolic disorder with multiple etiology, characterized by c... more Diabetes mellitus is described as a metabolic disorder with multiple etiology, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolisms. Recently, obesity has been identified as a risk factor of developing type II diabetes, at about 80-85 %. 1 out of 3 people with type II diabetes develop kidney disease. Garcinia mangostana is used as a traditional medicine in various types of disease, such as abdominal pain, dysentery, wound infections, suppuration, and chronic ulcers. Previous studies have revealed that G. mangostana has good antioxidant, antitumoral, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. In this study, an aqueous extract of xanthone derivative from G. mangostana was used, and the total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity was assessed. Mice body weight, plasma glucose level, kidney hypertrophy (KI, kidney damage indicator), kidney function test (BUN, CREA), plasma, and kidney tissue melondialdehyde level (MDA, as oxidative damage marker) were evaluated in a high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced type II diabetes mouse model. The results showed that the total phenolic compound in xanthone was 272.62±2.26 µg GAE/mg extract and, in the case of the total antioxidant capacity, % of inhibition of xanthone was 88.40±0.25 µmol TEAC/mg extract, respectively. This has significant correlation (R 2 = 0.9777) to the total phenolic content. In the in vivo study, increased body weight, plasma glucose level, kidney hypertrophy, plasma kidney profile, plasma, and kidney tissue melondialdehyde levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the HFD/STZ-induced type II diabetes mouse model. Co-treatment with xanthone significantly (P < 0.05) improved all of the biochemical parameters and body weight in the mouse model. Taken together, the results indicate that xanthone possesses a potent renoprotective effect in type II diabetes mice.

Research paper thumbnail of Anti-Glycemic and Anti-Hepatotoxic Effects of Mangosteen Vinegar Rind from Garcinia mangostana Against HFD/STZ-Induced Type II Diabetes in Mice

This study focuses on anti-glycemic and anti-hepatotoxic effects of mangosteen vinegar rind (MVR)... more This study focuses on anti-glycemic and anti-hepatotoxic effects of mangosteen vinegar rind (MVR) on fi ve weeks high-fat diet (HFD) / single dose streptozotocin (STZ) 30 mg/kg BW induced male ICR diabetic mice. Mice were randomly divided into fi ve groups (n=6), normal control, diabetic control, and diabetic groups treated with MVR 100, 200 mg/kg BW and glibenclamide 60 mg/kg BW for one week. After the treatment, lipid profi le, glycogen and bilirubin contents, oxidative damage (malondialdehyde, MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) were measured in plasma and/or liver tissues. MVR and glibenclamide treatment to HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice signifi cantly reduced their plasma glucose, plasma lipid profi le, and hepatic lipid profi le (P<0.05). Increased hepatic glycogen content indicates improvement of insulin sensitivity. Moreover, oxidative damage markers were ameliorated in MVR-and glibenclamide-treated groups compared to the diabetic control group. MVR with phenolic compounds content of 75 mg GAE/g dry weight and antioxidant potential of 303 mmol/L Trolox/g dry weight acted as a hepatoprotective agent against oxidative damage.

Research paper thumbnail of Study on in-vitro thrombolytic activity of methanolic extract of Mesua ferrea leaves

International Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2015

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the thrombolytic activity of methanolic ... more Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the thrombolytic activity of methanolic extract of leaves of Mesua ferrea. Method: Methanolic extract of Mesua ferrea.Was used to evaluate various phytochemical methods. Thrombolytic effect of the fraction was investigated in clot lysis experiment. Result: The extract exerted 36.32% lysis of the blood clot in thrombolytic activity test while 85.45% and 7.5% lysis were obtained for positive control (streptokinase) and negative control respectively. So, the extract possessed considerable thrombolytic activity. Conclusion: Our present investigations indicate that methanolic extract of leaves of Mesua ferrea exhibited considerable thrombolytic activity. There may be many pharmacologically active constituents in the fraction. So, extensive pharmacological and phytochemical experiments are essential.

Research paper thumbnail of Suppression of palmitic acid-induced hepatic oxidative injury by neohesperidin-loaded pectin-chitosan decorated nanoliposomes

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Improving the physicochemical stability and functionality of nanoliposome using green polymer for the delivery of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside

Research paper thumbnail of Potential processing technologies for developing sorghum-based food products: An update and comprehensive review

Trends in Food Science & Technology

Research paper thumbnail of Tithonia diversifolia aqueous fraction plays a protective role against alloxan-induced diabetic mice via modulating GLUT2 expression

South African Journal of Botany

Research paper thumbnail of Cold plasma: An emerging pretreatment technology for the drying of jujube slices

Research paper thumbnail of Thunbergia laurifolia leaf extract partially recovers lead-induced renotoxicity through modulating the cell signaling pathways

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Research paper thumbnail of Colonic delivery of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside using pectin-chitosan-nanoliposome: Transport mechanism and bioactivity retention

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Surface decoration of neohesperidin-loaded nanoliposome using chitosan and pectin for improving stability and controlled release

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Physiochemical changes in Citrus reticulata cv. Shatangju fruit during vesicle collapse

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro study of bioaccessibility, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside after interacting with beta-lactoglobulin and chitosan/pectin

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Research paper thumbnail of Short-Time Administration of Xanthone From Garcinia mangostana Fruit Pericarp Attenuates the Hepatotoxicity and Renotoxicity of Type II Diabetes Mice

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

Research paper thumbnail of Jujube fruit: A potential nutritious fruit for the development of functional food products

Journal of Functional Foods

Research paper thumbnail of Mangosteen Vinegar Rind from Garcinia mangostana Prevents High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type II Diabetes Nephropathy and Apoptosis

Journal of Food Science, 2019

Type II diabetes (T2D) nephropathy, a major cause of end-stage kidney disease, progresses and dev... more Type II diabetes (T2D) nephropathy, a major cause of end-stage kidney disease, progresses and develops from oxidative stress. Natural polyphenols can protect the kidney from diabetic nephropathy exerting antioxidant activities. The present approach enumerates the reno-protective and anti-apoptotic effects of mangosteen vinegar rind (MVR, a phenolic aqueous extract) against high-fat diet (5 g/day up to five weeks)-/streptozotocin (single ip, dose 30 mg/kgBW)-induced T2D nephropathy of albino mice. In vitro total phenolic content, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant capacity, and α-amylase inhibition activity as antidiabetic assay of MVR were performed. In vivo mice body weight, oral glucose, and maltose tolerance test, metabolic parameters (plasma glucose, insulin level, omeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance), biochemical parameters (kidney hypertrophy, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine), oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase) were estimated in an intervention study. Additionally, renal morphology and early apoptosis were observed following the H & E staining and TUNEL assay of the tissue frozen section. We found that the aqueous extract of MVR possesses potent in vitro antioxidative and antidiabetic activities. Animal intervention results showed that MVR 100, 200 mg/kgBW, and Glibenclamide 60 mg/kgBW treatments significantly improved (P < 0.05) the abovementioned parameters compared to the diabetic control group. Furthermore, treatments also significantly restored (P < 0.05) kidney histological alterations and reduced cellular apoptosis compared to the diabetic control group. These findings concluded that MVR treatments significantly modulated the glucose intolerance, metabolic alterations, and oxidative stress-induced pathological alterations and cellular apoptosis of diabetic kidney.

Research paper thumbnail of Liposomal Delivery of Natural Product: A Promising Approach in Health Research

Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2019

Background Natural products can exert promising nutritional and medicinal value, and traditionall... more Background Natural products can exert promising nutritional and medicinal value, and traditionally used in pursuit of health and well-being. Despite having a potential therapeutic effect, natural compounds tend to show limited biological activity due to their environmental-instability, poor solubility, gastric-degradation, uncontrolled-release, poor bioavailability, and unspecific delivery. Therefore, liposomal delivery of natural compounds has been considered as a potential tool to overcome the limitations associated with delivery in in vivo. Scope and approach Liposomes are attractive and effective nano-carriers for the delivery of natural compounds and pharmaceuticals, which can enhance their bioavailability and therapeutic effect. In this review, we critically discussed the fundamentals and generation-wise chronological liposomal improvements, affecting factors associated with the formation of liposome, and mechanism of cellular internalization. Besides, we discussed the efficiency of liposomal systems for the encapsulation and successful delivery of natural products in treating human diseases and the challenges associated with the liposomal delivery of natural products. Key findings and conclusions Formulation parameters, i.e. phospholipid type, phospholipid-to-cholesterol ratio, and encapsulated compounds could play a significant role in the liposomal preparation. Studies have shown that liposomal delivery of natural products could significantly increase the protective effect of natural product against cancer, hepato-/neuro-toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, and microbial disease. Further studies concerning the improved liposomal systems and more in vivo studies could shed a light to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of natural compounds by understanding the physicochemical stability, target mechanisms, cellular internalization and release kinetics.

Research paper thumbnail of Cytoprotective and Anti-genotoxic Effects of Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia mangostana Against H 2 O 2 Induced PBMC Cell and Blood Leukocytes Damage of Normal and Type 2 Diabetes Volunteers †1

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology, 2019

Hyperglycemia is well-known for inducing cellular oxidative damage in type II diabetes (T2D) pati... more Hyperglycemia is well-known for inducing cellular oxidative damage in type II diabetes (T2D) patients. This research addressed the cytoprotective and anti-genotoxic effect of xanthone derivatives from Garcinia mangostana against hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2)-induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and blood leukocytes damage of the normal and T2D volunteers. The cytoprotective effects of an aqueous extract of xanthone (100 and 200 µg/mL) was assessed on cell viability and free radical scavenging activity using the trypan blue exclusion method on PBMC cells. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured as cellular oxidative damage markers and estimated from culture medium of PBMCs of normal and T2D volunteers. The anti-genotoxicity was assessed as the protective effect of xanthone against H 2 O 2-induce DNA damage of blood leukocytes of the normal volunteers following comet assay technique. Xanthone and Gallic acid (control) concentrations 100, 200 and 100 µg/mL significantly (P < 0.05) protected from H 2 O 2 (20 mM)-induced oxidative damage of PBMCs. It was confirmed by increased cell viability and free radical scavenging activity coupled with the decreased MDA and LDH levels in cell culture medium compared to H 2 O 2 (20 mM)-treated group. In H 2 O 2 (40 mM)-induced blood leukocytes of normal volunteers, different concentration xanthone (50-500 µg/mL) significantly (P < 0.05) improved the anti-genotoxicity effect compared to negative/positive control group by lowering comet formation. Xanthone treatments on PBMCs and blood leukocytes of the normal and T2D volunteers could attenuate the H 2 O 2-induced cellular oxidative damage and cell death via exhibiting antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.

Research paper thumbnail of Biological properties in relation to health promotion effects of Garcinia mangostana (queen of fruit) A short report.pdf

Purpose – For the prevention and cure of disease, patient use various types of chemical and drug ... more Purpose – For the prevention and cure of disease, patient use various types of chemical and drug agents. Along with their curative effect, almost all drugs have some destructive effects and side-effects. Due to the minimal and/or none of unwanted side-effect, recently, the use of herbal remedy as the drug of choice becomes the preference choice. The mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana, contains various types of polyphenols. It has been used as a traditional medicine from the ancient times till present days. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the biological properties of mangosteen in relation to health promotion effects. Design/methodology/approach – Several research papers from well-known database (such as PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus and Sciencedirect) were reviewed without considering publication-times to understand the biological properties of mangosteen. Findings – Mangosteen and its xanthone exerted diverse biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, anti-bacteria, anti-fungal, anti-malaria, anticancer and anti-diabetes. Originality/value – Based on these studies, mangosteen is beneficial dietary supplement of overall human health.

Research paper thumbnail of A recent review of citrus flavanone naringenin on metabolic diseases and its potential sources for high yield-production

Naringenin exerts potential protective effect against metabolic disorder.Bioavailability and heal... more Naringenin exerts potential protective effect against metabolic disorder.Bioavailability and health effects of naringenin are discussed.Naringenin has the potential to be a dietary supplement against metabolic disease.Potential sources of naringenin are summarized.Metabolic syndromes are the multi-metabolic abnormality characterized by hyperlipidemia, obesity, hyperglycemia, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and neuro-dysfunction. Naringenin, a naturally occurring flavanone compound, abundantly found in citrus fruit, has demonstrated diverse biological activities. In this context, the role of naringenin in the treatment of metabolic disease and alternative sources for high-yield production of naringenin have recently drawn full scientific attention and become an important issue in research.This review focuses on recent findings of naringenin against metabolic disorders including oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes, inflammation, and organ toxicity. Also, this review highlights the potential sources of naringenin production.Naringenin exerts its protective effect against metabolic diseases through multiple mechanisms including its antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals, inducing antioxidant enzymes and targeting on phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein Kinase B/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (PI3K/Akt/Nrf2), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2/antioxidant responsive element (NRf2/ARE), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), and nitric oxide-cGMP-protein kinase G-induced KATP channel (NO-cGMP-PKG-KATP). Moreover, microbial production is recommended as a promising alternative method for large-scale production of naringenin. In conclusion, naringenin is a promising compound for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases. Further clinical studies and trials are needed to prove its protective effects on metabolic syndrome in the human population.

