Yiqi Zhang | Zhejiang University (original) (raw)
Papers by Yiqi Zhang
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2016
Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) aim to improve driving safety by informing drivers of... more Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) aim to improve driving safety by informing drivers of hazards with warnings in advance. The understanding of human responses to speech warnings is essential in the design of Transportation CPS to eliminate hazards and accidents. To date, many works have addressed diverse warning characteristics with experimental approaches. However, the computational model to quantify the effects of warning characteristics on human performance in responses to speech warnings is still missing. Mathematical equations were built to model the effects of lead time, loudness, and signal word choices on human perceptual, cognitive, and motor activities involved in speech warning responses. Different levels of lead time, levels of loudness, and signal word choices served as inputs in the model to predict human error rate and reaction time of speech warning responses. The model was validated with drivers' crash rates and reaction times to speech warnings of upcoming hazards in driving assistant systems in two empirical studies. Results showed a good prediction of human performance in responding to speech warnings compared to the empirical data. The application of the model to identify optimal parameter settings in the design of speech warnings in order to achieve greater safety benefits is later discussed. Index Terms-Human performance modeling, human computer interaction, intelligent transportation systems I. INTRODUCTION Deaths and injuries resulting from road traffic accidents has become a major public health problem. According to statistic data published by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in U.S., 5.3 million crashes occurred nationally in 2011 [1]. With regard to improve driving safety, recent advances in Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) aim to establish a connected transportation environment by monitoring the status of the physical worlds (e.g. sensors and actuators), connecting it with the cyber worlds (e.g., information, communication, and intelligence), and providing the integrated real-time information among multiple levels, including vehicles to vehicle communication, vehicle to infrastructures communication and in-vehicle information Manuscript received DATE; revised DATE.
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2018
Deaths and injuries resulted from traffic accidents is still a major public health problem. Recen... more Deaths and injuries resulted from traffic accidents is still a major public health problem. Recent advances in connected vehicle technology support a connected driving environment in which vehicles are enabled to communicate with each other and with roadside infrastructures via Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC). Connected vehicle safety applications supported by this technology allow drivers to learn about the traffic situations out of their sight and ahead of time so that drivers are warned early enough to make proper responses. As the connected vehicle systems (CVS) are designed with an aim to improving driver safety, the effectiveness of the CVS can not be achieved without drivers making proper responses in responding to the wireless warnings. Therefore, it is essential to understand and model the mechanism for human processing and responding to warnings from connected vehicle systems, and apply the driver model to optimize the design the CVS at the interface level and t...
Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2015
As an important application of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), advances in intelligent transportati... more As an important application of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), advances in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) improve driving safety by informing drivers of hazards with warnings in advance. The evaluation of the warning effectiveness is an important issue in facilitating communication of ITS. The goal of the present study was to develop a scale to evaluate the warning utility, namely, the effectiveness of a warning in preventing accidents in general. A driving simulator study was conducted to validate the Verbal Warning Utility Scale (VWUS) in a simulated driving environment. The reliability analysis indicated a good split-half reliability for the VWUS with a Spearman-Brown Coefficient of 0.873. The predictive validity of VWUS in measuring the effectiveness of the verbal warnings was verified by the significant prediction of safety benefits indicated by variables, including reduced kinetic energy and collision rate. Compared to conducting experimental studies, this scale provid...
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2015
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2013
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the a... more This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit:
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2016
Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) aim to improve driving safety by informing drivers of... more Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) aim to improve driving safety by informing drivers of hazards with warnings in advance. The understanding of human responses to speech warnings is essential in the design of Transportation CPS to eliminate hazards and accidents. To date, many works have addressed diverse warning characteristics with experimental approaches. However, the computational model to quantify the effects of warning characteristics on human performance in responses to speech warnings is still missing. Mathematical equations were built to model the effects of lead time, loudness, and signal word choices on human perceptual, cognitive, and motor activities involved in speech warning responses. Different levels of lead time, levels of loudness, and signal word choices served as inputs in the model to predict human error rate and reaction time of speech warning responses. The model was validated with drivers' crash rates and reaction times to speech warnings of upcoming hazards in driving assistant systems in two empirical studies. Results showed a good prediction of human performance in responding to speech warnings compared to the empirical data. The application of the model to identify optimal parameter settings in the design of speech warnings in order to achieve greater safety benefits is later discussed. Index Terms-Human performance modeling, human computer interaction, intelligent transportation systems I. INTRODUCTION Deaths and injuries resulting from road traffic accidents has become a major public health problem. According to statistic data published by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in U.S., 5.3 million crashes occurred nationally in 2011 [1]. With regard to improve driving safety, recent advances in Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) aim to establish a connected transportation environment by monitoring the status of the physical worlds (e.g. sensors and actuators), connecting it with the cyber worlds (e.g., information, communication, and intelligence), and providing the integrated real-time information among multiple levels, including vehicles to vehicle communication, vehicle to infrastructures communication and in-vehicle information Manuscript received DATE; revised DATE.
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2018
Deaths and injuries resulted from traffic accidents is still a major public health problem. Recen... more Deaths and injuries resulted from traffic accidents is still a major public health problem. Recent advances in connected vehicle technology support a connected driving environment in which vehicles are enabled to communicate with each other and with roadside infrastructures via Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC). Connected vehicle safety applications supported by this technology allow drivers to learn about the traffic situations out of their sight and ahead of time so that drivers are warned early enough to make proper responses. As the connected vehicle systems (CVS) are designed with an aim to improving driver safety, the effectiveness of the CVS can not be achieved without drivers making proper responses in responding to the wireless warnings. Therefore, it is essential to understand and model the mechanism for human processing and responding to warnings from connected vehicle systems, and apply the driver model to optimize the design the CVS at the interface level and t...
Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2015
As an important application of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), advances in intelligent transportati... more As an important application of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), advances in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) improve driving safety by informing drivers of hazards with warnings in advance. The evaluation of the warning effectiveness is an important issue in facilitating communication of ITS. The goal of the present study was to develop a scale to evaluate the warning utility, namely, the effectiveness of a warning in preventing accidents in general. A driving simulator study was conducted to validate the Verbal Warning Utility Scale (VWUS) in a simulated driving environment. The reliability analysis indicated a good split-half reliability for the VWUS with a Spearman-Brown Coefficient of 0.873. The predictive validity of VWUS in measuring the effectiveness of the verbal warnings was verified by the significant prediction of safety benefits indicated by variables, including reduced kinetic energy and collision rate. Compared to conducting experimental studies, this scale provid...
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2015
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2013
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the a... more This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: