The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church (original) (raw)

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Biographical Dictionary Paul VI (1963-1978) Consistory of March 5, 1973 (IV)

(89) 1. LUCIANI, Albino
(1912-1978)

Birth. October 17, 1912, at noon, Vicolo Rividella 8, Forno di Canale (currently Canale d'Argordo), diocese of Feltre e Belluno, Italy. Son of Giovanni Luciani (1872-1952), a bricklayer, and Bortola Tancon (1879-1947), a pious woman and catechist (they married in 1911); they had had four children: Albino (1912-1978), Tranquillo Federico (1915-1916), Edoardo (1917-2008) and Antonia (1920-2009). The father, Giovanni, by 1906 had lost his first wife, Rosa Fiocco, with whom he had two deaf-mute daughters, Amalia and Pia, and three sons all called Albino who had died within a few months of life. He was baptized the same day at home, by the midwife, as he was in danger of death. Baptism was formalized in the church of St. John the Baptists by the curate, Don Achille Ronzon, October 19, 1912. Received the sacrament of confirmation on September 26, 1919, from Bishop Giosuè Cattarossi of Feltre e Belluno.

Education. Initial studies, elementary school, Forno di Canale, from October 1918; then, he studied at the Seminary of Feltre; later, at the Gregorian Seminary of Belluno; and finally, at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, where he obtained a doctorate in theology on February 27, 1947; with the thesis: The origin of the human soul according to Antonio Rosmini.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 7, 1935, church of S. Pietro, Belluno. Pastoral ministry in diocese of Belluno, faculty member and vice-rector of its seminary, 1937-1947. Secretary of the interdiocesan synod of Feltre e Belluno, 1948. Pro-vicar general of Belluno, 1948-1954; vicar general, 1954-1958.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Vittorio Veneto, December 15, 1958. Consecrated, December 27, 1958, patriarchal Vatican basilica, by Pope John XXIII, assisted by Girolamo Bartolomeo Bortignon, O.F.M.Cap., bishop of Padua, and by Gioacchino Muccin, bishop of Feltre e Belluno. In the same ceremony were consecrated Cardinal Domenico Tardini, secretary of State; and future Cardinals Carlo Grano, titular archbishop of Tessalonica, nuncio to Italy; Angelo Dell'Acqua, titular archbishop of Chalcedonia, substitute of the Secretariat of State; Giuseppe Ferretto, titular archbishop of Sardica, assessor of the S.C. Consistorial; and Mario Casariego y Acevedo, C.R.S., titular bishop of Pudenziana and auxiliary of Guatemala. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. His episcopal motto was Humilitas. Promoted to the patriarchal see of Venice, December 15, 1969. Attended the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971. Host to Pope Paul VI during the papal visit to Venice, September 15, 1972.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Marco, March 5, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974; the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978 and was elected pope.

Papacy. Elected pope on August 26, 1978. Took the name John Paul I. Inauguration of the pontificate, September 3, 1978; received pallium from Cardinal Pericle Felici, protodeacon of S. Apollinare (1).

Death. September 28, 1978, of a heart attack, Vatican City. Buried on October 4, 1978 in the grotto of the patriarchal Vatican basilica.

Beatification. On June 17, 2003, Pope John Paul II authorized the opening, at diocesan level, of the process for his beatification. Rev. Pasquale Liberatore, S.D.B., general postulator of the Salesians, announced that the cause of beatification would start on November 23, 2003, feast of Christ the King, in the cathedral of Belluno, diocese of origin of the pope. Fr. Liberatore was charged to follow the cause by Vincenzo Savio, S.D.B., bishop of Belluno-Feltre. The diocesan phase of the cause of beatification of Pope John Paul I opened Sunday, November 23, 2003, in the cathedral of Belluno, in the presence of Cardinal José Saraiva Martins, prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints. On November 10, 2006, the diocesan phase was concluded in the same cathedral, presided by Giuseppe Andrich, bishop of Belluno, and in the presence of the postulator, don Enrico Dal Covolo, and the vice postulator, Monsignor Giorgio Lise. One hundred and ninety testimonies were gathered between Belluno, Vittorio Veneto and Venice. The cause of beatification was re-started in July 2016 with a new postulator, Cardinal Beniamino Stella, prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy. On November 8, 2017, Pope Francis authorized the Congregation for the Causes of the Saints to promulgate the decree regarding his heroic virtues and he received the title of Venerable. His birthplace, bought by Cardinal Beniamino Stella, was donated by the latter to the diocese of Vittorio Veneto on August 2, 2019. On October 13, 2021, Pope Francis authorized the same Congregation to promulgate the decrees regarding the miracle attributed to the intercession of the Venerable Servant of God John Paul I. He was beatified on September 4, 2022.

Bibliography. Andreoli, Claudio Alberto. Albino Luciani, Giovanni Paolo I Un uomo di Dio un Papa Santo. Prefazione Cardinale Pietro Parolin. Città del Vaticano : Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2017; Bertolone, Vincenzo, Presiediamo se serviamo, in L'Osservatore Romano, Anno CLV n. 191 (47.029), Città del Vaticano, lunedì-martedì 24-25 agosto 2015, p. 7; Falasca, Stefania. Mio fratello Albino. Ricordi e memorie della sorella di Papa Luciani. Reportage fotografico di Massimo Quattrucci. Con le prefazioni del cardinale Aloísio Lorscheider e presentazione di Giulio Andreotti. Italy : Trenta Giorni Soc. Coop, 2003; John Paul I, Pope, 1912-1978. Illustrissimi. Letters from Pope John Paul I. Translated from the Italian by William Weaver. Boston ; Toronto : Little, Brown and Company, © 1976, 1978; Roncalli, Marco. Giovanni Paolo I. Albino Luciani. Cinisello Balsamo, San Paolo Edizioni, 2012. (Tempi e figure); Vian. Giovanni. "Giovanni Paolo I." Enciclopedia dei papi. 3 vols. Roma : Istituto della Enciclopedia italiana, 2000, III, 674-681; Vian, Giovanni. Albino Luciani dal Veneto al mondo. Roma : Viella, 2010.

Webgraphy. Biography, in English, The Vatican; same biography, in Italian; biography, in English, Encyclopaedia Britannica; biography by Giovanni Vian, in Italian, Enciclopedia dei papi, 2000, Treccani; his episcopal lineage by Charles N. Bransom, Jr., in English, Apostolic Succession & Episcopal Lineages in the Roman Catholic Church; photo, arms and documents, The Vatican; photograp and arms as cardinal and as pope, Araldica Varicana; Centro di Spiritualità e Cultura Papa Luciani, in Italian;

1978

'Little Man Accustomed to Little Things . . .' by J. Y. Smith, The Washington Post, September 30, 1978;

2012

«Papa Luciani beato entro quest'anno», Corriere delle Alpi, 24 giugno 2012; Giovanni Paolo I presto beato La svolta? Un miracolo 'pugliese' by Antonino D'Anna, Martedì, Affaritaliani.it, 3 luglio 2012 - 12:54:00; Juan Pablo I y Pablo VI podrían subir a los altares durante Año de la Fe, ACI Prensa, 10 Jul. 12 / 06:09 am; Cardinal Saraiva Martins optimistic about the beatification of Paul VI and John Paul I, Rome Reports, 2012-07-20 19:09:47; Juan Pablo I: Papa de la verdad desde la sencillez, del amor desde la humildad, de la frescura evangélica en migajas by Jesús de las Heras Muela, Ecclesia, posted 7 agosto, 2012; The Second Vatican Council according to Albino Luciani by Andrea Tornielli, Vatican Insider, 08/ 6/2012.08; En el primer centenario del nacimiento del Papa Luciani by María Fernanda Bernasconi -- RV, Vatican Radio, news.va, 2012-08-20; Albino Luciani inédito. Entrevista a Marco Roncalli, biógrafo de Juan Pablo I (parte 1). By Renzo Allegri, Zenit, 23-08-2012; Albino Luciani inédito: Entrevista a Marco Roncalli, biógrafo de Juan Pablo I by Renzo Allegri, parte segunda y final, Revista Ecclesia, 24 agosto, 2012; Pellegrini sulle orme di papa Luciani by Giuseppe Bratti, Avvenire, 25 agosto 2012; 34 yrs have passed since the election of John Paul I, one of the shortest papacies in history, Rome Reports, 2012-08-26 08:00:00; The heritage of Albino Luciani on the centenary of his birth, L'Osservatore Romano, news.va, 2012-08-26; John Paul I: no coronation, no tiara, no fanfare..., Also featured are a series of comments by some of those who personally knew him. Among them three cardinals: the late Cardinal John Patrick Foley, Cardinal William Wakefield Baum and Cardinal Prosper Grech, O.S.A., Vatican Radio, news.va, 2012-08-27; «Giovanni Paolo I: innamorato di Dio, dono per la Chiesa» by Vincenzo Bertolone, arcivescovo di Catanzaro-Squillance, in Italian, Avvenire, 15 dicembre 2012;

2013

Papa Luciani, sacerdote che si è lasciato guidare da Dio by Marco Roncalli, Avvenire, 24 agosto 2013; «Luciani, immagine viva del Buon Pastore» by Pietro Parolin apostolic nuncio to Venezuela, Avvenire, 3 settembre 2013;

2014

Il pregio del dire umile. Giovanni Paolo I nel ricordo del cardinale Stella, L'Osservatore Romano, 26 agosto 2014;

2015

A look back at the Conclave that elected Albino Luciani Pope by Andrea Tornielli, Vatican Insider, 08/25/2015;

2016

La misericordia di Dio spiegata da Albino Luciani by Andrea Tornielli, Vatican Insider, 26/08/2015; A look back: 37 years ago, John Paul I was elected Pope, Rome Reports, 2015-08-26; Belluno, conclusa la positio su Papa Luciani, Vatican Insider, 27/08/2015; Giovanni Paolo I, passo verso gli altari by Giuseppe Bratti, Avvenire, 27 agosto 2015; La figura e il mondo di Luciani, L'Oservatore Romano, 23 agosto 2016; Luciani e il mistero della luna, L'Osservatore Romano, 25 agosto 2016; Museum Dedicated to 'the Smiling Pope' John Paul I to Open in Northern Italy by Eise Harris, Vatican City, CNA/EWTN News, 08/25/2016; John Paul I museum showcases inspiration for Pope Francis by John L. Allen, Jr., Crux, August 22, 2016; Albino Luciani, un Papa «apostolo del Concilio» by Stefania Falasca, Avvenire, 25 agosto 2016; Con l'humilitas del catechista, L'Osservatore Romano, 26 agosto 2016;

2017

El cardenal Parolin espera la beatificación de Juan Pablo I, Zenit, 30 agosto 2017; New Book Reveals Details of Pope John Paul I’s Death by Hannah Brockhaus, Catholic Register, CNA/EWTN News, Rome, Nov. 6, 2017; Juan Pablo I podría ser declarado venerable por el Papa Francisco, ACI, Vaticano, 07 Nov. 17 / 05:40 pm; Pope puts John Paul I on path to sainthood, declares him 'venerable' by Junno Arocho Esteves, The Pilot, CNS, Vatican City, 11/9/2017; El Papa aprueba el Decreto de virtudes heroicas de Juan Pablo I by Rosa Die Alcolea, Zenit, 9 noviembre 2017; Giovanni Paolo I venerabile: Francesco ha firmato il decreto by Giada Aquilino, Radio Vaticana, audio, 2017-11-09; Papa Luciani, Pontificato tra umiltà e dolcezza by Amedeo Lomonaco, Radio Vaticana, audio, 2017-11-09; Juan Pablo I, venerable, Ecclesia Digital, 9 de noviembre 2017; Pope puts John Paul I on path to sainthood, declares him 'venerable' by Junno Arocho Esteves, Catholic News Service, Vatican City, 11.9.2017 4:55 AM ET; Juan Pablo I ya es venerable: El Papa Francisco firma el decreto de sus virtudes heroicas, ACI, 09 Nov. 17 / 05:11 am; Pope John Paul I Moves Forward on Path to Sainthood by Elise Harris, CNA/EWTN News, The Pilot, Vatican City, Nov. 9, 2017; Who was Albino Luciani, the 'smiling Pope'? by Elise Harris, The Boston Pilot, CNA/EWTN News, Vatican City, Nov 17, 2017; Venerable Juan Pablo I: legado, profecía, actualidad by Jesús de las Heras, Ecclesia Digital, 18 noviembre 2017; Luciani spoke to Sr. Lucia of apostasy and the problems of the Church by Andrea Tornielli, Vatican Insider, pubblicato il 12/05/2017, ultima modifica il 12/05/2017 alle ore 12:08;

2018

L’umiltà come motto episcopale. Presentato dal cardinale Stella un libro su Albino Luciani vescovo di Vittorio Veneto by Beniamino Stella, L'Osservatore Romano, 10 marzo 2018; Apostolo del concilio. Giovanni Paolo I nel ricordo del cardinale Parolin, L'Osservatore Romano, 13 marzo 2018; Papa Luciani, 40 anni fa l’elezione al soglio di Pietro by Amedeo Lomonaco, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 26 agosto 2018, 08:00, with audio and video; 40 years ago: Cardinal Luciani elected Pope, Vatican News, 28 August 2018, 13:58, with video; Weg frei für Seligsprechung von Papst Johannes Paul I. by Mario Galgano, Vatican News, Vatikanstadt, 09 November 2017, 12:17;

2018

Seltenes Ton-Dokument: Johannes Paul I. auf Deutsch, Vatican News, 27 September 2018, 11:22, with audio; 40th anniversary of the death of John Paul I, Albino Luciani by Father Thomas Rosica, CSB, Salt&Light, September 27, 2018; A Smile upon Humanity for 33 Days by Father Thomas Rosica, CSB, Salt&Light, September 27, 2018; Giovanni Paolo I: l’amore può tutto by Alessandro Di Bussolo, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 28 settembre 2018, 08:30, with video; Albino Luciani, una vita donata alla Chiesa nell’umiltà e nella responsabilità by Ettore Malnati, Vatican Insider, Trieste, 29/09/2018 alle ore 13:02;

2019

Giovanni Paolo I buon pastore a immagine di Cristo. La prima biografia completa by Beniamino Stella, L'Osservatore Romano, 02 agosto 2019; Pope John Paul I’s Defense of Life Undimmed by His Brief Papacy by Donald DiMarco, National Catholic Register, Aug. 28, 2019; Wellington e la battaglia di Waterloo. L’Angelus di Giovanni Paolo I del 17 settembre 1978, L'Osservatore Romano, 16 settembre 2019; Il Papa letterato. Nell’anniversario della morte di Giovanni Paolo I by Stefania Falasca, L'Osservatore Romano, 27 settembre 2019; Giovanni Paolo I . Il pensiero di Luciani e la risalita dell' Europa by Davide Fiocco, Avvenire, domenica 29 settembre 2019;

2020

Rescriptum Ex Audientia SS.MI: Rescritto del Santo Padre Francesco con cui si stabilisce l’istituzione della Fondazione Vaticana Giovanni Paolo I, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 28.04.2020; Pope Francis creates Vatican John Paul I Foundation, Vatican News, 28 April 2020, 12:00; John Paul I still relevant todayby Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Vatican News, 28 April 2020, 13:30; L’attualità di Papa Luciani by Pietro Parolin, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 aprile 2020; Francesco istituisce la Fondazione vaticana Giovanni Paolo I, Pietro Card. Parolin Segretario di Stato di Sua Santità, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 aprile 2020; Francis creates foundation dedicated to John Paul I, the ‘smiling pope’ by Elise Ann Allen, Crux, Rome, Apr 28, 2020; Papa Luciani, nasce la Fondazione vaticana Giovanni Paolo I per diffonderne insegnamenti e pensiero by Salvatore Cernuzio, Vatican Insider, 28 Aprile 2020 12:04; Juan Pablo I, punto de referencia para la historia de la Iglesia, Ecclesia Digital, 10 mayo, 2020; #lucianiperme: l'iniziativa per la riapertura del museo dedicato a Giovanni Paolo I by Debora Donnini, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 01 luglio 2020, 14:37, with audio; Il tesoro di una dignità sapienziale. Il 26 agosto 1978 l’elezione di Giovanni Paolo I by Beniamino Stella, L'Osservatore Romano, 25 agosto 2020; Il concilio di Albino Luciani by Andrea Tornielli, L'Osservatore Romano, 26 agosto 2020; Giovanni Paolo I: l’umiltà e la semplicità che hanno conquistato il mondo by Fabio Zavattaro, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 26 agosto 2020; Giovanni Paolo I: mons. Perego (Ferrara), “la preferenza per i poveri lo ha accompagnato per tutta la sua vita”, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 26 agosto 2020 @ 18:08; Papa Luciani, 42 anni fa l’elezione: manca il riconoscimento del miracolo e sarà beato by Salvatore Cernuzio, Vatican Insider, 26 Agosto 2020; John Paul I: the faith of the "Smiling Pope” in Vatican II, Vatican News, 26 August 2020, 13:37; Juan Pablo I: Primera biografía completa by Hélène Ginabat, Zenit, agosto 27, 2020 17:38; El Vaticano analiza un posible milagro en la Argentina para beatificar al papa Juan Pablo I by Mariano De Vedia, anacion.com, 4 de septiembre de 2020; Veredicto médico ‘positivo’ sobre milagro por intercesión de Juan Pablo I by Ary Waldir Ramos Díaz, Aleteia, Sep 12, 2020; Juan Pablo I: 42º aniversario de su muerte by Larissa I. López, Zenit, septiembre 28, 2020 13:43; Giovanni Paolo I, un’intera collana dedicata alla sua vita by Eugenio Bonanata, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 23 ottobre 2020, 08:32, with video and audio; Giovanni Paolo I, gli italiani di Francia “firmano” il primo atto in vista della beatificazione, Vatican Insider, Roma, 28 Ottobre 2020 23:10; L'archivio di Papa Luciani ora trasloca in Vaticano, riconosciuto il suo miracolo by Andreabenedetti, ilgazzettino.it, Il Sismografo, domenica 15 novembre 2020;

2021

Un mosaico splendente di interpretazioni. Dante e i Papi. L’amore per il sommo poeta in Albino Luciani by Gabriella M. Di Paola Dollorenzo, L'Osservatore Romano, 05 febbraio 2021; Comunicato della Santa Sede: Fondazione Vaticana Giovanni Paolo I a un anno dalla nascita, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, 28.04.2021; Lo specchio di carta di Luciani. A un anno dalla nascita della Fondazione vaticana Giovanni Paolo I by Stefania Falasca, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 aprile 2021; In rete. Un sito alla settimana. Online il sito della Fondazione Giovanni Paolo I by Fabio Bolzetta, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 aprile 2021; Giovanni Paolo I: ritorna a Roma l’Archivio personale by M. Michela Nicolais, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 28 aprile 2021; Torna a Roma l’archivio privato di Giovanni Paolo I by Francesco Moraglia, Patriarch of Venice, L'Osservatore Romano, 28 aprile 2021; Terminato il recupero dei tre piani La casa di “don Albino” aprirà il 9 by Francesco Dal Mas, Corriere delle Alpi, 01 Maggio 2021; Il gesto. Casa di Albino Luciani, il cardinale Stella era l'anonimo «benefattore» by Francesco Dal Mas, Avvenire, lunedì 23 agosto 2021; Giovanni Paolo I, il Cardinale Stella celebrerà la Messa per ricordarne l’elezione by Andrea Gagliarducci, ACI Stampa, Canale d'Agordo, 25 agosto, 2021 / 3:00 PM; Papa Luciani, il miracolo by Stefania Falasca. Avvenire, 26-AGO-2021; John Paul I, who was pope for 33 days, is likely to be beatified in 2022 by Gerard O’Connell, America, The Jesuit Review, August 26, 2021; Nella biblioteca donde se formò il futuro Papa by Stefania Falasca, Avvenire, 27-AGO-2021; Beatification of ‘the Smiling Pope’ likely to be approved this fall by Elise Ann Allen, Crux, Rome, Aug 28, 2021; Juan Pablo I, el Papa con vocación de periodista by José María Zavala, La Razón, 26-09-2021 | 11:06 H; Luciani, tanto più grande quanto più umile: l’omaggio di Canale a 43 anni dalla morte by Francesco dal Mas, Il Sismografo, Corriere dele Alpi, Canale, 29 Settembre 2021; Papa Luciani beato prima di Pasqua, via libera dai cardinali ora manca solo il decreto di Francesco by Franca Giansoldati, Il Messagero, Città del Vaticano, lunedì 11 Ottobre 2021, 19:25; Papa Luciani sarà proclamato beato, L'Osservatore Romano, 13 ottobre 2021; Sugli altari. Papa Luciani sarà presto beato by Stefania Falasca, Avvenire, mercoledì 13 ottobre 2021; John Paul I, pope who reigned for only 33 days, moves closer to sainthood by Philip Pullella, Reuters, Vatican City, October 13, 2021 8:13 AM EDT; Pope John Paul I on the road to sainthood, Vatican News, 13 October 2021, 11:49; Pope John Paul I – a miracle clears him for beatification, Vatican News, 13 October 2021, 12:49; Giovanni Paolo I beato: Istituto Toniolo, “il Papa del sorriso esprime il volto di una comunità cristiana ricca di fede”, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 13 Ottobre 2021 @ 18:38; La niña argentina del milagro de Juan Pablo I, Télam, Il Sismografo, mercoledì 13 ottobre 2021; El Papa Juan Pablo I será beato, La Razón, 13-10-2021 | 13:49 H; John Paul I, "the smiling pope," to be beatified, La Croix International, October 13, 2021; Jean Paul Ier reconnu bienheureux, Aleteia, 13/10/21; Le miracle qui va faire de Jean Paul Ier un bienheureux by Agnès Pinard Legry, Aleteia, 13/10/21; Pope John Paul I to be beatified, Independent Catholic News, Oct 14th, 2021; Giovanni Paolo I. La nipote Pia Luciani: «Mio zio Papa, sobrio e deciso» by Francesco Dal Mas, Avvenire, Caviola (Belluno), giovedì 14 ottobre 2021; Juan Pablo I será beato. Desde el siglo XI no había cuatro Papas santos seguidos by María Martínez López, alfayomega, 13 Octubre 2021; Le miracle qui va faire de Jean Paul Ier un bienheureux by Agnès Pinard Legry, Aleteia, 13/10/21; Albino Lucian, il papa del sorriso che rinunciò al «noi» e dise: »Dio è anche madre» by Luigi Accattoli, Corriere della Sera, Il Sismografo, giovedì 14 ottobre 2021; Papa Luciani presto beato: la comunità del bellunese in festa by Federico Piana, Vatican News, Città del Vaticano, 14 ottobre 2021, 14:06, with audio; A família brasileira de João Paulo I by Bianca Fraccalvieri, Vatican News, Cidade do Vaticano, 15 outubro 2021, 13:06, with audio; Así se gestó el milagro que permitirá la beatificación de Juan Pablo I by Giselle Vargas, ACI Prensa, 15 de octubre de 2021 - 5:40 PM; Was Pope John Paul I murdered? by Michelle La Rosa, The Pillar, Oct 15, 2021; Giovanni Paolo I diventa beato. Accattoli: “L’umiltà primo titolo della sua santità” by Alessandra Stoppini, santaalessandro.org, 22 Ottobre 2021; Giovanni Paolo I beato: Falasca (vicepostulatrice), “l’umiltà rappresenta per lui l’essenza del cristianesimo”, Servizio Informazione Religiosa, 28 Ottobre 2021 @ 13:30; Radio-Akademie Johannes Paul I.: Die schönsten Aufnahmen (1), Vatican News, 07 November 2021, 10:33, with audio; Radio-Akademie Johannes Paul I.: Die schönsten Aufnahmen (4), Vatican News, 18 November 2021, 14:21; Radio-Akademie Johannes Paul I.: Die schönsten Aufnahmen (3), Vatican News, 21 November 2021, 09:09, with video and audio; John Paul I was pope for just 33 days. The story of his death is still evolving by Chico Harlan and Stefano Pitrelli, The Washington Post, December 7, 2021, with video; Quelle domande dagli Usa sulla morte di papa Luciani by Francesco Boezi, il Giornale, 12 Dicembre 2021 - 08:20; Il Papa a Padrin: Luciani beato entro fine 2022, Corriere delle Alpi, Belluno, 15 Dicembre 2021; Giovanni Paolo I beato: il 4 settembre 2022 in San Pietro il rito presieduto dal Papa. Mons. Pizziolo (Vittorio Veneto), “inizieremo a prepararci con più solerzia”, Servizo Informazione Religiosa, 23 Dicembre 2021 @ 18:46; Città del Vaticano. Giovanni Paolo I sarà beatificato domenica 4 settembre 2022 by Stefania Falasca, Avvenire, giovedì 23 dicembre 2021; El papa Juan Pablo I será beatificado el 4 de septiembre de 2022 en la Plaza San Pedro, infobae, 23 de Diciembre de 2021;

2022

(1) Pope John Paul I abolished the ceremony of the papal coronation, which had been in use for centuries, and replaced it with the imposition of the pallium, symbol of his jurisdiction and pastoral care over the Universal Church.

(90) 2. RIBEIRO, António
(1928-1998)

Birth. May 21, 1928, Pereira, Gandarela de Basto, archdiocese of Braga, Portugal. Only child of José Ribeiro and Ana Gonçalves, landlords; his father, who was much older than his mother, died when António was eighteen months old. He was baptized on May 28, 1928, in the local parish of São Clemente, by Father José Texeira de Andrade. He is also known as D. António II.