Research paper thumbnail of Renoprotective Effects of Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia mangostana Against High Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type II Diabetes in Mice

Diabetes mellitus is described as a metabolic disorder with multiple etiology, characterized by c... more Diabetes mellitus is described as a metabolic disorder with multiple etiology, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolisms. Recently, obesity has been identified as a risk factor of developing type II diabetes, at about 80-85 %. 1 out of 3 people with type II diabetes develop kidney disease. Garcinia mangostana is used as a traditional medicine in various types of disease, such as abdominal pain, dysentery, wound infections, suppuration, and chronic ulcers. Previous studies have revealed that G. mangostana has good antioxidant, antitumoral, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. In this study, an aqueous extract of xanthone derivative from G. mangostana was used, and the total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity was assessed. Mice body weight, plasma glucose level, kidney hypertrophy (KI, kidney damage indicator), kidney function test (BUN, CREA), plasma, and kidney tissue melondialdehyde level (MDA, as oxidative damage marker) were evaluated in a high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced type II diabetes mouse model. The results showed that the total phenolic compound in xanthone was 272.62±2.26 µg GAE/mg extract and, in the case of the total antioxidant capacity, % of inhibition of xanthone was 88.40±0.25 µmol TEAC/mg extract, respectively. This has significant correlation (R 2 = 0.9777) to the total phenolic content. In the in vivo study, increased body weight, plasma glucose level, kidney hypertrophy, plasma kidney profile, plasma, and kidney tissue melondialdehyde levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the HFD/STZ-induced type II diabetes mouse model. Co-treatment with xanthone significantly (P < 0.05) improved all of the biochemical parameters and body weight in the mouse model. Taken together, the results indicate that xanthone possesses a potent renoprotective effect in type II diabetes mice.

Research paper thumbnail of Anti-Glycemic and Anti-Hepatotoxic Effects of Mangosteen Vinegar Rind from Garcinia mangostana Against HFD/STZ-Induced Type II Diabetes in Mice

This study focuses on anti-glycemic and anti-hepatotoxic effects of mangosteen vinegar rind (MVR)... more This study focuses on anti-glycemic and anti-hepatotoxic effects of mangosteen vinegar rind (MVR) on fi ve weeks high-fat diet (HFD) / single dose streptozotocin (STZ) 30 mg/kg BW induced male ICR diabetic mice. Mice were randomly divided into fi ve groups (n=6), normal control, diabetic control, and diabetic groups treated with MVR 100, 200 mg/kg BW and glibenclamide 60 mg/kg BW for one week. After the treatment, lipid profi le, glycogen and bilirubin contents, oxidative damage (malondialdehyde, MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities, antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) were measured in plasma and/or liver tissues. MVR and glibenclamide treatment to HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice signifi cantly reduced their plasma glucose, plasma lipid profi le, and hepatic lipid profi le (P<0.05). Increased hepatic glycogen content indicates improvement of insulin sensitivity. Moreover, oxidative damage markers were ameliorated in MVR-and glibenclamide-treated groups compared to the diabetic control group. MVR with phenolic compounds content of 75 mg GAE/g dry weight and antioxidant potential of 303 mmol/L Trolox/g dry weight acted as a hepatoprotective agent against oxidative damage.

Research paper thumbnail of Study on in-vitro thrombolytic activity of methanolic extract of Mesua ferrea leaves

International Journal of Medical and Health Research, 2015

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the thrombolytic activity of methanolic ... more Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the thrombolytic activity of methanolic extract of leaves of Mesua ferrea. Method: Methanolic extract of Mesua ferrea.Was used to evaluate various phytochemical methods. Thrombolytic effect of the fraction was investigated in clot lysis experiment. Result: The extract exerted 36.32% lysis of the blood clot in thrombolytic activity test while 85.45% and 7.5% lysis were obtained for positive control (streptokinase) and negative control respectively. So, the extract possessed considerable thrombolytic activity. Conclusion: Our present investigations indicate that methanolic extract of leaves of Mesua ferrea exhibited considerable thrombolytic activity. There may be many pharmacologically active constituents in the fraction. So, extensive pharmacological and phytochemical experiments are essential.