Education. Initial studies in Pereira and catechism in the church of São Clemente; from 1941 until 1946, he studied at the Minor Seminary of Nossa Senhora da Conceição of Braga; then, he studied philosophy and theology at the Major Conciliar Seminary of Braga; after his priestly ordination, in 1953, he was sent to study at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, where he obtained a doctorate in theology on March 9, 1959, with the dissertation A Doutrina do Evo em S. Tomás de Aquino. Ensaio sobre a duração da alma separada; while in Rome, he resided in Colégio Português.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 5, 1953, Braga, by António Bento Martins Júnior, archbishop of Braga. Incardinated in the archdiocese of Braga. He celebrated his first Mass in the church of São Clemente on the following July 12. Further studies in Rome, 1953-1959. Cardinal Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira, patriarch of Lisbon, asked Father António's transference to the patriarchate. Faculty member of the Instituto Superior de Ciêncis Sociais e Política Ultramarina (Universidade Técnica de Lisboa), 1964-1967, where he taught social philosophy, moral philosophy and social psychology. Faculty member and director of the Superior Institute of Catholic Culture, 1965-1967, where he taught introduction to theology, methodology of the social sciences and social doctrine of the Church. Diocesan assistant, and later national assistant, of the Liga Universitária Católica, 1958-1967. He was also assistant of the professional associations of physicians, pharmacists, jurists, engineers and professors. Vicar general of the archdiocese of Braga, 1966-1967. In Rádio e Televisão de Portugal, from 1959 to 1964, he had a weekly program on Saturdays entitled "Encruzilhadas da Vida"; and later, from 1964 to 1967, on Sundays, the program "Dia do Senhor". He was selected to succeed Bishop Sebastião Soares de Resende of Beira, Moçambique, but the Portuguese regime vetoed the promotion (1). This was the only veto in the more than fifty years of existence of the concordat between Portugal and the Holy See.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Tigillava and appointed auxiliary of Braga, July 3, 1967. Consecrated, September 17, 1967, at the metropolitan cathedral of Braga, by Cardinal Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira, patriarch of Lisbon, assisted by Francisco Maria da Silva, archbishop of Braga, and by António de Castro Xavier Monteiro, titular archbishop of Mitilene, auxiliary of Lisbon. His episcopal motto was Ex fide in fidem. Named vicar general of Braga in 1967. President of the Episcopal Commission for Social Communications, 1968-1971. Secretary of the Portuguese Episcopal Conference, 1968-1971. Realized several pastoral visits in the Northeast region. Named auxiliary bishop of Lisbon, June 6, 1969. National assistant to the lay apostolate and general assistant of the Catholic Action, 1969-1971. Rector of the church dos Mártires, Lisbon. Promoted to the patriarchate of Lisbon, May 10, 1971; took possession of the see on the following June 29. He was the fifteenth cardinal patriarch of Lisbon. Attended the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971. Grand chancellor of the Portuguese Catholic University, October 1, 1917. Military vicar of Portugal, January 24, 1972. President of the Episcopal Commission for the Portuguese Catholic University, July 10, 1972.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana, March 5, 1973. Member of the SS. CC. for Catholic Education and for the Clergy; of the Pontifical Council for Culture; and of the Pontifical Commission for Social Communications, for more than fifteen years. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974; the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977; one of its three presidents delegate. President of the Portuguese Episcopal Conference, 1975-1981; and 1987-1983. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980; the Seventh Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 1 to 30, 1987; the Eighth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 28, 1990. Member of the Pontifical Commission for the Revision of the Code of Canon Law, 1981-1984. Elected sócio of the Academy of Sciences of Lisbon, class of letters, November 14, 1989. Special papal envoy to the 5th centennial celebration of the evangelization of Angola, Luanda, October 22 to 27, 1991. Attended the Special Assembly of the Synod of Bishops for Europe, Vatican City, November 28 to December 14, 1991; the Fourth General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, October 12 to 28, 1992. Special papal envoy to the Fifth centennial celebration of the Treaty of Tordesillas, Setúbal, Portugal, September 5, 1994. He presided over the wedding ceremony of Duarte Pio de Bragança, pretender to the Portuguese throne, and Isabel de Herédia, on May 13, 1995. During his patriarchate occurred the transition between dictatorship and democracy in Portugal. He spent his last months at Seminário de São José in Caparide, which he had founded in 1984. He wrote and published several works (2).

Death. March 24, 1998, from advanced stages of cancer, at Clínica de Santo António in Amadora. Buried in the tomb of the patriarchs in the church of São Vicente de Fora, Lisbon (3). A monument commemorating him was erected in Britelo, Basto; a street, Rua Cardeal Patriarca Dom António Ribeiro, in Agualva-Cacém, Lisbon, was given his name; and a bust was placed in his native town, Gandarela de Basto, in the square named after him.

Bibliography. Ferreira, António Matos. "D. António Ribeiro (1971-1998)" in Os patriarcas de Lisboa. Coordenação D. Carlos Azevedo, Sandra Costa Saldanha, António Pedro Boto de Oliveira. Palavra de apresentação do Cardeal Patriarca, D. José da Cruz Policarpo. Lisboa : Centro Cultural do Patriarcado de Lisboa; Alêtheia Editores, 2009, p. 161-177; Santos, José António. António Ribeiro, Patriarca de Lisboa. Lisboa : Editorial Notícias, 1996. (Diario de notícias textos & documentos).

Webgraphy. His photograph and biography, in Portuguese, Wikipedia; brief biographical entry, in Portuguese, in Os Cardeais Portugueses, patriarcado de Lisboa; his photograph and genealogy, in Portugues, Geneall.net; his arms, Araldlca Vaticana; house where he was born, Pereira; Fundação D. António Ribeiro, Universidade Católica Portuguesa; Cardeal António Ribeiro, 10 anos depois by Luís Filipe Santos, in Portuguese, Agência Ecclesia, 2008-03-24; Lisboa: Patriarcado celebra 50 anos da entrada solene de D. António Ribeiro na Sé Agência Ecclesoa, Lisboa, Nov 11, 2021 - 14:53; Igreja/Portugal: «D. António Ribeiro tem a capacidade de estabelecer um novo relacionamento com o poder político» – (c/vídeo) by Paula Borges Santos, Agência Ecclesoa, Lisboa, Abr 6, 2022 - 15:29.

(1) In December 1964, Pope Paul VI went to Bombay, India, to preside the 38th International Eucharistic Congress. India and Portugal had broken diplomatic relations in 1961 when the former annexed Goa. Father Ribeiro tried to speak about the subject in his program "Encruzilhadas da Vida" but he was censored and impeded from expressing himself. He protested and for several weeks the program was cancelled. (2) Besides his doctoral dissertation, he also wrote O Conceito de Socialização na Encíclica "Mater et Magistra, "Actas do Congresso Internacional dos Farmacêuticos Católicos", 1963; A Natureza Religiosa do Apostolado, Editora Logos, Lisboa, 1965; Caminhos de Unidade, "Actas da V Semana Portuguesa de Teologia", Lisboa, 1967; e edição da Gráfica de Coimbra, 1968; Existéncia e Utilição dos Tempos Livres: Problema Social e Cristão, Editora Logos, Lisboa, 1967; O Padre na Igreja, Editora Rei dos Livros, 1992; Arautos e Construtores de Um Mundo Novo, homilias a universitários, CeUC, 1992; Documentos Pastorais, Volume I, Editora Rei dos Livros, 1996; and several pastoral letters. (3) This is the inscription on his vault, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:D. ANTONIO RIBEIRO MCMLXXI－MCMXCVIII

(91) 3. PIGNEDOLI, Sergio
(1910-1980)

Birth. June 4, 1910, Felina di Reggio Emilia, diocese of Reggio Emilia, Italy. Son of Omero Pignedoli and Emma Peretti. Baptized on June 7, 1910.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Reggio Emilia (classics); at the Catholic University of Milan, where he earned a doctorate in letters; at the Pontifical Lateran Athenaeum, Rome, where he earned a doctorate in canon law; and at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, where he obtained a doctorate in ecclesiastical history.

Priesthood. Ordained, April 1, 1933, Rome. Vice-rector of Seminary of Reggio Emilia, 1933-1934. Chaplain, Catholic University, Milan, 1934-1940. Military chaplain during the Second World War, 1940-1943. Staff member of the Secretariat of State; assistant general chaplain of the Italian Catholic Action; and general chaplain of the Italian Boy Scouts, 1943-1950. Privy chamberlain of His Holiness, May 5, 1945. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, September 5, 1949. Secretary of the Central Committee of the 1950 Holy Year.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Iconio and appointed nuncio in Bolivia, December 22, 1950. Consecrated, February 11, 1951, major basilica of S. Paolo fuori le Mura, Rome, by Cardinal Adeodato Giovanni Piazza, O.C.D., bishop of of Sabina e Poggio Mirteto, secretary of S.C. Consistorial, assisted by Valerio Valeri, titular archbishop of Efeso, assessor of the S.C. for the Oriental Church, and by Beniamino Socche, bishop of Reggio Emilia. His episcopal moto was Virtus ex alto. Nuncio in Venezuela, October 19, 1954. Named auxiliary bishop to Giovanni Battista Montini, archbishop of Milan, April 15, 1955. Apostolic delegate in Western and Central Africa, with residence in Lagos, September 23, 1960. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Apostolic delegate in Canada, June 3, 1964. President of the Extraordinary Conference of Viet Nam's Episcopate, September 1966. Secretary of S.C. for the Evangelization of Peoples, June 10, 1967.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Giorgio in Velabro, March 5, 1973. President of the Secretariat for Non-Christians, March 6, 1973. Special papal envoy to the consecration of the Ugandan Martyrs shrine, Namugongo, Uganda, June 3, 1974. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974. Attended the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Cardinal protodeacon, June 30, 1979. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979.

Death. June 15, 1980, 1.00 am., unexpectedly, from a pulmonary embolism, at his brother Dr. Domenico's residence, in Reggio Emilia; he had just celebrated mass on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of priestly ordination of Fr. Carlo Varischi, one of his closest friends, a Capuchin friar. A funeral mass was celebrated on the following Tuesday June 17, in the cathedral of Reggio Emilia, presided by Cardinal Ugo Poletti, the pope's representative, with the participation among others of four other Cardinals: Agnelo Rossi, Michele Pellegrino, Giovanni Colombo and Antonio Poma. Among those present at the funeral mass were Bishop Renato Spallanzani of Palestrina, a long time friend and one time seminary condisciple; numerous military and civil authorities; and a delegation of handicapped, which traveled from Milan, headed by Fratel Ettore Boschini, a renowned Camillian. Buried in grounds of the the parish church of Felina di Castelnuovo ne' Monti, beside his parents. On June 26, 1980, at the patriarchal Vatican basilica, Pope John Paul II presided a funeral mass and delivered the homily. A piazzetta was named in his honor in Reggio Emilia. A memorial tablet in his memory was placed in the church of S. Giorgio in Velabro, his deaconry (1). At a later date, his remains were transferred from the family vault in the parish grounds to the church itself, and reburied beside the chapel in which once was the baptismal font where he had been baptized (2).

Bibliography. Palermo, Gervasio. Il cardinale Sergio Pignedoli, amico indimenticabile (1910-1980) : memorie e testimonianze. A cura di P. Gervasio Palermo. Andria: Collegio missionario S. Cuore, 1989; LeBlanc, Jean. Dictionnaire biographique des évêques catholiques du Canada. Les diocèses catholiques canadiens des Églises latine et orientales et leurs évêques; repères chronologiques et biographiques, 1658-2002. Ottawa : Wilson & Lafleur, 2002. (Gratianus. Série instruments de recherche), pp. 266-267.

Webgraphy. Biography, in English, Wikipedia; photographs and biography by Eman Bonnici, in English, Find a Grave; biography, in French, Wikipedia; biography, in German, Wikipedia; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; La preghiera della strada by Sergio Pignedoli, Assistente Centrale dell'ASCI, in Italian, Tradizione Scout; Felina ricorda il suo Cardinale Sergio Pignedoli con una mostra fotografica, in Italian, Agenzia Redacon; Il Cardinale Sergio Pignedoli nel ricordo del Vescovo Adriano, 100 anni dalla nascita e a trenta dalla morte, La Libertà, settimanale cattolico reggiano.

(1) This is the text of the inscription, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

MEMORIAE SERGII S.R.E.CARD.PIGNEDOLI S.GEORGII AD VELABRVM DIACONI MCMLXXIII - MCMLXXX

ADSCRIPTI APVD "HOSPITALITATEM SECTANTES ... HVMILIBVS CONSENTIENTES ... CVM OMNIBVS HOMINIBVS PACEM HABENTES (Rom. 12, 13 - 18)

CRVCICERI GRATO ANIMO POSVERVNT

(2) This is the inscription on his new resting place, also provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

SERGIO PIGNEDOLI CARDINALE DI SANTA ROMANA CHIESA DELLA FEDE EBBE L'INTUITO PROFETICO DELL'AMICIZIA LA FORZA IRRESISTIBILE DELLA CARITÀ L'ABBRACCIO UNIVERSALE FELINA 4.6.1910 REGGIO EMILIA 15.6.1980

(92) 4. KNOX, James Robert
(1914-1983)

Birth. March 2, 1914, Bayswater, archdiocese of Perth, Australia. Second of the three children of John Knox, a storekeeper, and Emily Walsh, both from Ireland.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of New Norcia, Australia; and at the Pontifical Urbanian Athenaeum "De Propaganda Fide", Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 22, 1941, Rome, by Cardinal Pietro Fumasoni-Biondi, prefect of the S.C. for the Propagation of the Faith. Chaplain and vice-rector of the Pontifical Urbanian Athenaeum "De Propaganda Fide," 1941-1949. Staff member of the Secretariat of State, 1948-1950. Member of the Central Committee for the Holy Year, 1949-1950. Staff member of Vatican Radio, 1949-1950. Secretary to the apostolic delegate to Japan, 1950-1953. Privy chamberlain of His Holiness, July 22, 1950.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Melitene and appointed apostolic delegate to British Africa, with residence in Mombasa, July 20, 1953. Consecrated, November 8, 1953, Rome, by Cardinal Celso Costantini, assisted by Filippo Bernardini, titular archbishop of Antiochia di Pisidia, nuncio to Switzerland, and by Antonio Samorè, titular archbishop of Tirnovo, secretary of the S.C. of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs. His episcopal motto was Sicut dilexi Vos. Internuncio to India and apostolic delegate to Burma and Ceylon, February 14, 1957. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Co-organizer of the papal visit to India, December 2 to 4, 1964. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Melbourne, April 13, 1967. Organized the 40th International Eucharistic Congress, Melbourne, February 18 to 25, 1973.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria in Vallicella, March 5, 1973. Prefect of the SS. CC. for Sacraments and for Divine Worship, January 25, 1974. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Melbourne, July 1, 1974. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974. Prefect of the new S.C. for Sacraments and Divine Worship, August 1, 1975. Papal legate to the 41st International Eucharistic Congress, Philadelphia, United States, August 1 to 8, 1976. Attended the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Special papal envoy to the National Eucharistic Congress, Kampala, Uganda, and to the celebrations commemorating the first centennial of the establishment of the Catholic Church in Uganda, February 10 to 20, 1979. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980. President of the Pontifical Council for the Family, August 4, 1981. Special papal envoy to the National Eucharistic Congress, Nigeria, November 19 to 21, 1982. Physically wiry, proficient in many sports and a competent tennis player all his life, he lived simply and had no interest in possessions besides books. He collapsed during a meeting in the Vatican in mid-May 1983, and was in a coma for the last two weeks of his life due to complications from a cerebral occlusion.

Death. Sunday June 26, 1983, in the night, Policlinic Agostino Gemelli, Rome. The funeral took place the following June 30, in the patriarchal Vatican basilica; Pope John Paul II presided the concelebration, in which participated twenty two cardinals and eight Australian bishops, who were in Rome for the ad limina visit; present were numerous officers and priests from the Roman Curia, among them the officers of the Pontifical Council for the Family, headed by Francisco José Cox Huneeus, ISch., bishop emeritus of Chillán, secretary of that council. Another funeral took place in the metropolitan cathedral of Saint Patrick, Melbourne, presided by Archbishop Thomas Francis Little of Melbourne and concelebrated by some thirty prelates from Australia and New Zealand; among the concelebrants were Cardinal James Darcy Freeman, former archbishop of Sydney; Luigi Barbarito, titular archbishop of Fiorentino, apostolic nuncio in Australia; Cardinal Thomas Stafford Williams, archbishop of Wellington; and Edward Bede Clancy, archbishop of Sydney; Archbishop Little pronounced the homily. Buried on July 6, 1983, in the crypt of that metropolitan cathedral (1). The Cardinal Knox Centre in East Melbourne was named after him.

Webgraphy. Biography by Ian B. Waters, in Engllish, Australian Dictionary of Biography; his arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the memorial tablet placed in the cathedral of Melbourne, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

IN MEMORY OF HIS EMINENCE JAMES ROBERT CARDINAL KNOX DD JCD FIFTH ARCHBISHOP OF MELBOURNE 1967-74

BORN BAYSWATER WA 2 MARCH 1914 · PRIESTLY ORDINATION ROME 22 DECEMBER 1941 · VICE RECTOR PONTIFICAL URBAN COLLEGE DE PROPAGANDA FIDE 1947-48 · SECRETARIAT OF STATE 1948-50 · APOSTOLIC DELEGATION JAPAN 1950-53 · EPISCOPAL ORDINATION ROME 8 NOVEMBER 1953 · APOSTOLIC DELEGATE BRITISH EAST AND WEST AFRICA AND TERRITORIES OF PERSIAN GULF 1953-57 · APOSTOLIC INTERNUNCIO TO INDIA APOSTOLIC DELEGATE TO BURMA AND CEYLON 1957-67 · APPOINTED ARCHBISHOP OF MELBOURNE 13 APRIL 1967 · CREATED CARDINAL 5 MARCH 1973 · PREFECT CONGREGATIONS FOR THE DISCIPLINE OF THE SACRAMENTS AND DIVINE WORSHIP 1975-81 · PRESIDENT PONTIFICAL COUNCIL FOR THE FAMILY FROM 1981 · PRESIDENT PERMANENT COMMITTEE FOR INTERNATIONAL EUCHARISTIC CONGRESSES FROM 1973 DIED ROME JUNE 26 1983

"LOVE ONE ANOTHER AS I HAVE LOVE YOU" JOHN XV-12

HIS REMAINS INTERRED IN THE CRYPT OF THIS CATHEDRAL CHURCH AND MINOR BASILICA

(93) 5. RAIMONDI, Luigi
(1912-1975)

Birth. October 25, 1912, Acque-Luserto, diocese of Acqui, Italy. He was the eldest of the eight children of Giovanni Raimondi and Maria Giacchero.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Acqui; at the Pontifical Lateran Athenaeum, Rome; and ay yhe Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 6, 1936, Acqui, by Lorenzo Del Ponte, bishop of Acqui. Further studies, 1936-1938. Secretary of nunciature in Guatemala, 1938-1942. Privy chamberlain of His Holiness, March 3, 1939. Auditor of the apostolic delegation in the United States of America, 1942-1949. Counselor and chargé d'affaires of the internunciature in India, 1949-1953. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, March 5, 1951. Staff member of the Secretariat of State, 1953.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Tarso and appointed nuncio in Haiti and apostolic delegate to the British and the French West Indies, December 24, 1953. Consecrated, January 31, 1954, basilica of S. Carlo al Corso, Rome, by Cardinal Adeodato Giovanni Piazza, O.C.D., secretary of the S.C. Consistorial, assisted by Antonio Samorè, titular archbishop of Tirnovo, secretary of the S.C. for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, and by Giuseppe Del'Olmo, bishop of Acqui. His episcopal motto was Fructus lucis bonita. Apostolic delegate in Mexico, December 15, 1956. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Apostolic delegate in the United States of America, June 30, 1967.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the deaconry of Ss. Biagio e Carlo ai Catinari, March 5, 1973. Prefect of the S.C. for the Causes of the Saints, March 21, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974.

Death. June 24, 1975, after suffering a severe heart attack in his apartment in Vatican City, while he was waiting to receive a visit from Cardinal John Joseph Carberry, archbishop of St. Louis. Buried in his family's chapel in the Cemetery of Lussito. On the occasion of the centenary of his birth, a plaque was unveiled on the façade of the house where he was born in Luserto by Pier Giorgio Micchiardi, bishop of Acqui.

Bibliography. Code, Bernard. Dictionary of the American Hierarchy (1789-1964). New York : Joseph F. Wagner, 1964, p. 437.

Webgraphy. His portrait and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(94) 6. MOZZONI, Umberto
(1904-1983)

Birth. June 29, 1904, Buenos Aires, Argentina. His family migrated from Macerata, Italy.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Macerata; at the Pontifical Roman Seminary; at the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum "S. Apollinare"; and at the University of Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, August 14, 1927, Rome. Pastoral ministry in the diocese of Macerata and faculty member of its seminary, 1927-1935. Successively, 1935-1954, secretary and auditor of the apostolic delegations in Canada and Great Britain, and in the nunciature in Portugal. Privy chamberlain of His Holiness, October 7, 1936; reappointed, March 3, 1939. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, January 2, 1948.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Side and appointed nuncio in Bolivia, November 13, 1954. Consecrated, Sunday December 5, 1954, chapel of the Pontifical Roman Seminary, Rome, by Cardinal James Charles McGuigan, archbishop of Toronto, assisted by Antonio Samorè, titular archbishop of Tirnovo, secretary of the S.C. for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, and by Sivio Cassulo, bishop of Macerata e Tolentino. His episcopal motto was Duc in altum. Nuncio in Argentina, September 20, 1958. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Nuncio in Brazil, April 19, 1969.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Eugenio, March 5, 1973. President of the Cardinalitial Commission for Shrines of Pompeii and Loreto, June 19, 1974. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Cardinal protodeacon, 1980?-1983. Opted for the order of cardinal priests and his deaconry was elevated pro illa vice to title, February 2, 1983.

Death. November 7, 1983, collapsed while celebrating mass and later died in a Roman clinic. In the shrine of Loreto, Archbishop Loris Francesco Capovila presided over a funeral mass for the eternal repose of the soul of the cardinal on November 9; and on November 14, in the shrine of Pompeii, Domenico Vacchiano, prelate of Pompeii and papal delegate for that shrine, celebrated a funeral mass In die septima. On the following Thursday November 10 at 5 p.m., Pope John Paul II presided over the exequies, celebrated at the patriarchal Vatican basilica; the cardinals present in Rome concelebrated with the pope, who also delivered the homily; in attendance were delegations from the shrines of Loreto and Pompeii (the late cardinal was president of the cardinalitial commission for those shrines), the diplomatic corps and numerous faithful. The body of the cardinal was taken to Macerata and buried in its cathedral.

Webgraphy. His arms, Araldica Vaticana; Lettera di Giovanni Paolo II all'Em.mo Cardinale Umberto Mozzoni per il XXV di episcopato, in Italian, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 19 novembre 1979.

(95) 7. VILELA, Avelar Brandão
(1912-1986)

Birth. June 13, 1912, Viçosa, archdiocese of Maceió, Brazil. Son of Elias Brandão Vilela and Isabel Loureiro. His brother, Senator Teotonio Vilela, fought for the return of democracy in Brazil, and died in 1983.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Maceió; and at the Seminary of Olinda.

Priesthood. Ordained, October 27, 1935. Faculty member and spiritual advisor of the Seminary of Arucajú; secretary of the diocese of Aracajú; diocesan chaplain of the Catholic Action.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Petrolina, June 13, 1946. Consecrated, October 27, 1946, Aracajú, by José Gomes da Silva, bishop of Aracajú, assisted by Adalberto Accioli Sobral, bishop of Pesqueira, and by Mário de Miranda Villas-Boas, archbishop of Belém do Pará. His episcopal motto was De plenitudine Christi. Promoted to metropolitan see of Teresina, November 5, 1955. Attended Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. President of the Latin American Episcopal Council (CELAM), 1966-1972. Attended the First Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 29, 1967; the First Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 11 to 28, 1969; the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971. Transferred to the metropolitan see of São Salvador da Bahia, March 25, 1971.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of Ss. Bonifacio ed Alessio, March 5, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the Third General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Puebla, México, January 27 to February 13, 1979; the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Named primate of Brazil when the see of São Salvador da Bahia was given that rank, October 25, 1980. For his centrist position between progressives and conservatives regarding the church’s role in Brazilian society, he was known as the “great conciliator".

Death. December 19, 1986, of stomach cancer, São Salvador da Bahia. Buried in the metropolitan cathedral of São Salvador da Bahia. The Fundação Dom Avelar Brandão Vilela was established by his successor, Cardinal Lucas Moreira Neves, in São Salvador da Bahia in his memory.

Webgraphy. His portrait, arms and biographical information, in Portuguese, Arquidiocese de Teresina, he is the fourth on the page; Fundação Dom Avelar Brandão Vilela, in Portuguese; his arms and photograph, Araldica Vaticana.

(96) 8. CORDEIRO, Joseph
(1918-1994)

Birth. January 19, 1918, Bombay, India. Son of Dr. Peter Cordeiro and Elvina Cordeiro, who came from Salvador do Mundo. His baptismal name was Joseph Marie Anthony. He had a brother who was also a priest, Monsignor Anthony.

Education. Studied at the Pontifical Seminary of Kandy, Ceylon; at the University of Bombay; and at the University of Oxford, England.

Priesthood. Ordained, August 24, 1946, Kandy. Pastoral ministry in Hyderabad and Karachi, 1946-1948. Further studies, 1948-1950. President of St. Francis Xavier High School, Quetta, India, 1951-1953. Pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of Karachi, rector of the Minor Seminar of Karachi, and archdiocesan consultor, 1953-1958.

Episcopate. Elected archbishop of Karachi, Pakistan, May 7, 1958. Consecrated, August 24, 1958, Karachi, by James Cornelius van Miltenburg, archbishop-bishop of Hyderabad, assisted by Francesco Benedetto Cialeo, O.P., bishop of Multan, and by Leonard Joseph Raymond, bishop of Allahabad. His episcopal motto was Omnia omnibus. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Attended the First Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 29, 1967; the First Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 11 to 28, 1969; the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971. Elected member of the Council of the General Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops, November 6, 1971.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Andrea delle Fratte, March 5, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974; its relator; the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977; member of its general secretariat, 1977-1980. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980; member of its general secretariat, 1980-1983. Named member of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, May 31, 1981. Attended the Sixth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 28, 1983; one of its three presidents delegate; member of its general secretariat, 1983-1986. Papal legate to the 43rd International Eucharistic Congress, Nairobi, Kenya, August 11 to 18, 1985. Attended the Second Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24 to December 8, 1985; member of its general secretariat until 1987. Attended the Seventh Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 1 to 30, 1987. He was the first cardinal from Pakistan.

Death. February 11, 1994, after a battle with cancer, Karachi. The funeral, presided by Cardinal Simon Pimenta of Bombay, was concelebrated by ten prelates and seventy five priests. Buried in the grotto, beside St. Patrick's metropolitan cathedral, Karachi (1); the graveside prayers at the grotto were led by the cardinal's brother. In 2008, the Cardinal Cordeiro Cricket tournament to promote religious vocations was initiated by the Christ the King Seminary of Karachi. The Cardinal Cordeiro High School in Korangi Town, Karachi, India, was named after him in 2012.

Webgraphy. His photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the inscription on his tomb, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

IN LOVING MEMORY OF † Cardinal Joseph Cordeiro Date of Death: 11th February, 1994 Aged: 76 Years R. I. P.

(97) 9. MUÑOZ DUQUE , Aníbal
(1908-1987)

Birth. October 3, 1908, Santa Rosa de Osos, Colombia. Son of José María Muñoz and Ana Rosa Duque. He was baptized in the parish church of Santa Rosa de Osos on October 16, 1908.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Santa Rosa de Osos.

Priesthood. Ordained, November 19, 1933, Santa Rosa de Osos. Faculty member and prefect of the Minor Seminary of the Institute of Missions of Yarumal, 1933-1937; rector and vice-superior general of the Institute of Yarumal, 1937-1950. Pro-vicar general of the diocese of Santa Rosa de Osos, 1950-1951.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Socorro y San Gil, April 8, 1951. Consecrated, May 27, 1951, primatial and metropolitan cathedral basilica of Bogotá, by Antonio Samorè, titular archbishop of Tirnovo, nuncio in Colombia, assisted by Miguel Angel Builes, bishop of Santa Rosa de Osos, and by Ángel Ocampo Berrio, S.J., bishop of Tunja. His episcopal motto was Jesus Christus et hodie ipse et in secula. Transferred to the diocese of Bucaramanga, December 18, 1952. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Nueva Pamplona, August 3, 1959. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. President of the Episcopal Conference of Colombia, 1964-1972. Attended the First Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 29, 1967. Apostolic administrator sede plena of the archdiocese of Bogotá, April 15, 1967. Transferred to the titular see of Cariana, March 30, 1968. Hosted the visit of Pope Paul VI to Bogotá in August 1968 on the occasion of the 39th International Eucharistic Congress; it was the first papal visit to Latin America. Named coadjutor archbishop of Bogotá, with right of succession, February 2, 1969. Attended the First Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 11 to 28, 1969; the II Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971. Succeeded to the archdiocese of Bogotá, July 29, 1972. Military vicar of Colombia, July 30, 1972.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Bartolomeo all'Isola, March S. 1973. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the III General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Puebla, México, January 27 to February 13, 1979; the First Plenary Meeting of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Bogotá, June 25, 1984.

Death. January 15, 1987, Bogotá. Buried in the chapel of "El Sagrario", next to the metropolitan cathedral, Bogotá.

Bibliography. Agudelo Giraldo, Guillermo. Los arzobispos de Bogotá que he conocido : medio siglo en la historia eclesiática colombiana, 1928-1984. Bogotá : s.n., 1987. Notes: "Ensayo sobre los cuatro arzobispos que han dejado huella profunda en la agitada historia contemporánea de Colombia: monseñor Ismael Perdomo, cardenal Crisanto Luque, cardenal Luis Concha, cardenal Aníbal Muñoz Duque." Originally presented by the author on entering the Academia Colombiana de Historia Eclesiástica on Nov. 15, 1986. Cover title: Cuatro arzobispos que han marcado nuestra historia, 1928-1984. "Ediciones Verdad y Vida", volumen 14, nos. 24-25 y 26, diciembre de 1986".

Webgraphy. His arms, Araldica Vaticana; Archbishops of Bogotá, in Spanish; Il Cardinale Aníbal Muñoz Duque, terzo porporato colombiano nella storia della Chiesa by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Bogotá, 15 gennaio, 2022 / 11:00 AM.

(98) 10. KOMINEK, Bolesław
(1903-1974)

Birth. December 23, 1903, Radlin, diocese of Wrocław (or Breslau, now archdiocese of Katowice), Poland, German Empire. Eldest of the ten children of Franciszek Kominek, a miner, and Katarzyna z Kozielskich. His uncle Jan Kominek (1877-1943) was a missionary in Brazil, as a chaplain for Poles who lived in that country. One of his nephews, Alojzy Swoboda, was also a priest.

Education. Attended the Catholic University of Kraków; and the Institut Catholique, Paris, France. Received the subdiaconate in 1926 from August Hlond, S.D.B., archbishop of Gniezno and Poznań; and the diaconate in 1926 from Arkadiusz Lisiecki, bishop of Katowice.

Priesthood. Ordained, September 11, 1927, Katowice, by Arkadiusz Lisiecki, bishop of Katowice. Further studies and pastoral ministry among Polish immigrants, Paris, 1927-1930. Pastoral ministry in the diocese of Katowice, 1930-1939; with Polish fugitives during the Second World War, 1939-1945, in Lublin, Katowice, and Upper Silesia. Apostolic administrator of Opole, August 15, 1945; the administration was interrupted by the Communist regime, January 26, 1951.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Sofene, with residence in Wrocław, April 26, 1951. Prevented from residing in Wrocław and from being consecrated by the Communist regime. Clandestinely consecrated, October 10, 1954, episcopal palace of Przemyšl, by Franciszek Barda, bishop of Przemyšl of the Latins, assisted by Wojciech Tomaka, titular bishop of Elenopoli di Bitinia, auxiliary of Przemyšl of the Latins, and by Bishop Franciszek Jop; the consecration was kept secret until 1956. His episcopal motto was Virtus Verbum Crucis Dei. Resided in Wrocław from October 1956 onward. Transferred to the titular see of Vaga, December 1, 1956. Promoted to titular archbishop of Eucaita, March 19, 1962. Apostolic administrator ad nutum Sanctae Sedis, May 25, 1962. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Attended the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Wrocław, June 28, 1972.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Croce in via Flaminia, March 5, 1973.

Death. Sunday March 10, 1974, of a heart attack, Wrocław. Buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Wrocław. One of the streets, stretching from Wodzisław Śląski (near the birthplace of the cardinal) to the town of Radlin, has been since named after him. There are also streets named after him in Opole, Katowice, Legnica, Polkowice, Wrocław and Rybnik. A monument dedicated to him was erected in 2005 on the Wyszyński Boulevard in Wrocław. The Primary School No. 1 in Kąty Wrocławskie and of the School and the Kindergarten Complex No. 3 in Wodzisław Śląski are likewise named after him.

Bibliography. Brom, Rudolf ; Śliwiok, Józef. Ksiądz kardynał Bolesław Kominek - twórca chrześcijańskich struktur życia społecznego : w 80-lecie powstania diecezji katowickiej. Katowice : Wszechnica Górnosłąskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk im. W. Roździeńskiego, 2005. Conference Author: Sesja Naukowa nt.: "Ksiądz Kardynał Bolesław Kominek - Twórca Chrześcijańskich Struktur Źycia Społecznego" ; (2004 ; Katowice). Note: Mater. sesji nauk., która odbyła się 10 grudnia 2004 r. w Katowicach ; Wszechnica Górnośląskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk im. W. Roździeńskiego w Katowicach; Krucina, Jan. Dei Virtus : Kardynałowi Bolesławowi Kominkowi w hołdzie. Wrocław : Wrocławska Ksiłgarnia Archidiecezjalna, 1974; Krucina, Jan ; Kominek, Bolesław. Szkice do portretu : Kardynał Bolesław Kominek. Wrocław : "Tum" - Wydawnictwo Wrocławskiej Księgarni Archidiecezjalnej, 2005 Note(s): Zawiera równieź artykuły, przemówienia, listy kard. Bolesława Kominka. Other titles: Kardynał Bolesław Kominek; Szkice do portretu ; Kard. Kominek; Nitecki, Piotr. Biskupi Kościoła w Polsce w latach 965-1999. Słownik biograficzny. Przedmowa Henryk Gulbinowicz. Warszawa : Instytut Wydawniczy "Pax", Warszawa 2000, col. 208-209; Pater, Józef. "Rola kardynała Bolesława Kominka w przygotowaniu orędzia biskupów polskich do biskupów niemieckich." Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny. [Wrocław]. 15 (2007), no 1, p. 65-78; Prokop, Krzysztof Rafał. Polscy kardynałowie. Kraków : Wydawnictwo WAM, 2001, pp. 301-312; Strauchold, Grzegorz. "Ordynariusz wrocławski kard. Bolesław Kominek w polu zainteresowania służb państwowych." [Wrocław]. Dolny Śląsk,: 11 (2005), p. 95-103.

Webgraphy. His portrait, photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(99) 11. PHILIPPE, O.P., Paul-Pierre
(1905-1984)

Birth. April 16, 1905, at 48 rue de la Clef, 5th arrondissemnt, Paris, France. Son of Louis Henri Philippe, a chemist, and Gabrielle Adam. His baptismal name was Pierre-Charles.

Education. Joined the Order of Preachers (Dominicans); he received the religious habit in Sts. Peter and Paul's Convent, Amiens, on December 7, 1926; took the religious name of Paul. He made the simple profession of vows in the Convent of the Holy Trinity in Kain-la-Tombe, called the "Le Saulchoir", near Tournai, Belgium, on January 4, 1928; and the solemn profession in the same place on April 4, 1931.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 6, 1932, in the Convent of the Holy Trinity of Kain-la-Tombe, by Benjamin-Octave Roland-Gosselin, bishop of Versailles. Further studies, 1932-1935. Faculty member of the Dominican Studium, Lwow, Poland, 1935. Faculty member of the Pontifical Angelicum Athenaeum, Rome, 1935-1939. Officer in the French Army during the Second World War, 1939-1942. Faculty member of the Institute "Le Saulchoir," 1942-1945. Superior of Dominican house of studies and faculty member of the Pontifical Angelicum Athenaeum, Rome, 1945-1950. Founder of the Institute of Spirituality for seminary directors and masters of novices, 1950. Founder and director of the Dominican school for mistresses of novices, 1953-1957. Apostolic visitor to various religious institutes, 1951-1956. First socius of the commissary of Holy Office, 1954-1955; commissary, 1955-1959. Secretary of the S.C. of Religious, December 14, 1959.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Erocleopoli Maggiore, August 28, 1962. Consecrated, September 21, 1962, patriarchal Lateran basilica, Rome, by Pope John XXIII, assisted by Francesco Carpino, titular archbishop of Sardica, assessor of the S.C. Consistorial, and by Pietro Parente, titular archbishop of Teolemaide di Tebaide, assessor of the Supreme S.C. of the Holy Office. In the same ceremony were consecrated future Cardinals Cesare Zerba, Pietro Palazzini, and Enrico Dante. His episcopal motto was Voluntatem Dei ex animo. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Secretary of the S.C. for the Doctrine of the Faith, June 29, 1967.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Pio V a Villa Carpegna, March 5, 1973. Prefect of the S.C. for the Oriental Churches, March 6, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974; the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Cardinal Patronus of Sovereign Military Order of Malta, November 10, 1978. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Resigned prefecture, June 27, 1980. Opted for the order of cardinal priests and his deaconry was elevated pro illa vice to title, February 2, 1983.

Death. April 9, 1984, of a heart attack, in a nursing home in Rome. Buried in the chapel of the Order of Preachers, Campo Verano cemetery, Rome (1).

Bibliography. Chapeau, O.S.B. André and Fernand Combaluzier, C.M. Épiscopologe français des temps modernes, 1592-1973. Paris : Letouzey et Ané, 1974, p. 445-446.

Webgraphy. His photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the inscription on his vault, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

EM. MUS DOM. PETRUS PAULUS CARD. PHILIPPE EX. PROV. FRANCIAE * 16 · IV · 1905 + 9 · IV · 1984 R. I. P.

(100) 12. PALAZZINI, Pietro
(1912-2000)

Birth. May 19, 1912, Piobbico, diocese of Cagli, Italy. Of a humble family. Son of Giovanni Palazzini, a carter, and Luigia Conti, a housewife. He had an older brother, Giuseppe, who also became a priest.

Education. Studied at the Diocesan Seminary of Cagli from 1923; at the Pontifical Regional Seminary "Pio XI," Fano; at the Pontifical Lateran Athenaeum, Rome; and at the Pontifical Roman Seminary, Rome, where he obtained doctorates in theology and utroque iure, both canon and civil law.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 6, 1934, Rome. Further studies, 1934-1941. Vice-rector of the diocesan seminary of Cagli, 1941-1942; canon of the cathedral chapter, 1941-1942. Vice-rector of the Pontifical Roman Seminary, Rome, 1942-1945. During the Second World War, he distinguished himself by procuring for the students the necessary means to sustain themselves and guaranteeing the assistance to political refugees (among them Pietro Nenni, future prime minister of Italy), which earned the qualification of "patriota" and a medal from the State of Israel. Vice-rector and bursar of the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum "S. Apollinare", 1945-1949. Faculty member of the Pontifical Lateran Athenaeum, 1945-1950. Faculty member of the Pontifical Institute "Utriusque Iuris," Rome, 1950-1954. Undersecretary of the S.C. of Religious, December 22, 1956. Secretary of the S.C. of the Council, December 18, 1958.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Cesarea di Cappodocia, August 28, 1962. Consecrated, September 21, 1962, patriarchal Lateran basilica, Rome, by Pope John XXIII, assisted by Francesco Carpino, titular archbishop of Sardica, assessor of the S.C. Consistorial, and by Pietro Parente, titular archbishop of Teolemaide di Tebaide, assessor of the Supreme S.C. of the Holy Office. In the same ceremony were consecrated future Cardinals Cesare Zerba, Enrico Dante, and Paul-Pierre Philippe, O.P. His episcopal motto was In domo Domine. Secretary of the Commission of Cardinals for the Pontifical Shrines of Pompei and Loreto, June 13, 1969.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon, March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Pier Damiani ai Monti di S. Paolo, March 5, 1973. Opted for the deaconry of S. Girolamo della Carità, December 12, 1974. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Prefect of the S.C. for the Causes of the Saints, June 27, 1980. Attended the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980. Opted for the order of cardinal priests and his deaconry was elevated pro illa vice to title, February 2, 1983. Attended the Sixth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 28, 1983. In 1985, for his efforts to save Jews during the Holocaust, was recognized by Yad Vashem as "a righteous among the nations,'' with a medal; and a tree was planted in his name at Yad Vashem. The honor is bestowed on gentiles who risked their lives to save Jews during the war. Attended the II Extraordinary Assembly of Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24 to December 8, 1985; the Seventh Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 1 to 30, 1987. Resigned the prefecture, July 1, 1988. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, May 19, 1992.

Death. October 11, 2000, Rome. Upon learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope John Paul II sent his cousin, Lino Palazzini, a telegram of condolence (1). The exequial liturgy took place on Friday October 13, 2000, 6 p.m., at the Altar of the Chair in the patriarchal Vatican basilica and was presided over by the pope; the civil authorities of Piobbico and Cagli, with their respective mayors, attended the funeral; Pergola was represented by its clergy and by Don Romeo Mori of Fonte Avellana. Buried, temporarily, in the chapel of the Vatican canons, Campo Verano cemetery, Rome. On November 27, 2008, his remains were exhumed and transferred to the church of S. Girolamo della Carità, where his brother Monsignor Giuseppe is also buried.

Webgraphy. His photograph, portrait and arms, Araldica Vaticana; Il Cardinale Pietro Palazzini, porporato Giusto tra le Nazioni by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Città del Vaticano, 11 ottobre, 2020 / 2:00 PM.

(1) This is the text of the telegram, taken from the Press Office of the Holy See:

Illustrissimo Signore Lino Palazzini Via Proba Petronia 83 - 00136 Roma APPRESA CON PROFONDA TRISTEZZA LA NOTIZIA DELLA SCOMPARSA DEL SUO AMATO CUGINO IL CARDINALE PIETRO PALAZZINI DESIDERO ESPRIMERLE LA MIA INTENSA PARTECIPAZIONE AL DOLORE PER LA MORTE DELL'ILLUSTRE E CARO PORPORATO INSIGNE GIURISTA E MORALISTA CHE PER TANTI ANNI HA SERVITO LA CHIESA CON FEDELTA' COMPETENZA ED ENCOMIABILE SPIRITO SACERDOTALE IN PARTICOLARE NELL'INSEGNAMENTO UNIVERSITARIO ARRICCHITO DA NUMEROSE PUBBLICAZIONI SCIENTIFICHE DI CARATTERE TEOLOGICO-MORALE CANONICO E AGIOGRAFICO COME PURE NEL LUNGO SERVIZIO ALLA SANTA SEDE PRIMA NELLA SEGNATURA APOSTOLICA E NELLA CONGREGAZIONE PER I RELIGIOSI POI COME SEGRETARIO DELLA CONGREGAZIONE PER IL CLERO ED INFINE COME PREFETTO DELLA CONGREGAZIONE DELLE CAUSE DEI SANTI (.) RICORDANDO CON GRATITUDINE AL SIGNORE L'AMPIA MESSE DI BENE RACCOLTA DAL COMPIANTO CARDINALE INVOCO PER LA SUA ANIMA ELETTA NELLA LUCE DELLA SPERANZA CRISTIANA IL PREMIO ETERNO PROMESSO AI GIUSTI ED IMPARTO CON AFFETTO A LEI ED ALLE PERSONE CARE LA CONFORTATRICE BENEDIZIONE APOSTOLICA.

IOANNES PAULUS PP. II

(101) 13. APONTE MARTÍNEZ, Luis
(1922-2012)

Birth. August 4, 1922, Lajas, diocese of Ponce, Puerto Rico. Son of Santiago Evangelista Aponte and Rosa María Martínez. He was the eighth of eighteen children. He served as altar boy with several of his brothers at the parish church of Lajas and this experience moved him to enter the priesthood.

Education. Elementary studies in the public school of Lajas "Luis Muñoz Rivera"; later, studied at superior school "Lola Rodríguez de Tió" in San Germán; on September 18, 1940, he entered the Minor Seminary "San Ildefonso", in Old San Juan, to start his priestly studies; and from 1943, he studied philosophy and theology at St. John's Seminary, Brighton, Massachusetts; he obtained a master's degree at the University of Boston.

Priesthood. Ordained, April 10, 1950, church of San Germán de Auxerre, San Germán, Puerto Rico, by James Edward McManus, C.Ss.R., bishop of Ponce. From 1950-1960, pastoral ministry in the diocese of Ponce, working in the parishes of Maricao, Santa Isabel, Patillas y Aibonito. In 1955, he became secretary of Bishop McManus of Ponce. He was also vice-chancellor; superintendent of Catholic schools; director of the development office of the Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Ponce campus; and chaplain to the National Guard.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Lares and appointed auxiliary of Ponce, July 23, 1960. Consecrated, October 12, 1960, church María Reina, Ponce, by Cardinal Francis Spellman, archbishop of New York, assisted by James Peter Davis, archbishop of San Juan, and by Edward John Harper, C.Ss.R., titular bishop of Eraclea, prelate _nullius_of the Virgin Islands. His episcopal motto was In virtute Dei. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Named coadjutor of Ponce, with right of succession, April 16, 1963. Succeeded to the see of Ponce, November 18, 1963; he was installed on February 22, 1964. Promoted to the metropolitan see of San Juan, November 4, 1964; he took possession on January 15, 1965, as the first Puertorican to become archbishop. President of the Junta de Síndicos of the Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico, 1965-1999. In 1966, he established the Episcopal Conference of Puerto Rico and became its president until 1982. Participated in the First Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 11 to 28, 1969.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria della Provvidenza a Monteverde, March 5, 1973. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the Third General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Puebla, México, January 27 to February 13, 1979; the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Attended the Fourth General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, October 12 to 28, 1992. Attended the Special Assembly for America of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 16 to December 12, 1997. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of San Juan, March 26, 1999; apostolic administrator sede vacante, March 26 to May 8, 1999. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, August 4, 2002. He was the first cardinal from Puerto Rico.

Death. April 10, 2012, at 4 a.m., of cardiovascular and renal complications, in the Hospital "Auxilio Mutuo", Hato Rey, San Juan. Upon learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope Benedict XVI prayed for the eternal repose of his soul and sent a telegram of condolence (1) to Archbishop Roberto Octavio González Nieves, O.F.M.. On Monday morning, April 16, the body was taken to the metropolitan cathedral of San Juan, in Old San Juan, where it was exposed until 3:00 p.m.; and then the exequial Mass was presided over by Cardinal Carlos Amigo Vallejo, O.F.M., archbishop emeritus of Sevilla, Spain. Successively, the late cardinal was buried in that cathedral in a white marble sarcophagus inscribed "Su Eminencia Reverendísima Luis Cardenal Aponte Martínez".

Bibliography. Aponte Martínez, Luis. Unde hoc mihi = por qué a mí? : memorias del Cardenal Luis Aponte Martínez, arzobispo emérito de San Juan de Puerto Rico. Bogotá ; San Juan, P.R. : Grupo Editorial Norma, 2005. Other titles: Por qué a mí?; Memorias del Cardenal Luis Aponte Martínez; Code, Bernard. Dictionary of the American Hierarchy (1789-1964). New York : Joseph F. Wagner, 1964, p. 438.

Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in Spanish, archdiocese of San Juan; honorary doctorates and memberships, Spanish, archdiocese of San Juan; his arms and explanation, in Spanish, archdiocese of San Juan; his episcopal motto, in Spanish, archdiocese of San Juan; publications, in Spanish, archdiocese of San Juan; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Wikipedia; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; interview on the occasion of his 60th priestly anniversary and 50th episcopal anniversary, in Spanish, El Visitante de Puerto Rico, YouTube.

(1) This is the text of the telegram, taken from the Press Office of the Holy See:

Mons. Roberto Octavio González Nieves, O.F.M. Arzobispo de San Juan de Puerto Rico PROFUNDAMENTE ENTRISTECIDO POR LA MUERTE DEL QUERIDO CARDENAL LUIS APONTE MARTÍNEZ, ARZOBISPO EMÉRITO DE ESA ARQUIDIÓCESIS, DESPUÉS DE UNA ENFERMEDAD VIVIDA CON GRAN SERENIDAD, EXPRESO MI MAS SENTIDO PÉSAME A USTED, A LOS FAMILIARES DEL DIFUNTO Y A TODO ESE QUERIDO PUEBLO PUERTORRIQUEÑO. ME UNO A TODOS PARA ENCOMENDAR A LA MISERICORDIA DEL PADRE CELESTIAL A ESTE CELOSO PASTOR QUE CON TANTA CARIDAD Y SENCILLEZ HA SERVIDO A SU PUEBLO. LLEVÓ A CABO UN GENEROSO E INTENSO MINISTERIO EPISCOPAL EN PONCE, Y LUEGO COMO ARZOBISPO DE SAN JUAN. PARTICIPÓ EN EL CONCILIO VATICANO II IMPLANTANDO EN ESA IGLESIA PARTICULAR SUS DISPOSICIONES, TESTIMONIÓ SU GRAN AMOR A DIOS Y A LA IGLESIA, ASÍ COMO SU GRAN DEDICACIÓN A LA CAUSA DEL EVANGELIO. EN ESTOS MOMENTOS DE DOLOR, ME ES GRATO IMPARTIRLES CON AFECTO LA CONFORTADORA BENDICIÓN APOSTÓLICA, COMO SIGNO DE FE Y ESPERANZA EN EL SEÑOR RESUCITADO.

(2) This is the text of the inscription on his tomb, kindly provided by Dr. Javier Figueroa, from Key Biscayne, Florida:

IN PACE CHRISTI HIC QUIESCITEMIN. DOM. ALOISIVS SANCTAE ROMANAE ECCLESIAE CARD. APONTE MARTINEZ TITVLI S. MARIAE DE PROVIDENTIA IN MONTEVERDE * QVI IN LAJAS PVERTO RICO IV DIE AVGVSTI MENSE MCMXXIII ANNO DOMINI NATVS ET XXIII IVLII MCMXXIII BAPTIZATVS. V DEC. MCMXLIX DIACONVS PRESBYTERISQVE X APR. MCML ORDINATVS EST * ATQVE NATVRALIS PORTORICANVS SECVNDVS XII OCT MCMLX CONSECRATVS EPISCOPVS METROPOL. PRIMVS E NATVRALIBVS SANCTI IOANNI ECCLESIAM A XV IAN. MCMLXV D XXIII MART. MiM ARCHIEP. REXIT * ET OECVMENICO VATICANO SECVNDO PATER CONCILIARIS AC CONF. EP. PORTORICAN. ONDITIOR PRAESESQVE PRIMVS NATIONE PORTORICANVS A PAVLO SEXTO P. M. V MART. MCMLXXIII CARDINALIS CREATVS FVIT VI CONCLAVIBVS IOAN. PAVLVS PRIMVM XXVI AUG. MCMLXXVIII ET BEATVM IOAN. PAVLVM SEC.XVI OCT. MCMLXXVIII AD ELIGENDOS INTERFVISSET * IPSE AVTEM PAVLO SEXTO P. M. POPOSCIT B. VIRGINEM MARIAM DE DIVINA PROVIDENTIA XI NOV. MCMLXIX NVNCVPARE CVNCTO PORTORICENSI POPVLO PRINCIPALEM PATRONAM QVAM V DEC. MCMLXXVI SOLEMNITER CORONATAM GAVDERET MATREM QVI PONTIFICIA PRIMA VISITA PASTORALE INSVLAE PORTORICENSE XII OCT. MCMLXXXIV BEATVM IOAN PAVLVM SECVNDVM FELICITER RECEPIT PIISIME OBIIT S. IOAN PORTORICENSE X APR ANNO SALVATORIS MMXII

"IN VIRTUTE DEI" VIVENS

(102) 14. PRIMATESTA, Raúl Francisco
(1919-2006)

Birth. April 14, 1919, Capilla del Señor, archdiocese of La Plata, Argentina.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of La Plata; at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome; and at the Pontifical Biblical Institute, Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, October 25, 1942, Rome, by Luigi Traglia, titular archbishop of Cesarea di Palestina, vice-gerent of Rome. Pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of La Plata and faculty member of its minor seminary, 1943-1945. Faculty member, prefect general of discipline, vice-rector, and rector of the Seminary of La Plata, 1945-1957.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Tanais and appointed auxiliary of La Plata, June 14, 1957. Consecrated, August 15, 1957, cathedral of La Plata, by Antonio José Plaza, archbishop of La Plata, assisted by Adolfo Servando Tortolo, titular bishop of Ceciri, auxiliary of Paraná, and by Jorge Mayer, bishop of Santa Rosa. His episcopal motto was Parare. Vicar general of La Plata, 1957-1961. Transferred to the see of San Rafael, June 12, 1961. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Córdoba, February 16, 1965. Attended the First Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 29, 1967; the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of Beata Maria Vergine Addolorata a Piazza Buenos Aires, March 5, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974; the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977; member of the general secretariat, 1977-1980. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the Third General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Puebla, México, January 27 to February 13, 1979; the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980; president delegate. Special papal envoy to the 11th National Eucharistic Congress, Chile, November 20 to 23, 1980. Attended the Sixth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 28, 1983; the Second Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24 to December 8, 1985; the Seventh Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 1 to 30, 1987. Special papal envoy to the celebrations of the 2nd National Eucharistic Congress, Caacupé, Paraguay, December 3, 1988. Attended the Eighth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 28, 1990; the Fourth General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, October 12 to 28, 1992; the Ninth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 2 to 29, 1994. Attended the Special Assembly for America of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 16 to December 12, 1997. President of the Episcopal Conference of Argentina for four periods, 1986-1998. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese, November 17, 1998. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, April 14, 1999. Special papal envoy to the celebrations for the completion of the construction work of La Plata's cathedral, Argentina, November 19, 1999.

Death. Monday May 1, 2006, at 6:50 a.m., after complications of his cardiovascular condition, in his private residence in Córdoba. After learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope Benedict XVI sent Carlos José Ñáñez, archbishop of Córdoba, a telegram of condolence (1). His remains were exposed in the metropolitan cathedral of Córdoba on May 1 and 2; the funeral took place on May 3 in the same cathedral and later at 4 p.m., presided by Archbishop Ñáñez, and concelebrated by forty bishops, among them Adriano Bernardini, titular archbishop of Faleri, nuncio in Argentina, and Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio, S.J., archbishop of Buenos Aires and primate of the country. More than 200 priests also concelebrated the requiem mass. The late cardinal was buried in the bishops' crypt of the metropolitan cathedral of Córdoba.

Webgraphy. Photograph and brief biographical entry, in Spanish; his arms and photographs, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the telegram, taken from the Press Office of the Holy See:

Mons. Carlos José Ñañez Arzobispo de Córdoba AL CONOCER LA TRISTE NOTICIA DEL FALLECIMIENTO DEL SEÑOR CARDENAL RAÚL FRANCISCO PRIMATESTA, ARZOBISPO EMÉRITO DE CÓRDOBA, OFREZCO FERVIENTES PLEGARIAS UNIDO A LOS FIELES DE ESA COMUNIDAD DIOCESANA Y A LOS DE SAN RAFAEL DONDE ANTERIORMENTE EJERCIÓ CON SOLICITUD SU MINISTERIO EPISCOPAL, PIDIENDO A DIOS QUE CONCEDA EL ETERNO DESCANSO A QUIEN DURANTE MUCHOS AÑOS FUE SU DILIGENTE PASTOR. RECORDANDO SU ABNEGADA ACCIÓN PASTORAL QUE LE DISTINGUIÓ EN SU LABOR EPISCOPAL EN ESA NACIÓN, TRABAJANDO EN LA APLICACIÓN DE LA DOCTRINA CONCILIO VATICANO II Y LA RENOVACIÓN DE LA IGLESIA EN FIDELIDAD A CRISTO Y AL SUCESOR DE PEDRO, EXPRESO MI SENTIDO PÉSAME A USTED, AL SEÑOR OBISPO AUXILIAR, AL CLERO, COMUNIDADES RELIGIOSAS Y FIELES DE ESA QUERIDA ARQUIDIÓCESIS, Y TAMBIÉN A SUS FAMILIARES, A LA VEZ QUE LES OTORGO DE CORAZÓN, ASÍ COMO A LOS PARTICIPANTES EN LA MISA EXEQUIAL, LA CONFORTADORA BENDICIÓN APOSTÓLICA, COMO SIGNO DE FE Y ESPERANZA CRISTIANA EN EL SEÑOR RESUCITADO.

BENEDICTUS PP. XVI

(103) 15. PAPPALARDO, Salvatore
(1918-2006)

Birth. September 23, 1918, Villafranca Sicula, diocese of Agrigento, Sicily, Italy. From a family originally from Zafferana Etnea. Son of Alfio Pappalardo, marshal of the force dei carabinieri, and Gaetana Coco, a homemaker.

Education. During his years of infancy, he lived in several towns of Sicily; and as adolescent, he lived in Catania, where he was student at classical lyceom "Nicola Spedalieri"; obtaining the maturità in 1936, sensing the vocation to the priesthood, he was sent by the bishop of Catania, Carmelo Patanè, to the Pontifical Roman Seminary, studying at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome; Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy, Rome, where he obtained the diploma in diplomacy; and the the Pontifical Lateran Athenaeum, Rome, where he eraned a doctorates in theology with the dissertation La sentenza "de certitudine inhærentis gratiæ" in Ambrogio Catarino; and in utroque iure, both canon and civil law, with the dissertation: La controversia per la giurisdizione ecclesiastica in Sicilia al tempo di Clemente XI).

Priesthood. Ordained, April 12, 1941, in the Pontifical Lateran Basilica, Rome, by Luigi Traglia, titular archbishop of Cesarea di Palestina, vice-gerent of Rome; in the same ceremony was ordained Giovanni Canestri, future cardinal. Further studies, 1942-1947. Staff member of the Secretariat of State, section of Extraordinary Affairs, with the rank of counselor of nunciature, 1947-1965. Privy chamberlain of His Holiness, June 21, 1951; reappointed, October 28, 1958. Pastoral ministry in the diocese of Rome, 1949-1965. Professor at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy; and professor of ecclesiastical diplomacy at the Pontifical Lateran University, 1959-1965. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, May 19, 1961.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Mileto and appointed pro-nuncio in Indonesia, December 7, 1965. Consecrated, January 16, 1966, chapel of the Major Roman Seminary, by Cardinal Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, bishop of the title of the suburbicarian see of Frascati, secretary of State, assisted by Guido Luigi Bentivoglio, S.O.C., archbishop of Catania, and by Antonio Samorè, titular archbishop of Trinovo, secretary of the S.C. of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs. His episcopal motto was Semper inhaerere mandatis. President of the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy May 7, 1969. Transferred to the metropolitan see of Palermo, October 17, 1970.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria d'Itria al Tritone, deaconry elevated _pro illa vice_to title, March 5, 1973; the name of the title was later changed to S. Maria Odigitria dei Siciliani. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Special papal envoy to the 16th International Marian Congress, Malta, September 15 to 18, 1983. Special papal envoy to the 22nd National Eucharistic Congress, Reggio Calabria, Italy, June 5 to 12, 1988. The slayings of two prominent anti-Mafia prosecutors in 1992 prompted the cardinal to publicly denounce the Mafia. Decorated with title of Knight of the Grand Cross of the Italian Republic by President Sandro Pertini. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese, April 4, 1996. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, September 23, 1998.

Death. Sunday December 10, 2006, in the morning, in Casa Diocesana, piazza Baida, 1, Palermo, at the age of 88. After learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope Benedict XVI sent Cardinal Salvatore De Giorgi, archbishop of Palermo, and Signora Maria Pappalardo, sister of the late cardinal, telegrams of condolence (1). Starting at 5 p.m., his body was exposed in Filangeri Hall of the archiepiscopal palace for the priests to visit; from 6 p.m., the faithful were also able to visit and pay their respects. The exposition of the body continued on Monday December 11, 2006, from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. At 7 p.m., the body was transferred to the metropolitan cathedral and exposed until midnight. At 9 p.m. there was a prayer vigil in the cathedral conducted by the Archiepiscopal Seminary. On Tuesday December 12, from 7 a.m. to noon, the exposition continued; Holy Mass was celebrated in the morning at 7, 7.45 and 9; at 10 a celebration of the Office of Readings by the metropolitan cathedral chapter took place. The cathedral reopened at 3 p.m. At 4 p.m., the exequial mass was celebrated by Cardinal De Giorgi, who also delivered the homily, and was concelebrated by the bishops of Sicily, the metropolitan and Palatine chapters, as well as by all the priests present. Cardinal Angelo Sodano, dean of the College of Cardinals and secretary of State emeritus, presided the ceremony in the name of the pope. Paolo Romeo, titular archbishop of Vulturia, nuncio in Italy, also participated in the ceremony. Immediately after the mass, the body of the late cardinal was buried in the chapel of S.Cristina, in the metropolitan cathedral of Palermo (2).

Bibliography. Fabris, Rinaldo. "Mons. Salvatore Pappalardo." La Pontificia Università lateranense : profilo della sua storia, dei suoi maestri, e dei suoi discepoli. Roma : Libreria editrice della Pontificia Università lateranense, 1963, p. 251-252; Noto, Vincenzo. Chiesa e Mafia : Salvatore Pappalardo un cardinale in prima linea. Palermo : ILA Palma, 2009. (Memorie/ testimonianze; Variation: Memorie/ testimonianze). Note: S. Pappalardo (1918-2006), Archbishop of Palermo (Sicily) and Cardinal.Contents: Premessa, 7; II giorno della morte, 9; Istantanee di un uomo di religione, 19; Lo stile, 23; I primi interventi, 37; Ruffini e la mafia, 45; Rifiutato all'Ucciardone, 59; I funerali di Dalla Chiesa, 67; II primo maxiprocesso, 73; Giovanni Paolo II ad Agrigento, 81; L'uccisione di don Pino Puglisi, 87; Conclusione, 95; Appendice/1, 101; Appendice/2, 105; Pappalardo, Salvatore. Vescovo a Palermo : discorsi e scritti del Cardinale Pappalardo. Palermo : S.F. Flaccovio, 1982. (Collana di saggi e monografie ; nuova ser., 57).

Webgraphy. Biography by Sergio Tanzarella, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 81 (2014), Treccani; photograph and biographical data, in Italian, archdiocese of Palermo; photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede, The Vatican; photographs and biography, in Italian, Wikipedia; photograph and biography, in English, Wikipedia; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Palermo, è morto il cardinale Pappalardo simbolo della lotta contro la mafia, in Italian, la Repubblica.it, December 10, 2006; Il Cardinale Salvatore Pappalardo, un "pastore zelante" in prima linea contro la mafia by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Palermo, 10 dicembre, 2021 / 2:00 PM; Pastore di una città ferita. La storia di Palermo nelle omelie del cardinale Pappalardo by Alessandra Zaffiro, L'Osservatore Romano, 21 ottobre 2022.

(1) This is the text of the telegrams, taken from the Press Office of the Holy See:

A Sua Eminenza Rev.ma il Cardinale Salvatore De Giorgi Arcivescovo di Palermo HO APPRESO CON DOLORE LA MESTA NOTIZIA DELLA SCOMPARSA DEL SIGNOR CARDINALE SALVATORE PAPPALARDO ARCIVESCOVO EMERITO DI PALERMO E NELL’ELEVARE FERVIDE PREGHIERE A DIO PERCHE’ CONCEDA IL RIPOSO ETERNO A QUESTO ZELANTE E GENEROSO PASTORE MI UNISCO SPIRITUALMENTE AL CORDOGLIO DI CODESTA COMUNITÀ DIOCESANA DOVE EGLI ESERCITÒ CON SOLLECITUDINE IL MINISTERO EPISCOPALE (.) RICORDO CON AMMIRAZIONE LA SUA FECONDA E MOLTEPLICE ATTIVITÀ APOSTOLICA ANIMATA DAL DESIDERIO DI ANNUNCIARE CRISTO E DI ACCOMPAGNARE CON IL SUO ILLUMINATO MAGISTERO IL CAMMINO DI CRESCITA MORALE E CULTURALE DELLA SOCIETÀ PALERMITANA (.) NELL’ESPRIMERE LE MIE SENTITE CONDOGLIANZE AI FAMILIARI DEL COMPIANTO PORPORATO A LEI AL PRESBITERIO ALLE COMUNITÀ RELIGIOSE ED A TUTTI I FEDELI DI CODESTA CARA ARCIDIOCESI DI CUORE IMPARTO LA CONFORTATRICE BENEDIZIONE APOSTOLICA QUALE SEGNO DI FEDE E DI SPERANZA CRISTIANA NEL SIGNORE RISORTO

BENEDICTUS PP. XVI

Gentile Sig.ra Maria Pappalardo Palermo APPRESA CON TRISTEZZA LA NOTIZIA DELLA MORTE DEL SUO AMATO FRATELLO IL CARDINALE SALVATORE PAPPALARDO DESIDERO ESPRIMERE A LEI E AI FAMILIARI LA MIA PROFONDA PARTECIPAZIONE AL LORO DOLORE PENSANDO CON STIMA E AFFETTO A QUESTO BENEMERITO PORPORATO CHE HA SAPUTO SERVIRE GENEROSAMENTE E SAPIENTEMENTE LA CHIESA (.) RICORDANDO CON GRATITUDINE AL SIGNORE L’AMPIA MESSE DI BENE DA LUI RACCOLTA MEDIANTE UNA INTENSA E PAZIENTE OPERA PASTORALE ELEVO FERVIDE PREGHIERE AL SIGNORE PERCHÉ GLI CONCEDA IL PREMIO ETERNO PROMESSO AI GIUSTI E DI CUORE IMPARTO A LEI AI CONGIUNTI E A QUANTI NE PIANGONO LA SCOMPARSA LA CONFORTATRICE BENEDIZIONE APOSTOLICA

BENEDICTUS PP. XVI

(2) This is the inscription in his tomb, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici from Malta:

SEPULCRUM SALVATORIS S.R.E. CARD. PAPPALARDO TITULO SANCTAE MARIAE ODIGITRIAE SICULORUM ARCHIEPISCOPI METROPOLITAE PANORMITANI * 23.09.1918 + 10.12.2006

(104) 16. ANTONELLI, O.F.M., Ferdinando Giuseppe
(1896-1993)

Birth. July 14, 1896, Subbiano, diocese of Arezzo, Italy.

Education. Joined the Order of Friars Minor, Florence, 1909; professed, April 7, 1914. Military service during W.W. I. Pontifical Antonianum Athenaeum, Rome; Pontifical Institute of Christian Archeology, Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 25, 1922, Rome. Further studies, 1922-1928. Faculty member of the Pontifical Antonianum Athenaeum, Rome, 1928-1965; rector magnifico, 1937-1943, and 1953-1959. General definitor of his order, 1939-1945. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965, as expert. Secretary of the S.C. of Rites, January 26, 1965.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Idicra, February 19, 1966. Consecrated, March 19, 1966, patriarchal Vatican basilica, Rome, by Pope Paul VI, assisted by Francesco Carpino, titular archbishop Sardica, assessor of the S.C. Consistorial and secretary of the Sacred College of Cardinals, and by Ettore Cunial, titular archbishop of Soteropoli, vice-gerent of Rome. In the same ceremony was consecrated Giuseppe Violardo, titular archbishop of Satafi, secretary of the S.C. for the Discipline of the Sacraments, future cardinal. Named secretary of the S.C. for the Causes of the Saints, May 7, 1969.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Sebastiano al Palatino, March 5, 1973. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, July 14, 1976. Attended the I Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Opted for the order of cardinal priests and his deaconry was elevated pro illa vice to title, February 2, 1983.

Death. July 12, 1993, Rome. Buried in La Pietà chapel, Franciscan shrine of La Verna (1). At his death, he was the oldest member of the Sacred College of Cardinals.

Bibliography. Chapeau, O.S.B., André and Charles N. Bransom. "Franciscan bishops." Franciscan Studies, XLVIII (1988), 310; Giampietro, Nicola. Il cardinale Giuseppe Ferdinando Antonelli e gli sviluppi della riforma liturgica dal 1948 al 1970. Romae : [s.n.], 1996. (Thesis ad lauream ; n. 229; Variation: Thesis ad lauream (Pontificio Ateneo S. Anselmo) ; n. 229).

Webgraphy. His photograph, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the inscription on a commemorative plaque near his resting place, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

IN QUESTO SACRO MONTE DELLA VERNA OVE INIZIO LA SUA VITA FRANCESCANA FERDINANDO GIUSEPPE ANTONELLI CARDINALE DI S.R. CHIESA DELLA DIACONIA DAL TITOLO DI S. SEBASTIANO AL PALATINO ORIUNDO DEL CASENTINO OTTENNE QUESTO ONORATO PATRIO SEPOLCRO. PRESULE ESIMIO PER ELOQUENZA E DOTTRINA NELLE COSE SACRE ESEGUÌ CON DILIGENZA PARI ALLA MAESTRIA GLI ARDUI COMPITI AFFIDATIGLI DAI ROMANI PONTEFICI. NEL CORSO DELLA SUA LUNGA VITA FECE CRESCERE SEMPRE PIÙ QUELLA FIAMMA DI AMORE VERSO DIO E VERSO GLI UOMINI CHE FIN DA GIOVANETTO ATTINSE IN QUESTO LUOGO. MORÌ IL 12 LUGLIO 1993 VISSE ANNI 97 ANIMA PIISSIMA VIVI PER SEMPRE IN CRISTO!

(105) 17. GONZÁLEZ MARTÍN, Marcelo
(1918-2004)

Birth. January 16, 1918, Villanubla, archdiocese of Valladolid, Spain. Son of Minervino González Barrero, who died in April 1918, and Constanza Martín Quijada (1883-?). The parents dedicated themselves to the elaboration and sale of cheeses. After his father died, he was raised by his mother and his paternal grandfather, Eugenio González Lobo.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Valladolid; and at the Pontifical University of Comillas (theology).

Priesthood. Ordained, June 29, 1941, Valladolid. Successively, 1941-1960, faculty member of the Seminary of Valladolid; faculty member of the University of Valladolid; pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of Valladolid and several dioceses of Spain; diocesan chaplain of the Catholic Action; delegate of "Caritas"; founder of "Patronato de San Pedro Regalado" for construction of houses for poor families; canon of the cathedral chapter; and synodal judge. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, March 24, 1960.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Astorga, December 31, 1960. Consecrated, March 5, 1961, cathedral of Valladolid, by Ildebrando Antoniutti, titular archbishop of Sinnada di Frigia, nuncio in Spain, assisted by Luis Almarcha Hernández, bishop of León, and by José María Cirarda Lachiondo, titular bishop of Drusiliana, auxiliary of Sevilla. His episcopal motto was Pauperes evangelizatur. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Promoted to titular archbishop of Case Mediane and appointed coadjutor of Barcelona, with right of succession, February 21, 1966. Archbishop of Barcelona, January 7, 1967. Attended the First Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 29, 1967. Transferred to the metropolitan and primatial see of Toledo, December 3, 1971; made his solemn entrance in the archdiocese on January 23, 1972, Solemnity of Saint Ildefonso. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Agostino, March 5, 1973. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Special papal envoy to the 4th centennial celebration of the founding of the English College, Valladolid, Spain, December 10, 1989; to the 5th centennial celebration of the Treaty of Tordesilla, Valladolid, Spain, June 7, 1994. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese, June 23, 1995; apostolic administrator of Toledo until the following September 24. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, January 16, 1998.

Death. August 25, 2004, at 7:50 p.m., of cerebral failure of vascular origin together with the failure of the function of the brain, in Fuentes de Nava, Palencia, Spain. After learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope John Paul II sent Antonio Cañizares Llovera, archbishop of Toledo, a telegram of condolence (1). Buried in the chapel of San Ildefonso, in front of the tomb of Cardinal Gil Álvarez de Albornoz, Can. Reg. of Saint Augustine (+ August 23, 1367), in the metropolitan and primatial cathedral of Toledo (2) and (3).

Bibliography. Echeverría, Lamberto de. Episcopologio español contemporáneo, 1868-1985 : datos biográficos y genealogía espiritual de los 585 obispos nacidos o consagrados en España entre el 1 de enero de 1868 y el 31 de diciembre de 1985 . Salamanca : Universidad de Salamanca, 1986. (Acta Salmanticensia; Derecho; 45), p. 122.

Webgraphy. Biography by Santiago Calvo Valencia, in Spanish, Diccionario Biográfico Español, DB~e; Cardenal Marcelo González Martín (1918-2004); his arms, Araldica Vaticana; El Vaticano emitirá un aerograma en el centenario del nacimiento del cardenal don Marcelo, Ecclesia Digital, 12 de febrero de 2018; Aerograma Vaticano dedicado al cardenal Marcelo González Martín, Ecclesia Digital, 25 de noviembre de 2018; Entrega de un fondo fotográfico al cabildo primado de Toledo sobre el cardenal Marcelo González Martín, Ecclesia Digital, 3 de diciembre de 2018; Carta Pastoral: «Don Marcelo, en clave sinodal», por Francisco Cerro, Ecclesia Digital, 23 Jul 2021.

(1) This is the text of the telegram, taken from the Press Office of the Holy See:Mons. Antonio Cañizares Llovera Arzobispo de Toledo AL CONOCER LA TRISTE NOTICIA DEL FALLECIMIENTO DEL SEÑOR CARDENAL MARCELO GONZÁLEZ MARTÍN, ARZOBISPO EMÉRITO DE TOLEDO, OFREZCO FERVIENTES PLEGARIAS UNIDO A LOS FIELES DE ESA COMUNIDAD DIOCESANA Y A LOS DE ASTORGA Y BARCELONA DONDE ANTERIORMENTE EJERCIÓ CON SOLICITUD SU MINISTERIO EPISCOPAL, PIDIENDO A DIOS QUE CONCEDA EL ETERNO DESCANSO A QUIEN DURANTE MUCHOS AÑOS FUE SU DILIGENTE PASTOR. RECORDANDO SU ABNEGADA ACCIÓN PASTORAL QUE LE DISTINGUIÓ EN SU MINISTERIO EPISCOPAL EN ESA NACIÓN, TRABAJANDO EN LA APLICACIÓN DE LA DOCTRINA CONCILIO VATICANO II Y LA RENOVACIÓN DE LA IGLESIA EN FIDELIDAD A CRISTO Y AL SUCESOR DE PEDRO, ASÍ COMO SU LABOR DE DIÁLOGO Y CONCORDIA A NIVEL ECLESIAL, EXPRESO MI SENTIDO PÉSAME A USTED, AL SEÑOR CARDENAL FRANCISCO ÁLVAREZ MARTÍNEZ, AL CLERO, COMUNIDADES RELIGIOSAS Y FIELES DE ESA QUERIDA ARCHIDIÓCESIS, Y TAMBIÉN A SUS FAMILIARES, A LA VEZ QUE LES OTORGO DE CORAZÓN, ASÍ COMO A LOS PARTICIPANTES EN LA MISA EXEQUIAL, LA CONFORTADORA BENDICIÓN APOSTÓLICA, COMO SIGNO DE FE Y ESPERANZA CRISTIANA EN EL SEÑOR RESUCITADO.

IOANNES PAULUS II

(2) This is the text of the inscription on his tomb, kindly provided by Mr. Mark West, from London:

EMMUS AC RVDIMUS DOMINUS MARCELLUS GONZALEZ MARTIN ARCHIEP TOLETANUS HISPANIARUM PRIMAS MCMLXXII - MCMXCV S R E TITULI S. AUGUSTINI PRESBYTER CARDINALIS OLIM EPISC ASTURICENSIS ET ARCHIEP BARCINONENSIS PATER IN CONCILIO VATICANO II CUIUS DOCTRINAM FIDELITER APPLICAVIT ENIXE VOCATIONES CONSECRATAS FOVIT VERBUM DEI ARDENTER PRAEDICAVIT ECCLESIAM ET OMNES FERVENTER DILEXIT PIE IN DOMINO QUIEVIT DIE XXV-VIII-MMIV VESTRAS POSTULAT PRECES

(3) This is the text of his Rogito, kindly provided by Mr. Mark West, from London:

MARCELLUS CARD GONZALEZ MARTIN NATUS APUD VILLANUEVA, VALLESOLETAN. DIOC. (16-1-18), EPISCOPUS ASTURICENSIS, DEINDE ARCHIEPISCOPUS BARCINONENSIS, DEMUM ARCHIEPISCOPUS TOLETAN., HISPANIARUM PRIMAS (1972-1995), CARD. TIT. SANCTI AUGUSTINI, PATER IN CONC VAT II, CUIUS DOCTRINAM FIDELITER APLICAVIT, ENIXE VOCATIONES CONSECRATAS FOVIT, VERBUM DEI ARDENTER PRAEDICAVIT, ECCLESIAM ET OMNES, PRAESERTIM PAUPERES, PERVENTER DILEXIT, LITURGIAM HISPANOMOZARABICAM RESTAURAVIT AD NORMAM CONC VAT II. PRIMUS ARCHIEP TOLET EMERITUS, IN MANUS DEI PATRIS TRADIDIT SPIRITUM APUD FUENTES DE NAVA, DIOC PALENTIN (25-VIII-2004). QUIESCIT IN ECCLESIA CATHEDR. TOLETANA IN CAPELLA SANCTI ILDEFONSI

(106) 18. GUYOT, Louis-Jean
(1905-1988)

Birth. July 7, 1905, Bordeaux, France. Son of Jean Joseph Guyot, a military doctor, and Marie Jeanne Catherine Videau. His baptismal name was Jean-Louis-Frédéric; and he often signed his name as Jean only.

Education. Studied at the University of Bordeaux; at the Seminary of Bordeaux; and at the Pontifical "Angelicum" Athenaeum, Rome, where he earned a doctorate in theology.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 29, 1932, Bordeaux. Successively, 1932-1944, pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of Bordeaux; further studies, archdiocesan chaplain of the Catholic Youth Organization; founder of Saint-Maurice Seminary for late vocations. Vicar general of Bordeaux, 1944-1949.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Elenopoli di Palestina and appointed coadjutor of Coutances, with right of succession, March 18, 1949. Consecrated May 4, 1949, metropolitan cathedral of Bordeaux, by Maurice Feltin, archbishop of Bordeaux, assisted by Joseph Martin, archbishop of Rouen, and by Alfred Ancel, titular bishop of Mirina, auxiliary of Lyon. His episcopal motto was Ut omnes unm sint. Succeeded to the see of Coutances, April 8, 1950. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Toulouse, April 28, 1966.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Agnese fuori le mura, March 5, 1973. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Toulouse, November 16, 1978. He resided in the retirement home of the Little Sisters of the Poor in Bordeaux, where he spent his last ten years, passing away under their care. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when he turned eighty years of age, July 7, 1985.

Death. August 1, 1988, Bordeaux. A first funeral was held in the chapel of the residence where he died on Wednesday, August 4, 1988, at 10 a.m. Transferred to Toulouse the following day, a solemn funeral was held in the city’s cathedral of Saint-Étienne on Friday, August 6 at 10 a.m., presided by his successor, Archbishop André Collini, and concelebrated among others by Cardinals François Marty, Roger Etchegaray and Paul Gouyon, together with twenty five prelates and three abbots. The homily was delivered by Pierre Eyt, coadjutor archbishop of Bordeaux. Seven hundred people were in attendance, including representatives from the Knights of Malta, a delegation of the Légion d’Honneur and members of the Orthodox and Jewish communities. Burial followed privately at three in the afternoon beside the main altar of the metropolitan cathedral of Toulouse (1).

Bibliography. Chapeau, O.S.B. André and Fernand Combaluzier, C.M. Épiscopologe français des temps modernes, 1592-1973. Paris : Letouzey et Ané, 1974, p. 33-334.

Webgraphy. His arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the inscription in his vault, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

Cardinal Jean GUYOT 1905 - 1988 Archevêque de Toulouse 1966 - 1978

(107) 19. POLETTI, Ugo
(1914-1997)

Birth. April 19, 1914, Omegna, diocese of Novara, Italy. Son of Bartolomeo Poletti (+ 1929), mechanical worker in the Officine De Angeli-Frua, and Maria Lorea, housewife and maid by the hour. He was the youngest of five children, two of whom died at an early age. He was able to know only the two sisters, who were several years older than him. The living conditions of the family were dignified, but close to poverty, especially after the untimely death of Bartolomeo.

Education. He received a solid Catholic education, served as an altar boy and later frequented the Oratory of the Missionary Fathers of the Sacred Heart in his city. In October 1927, he was accepted at the Minor Seminary of Arona, helped by the granting of a scholarship; finished high school and then he passed to the Major Seminary of Novara.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 29, 1938, cathedral of S. Gaudenzio, Novara. Vice-rector of the theological seminary and bursar of the general diocesan seminary of Novara, 1938-1946. Pastoral ministry in the diocese of Novara, 1946-1951; its pro-vicar general, 1954-1958. Protonotary apostolic, June 16, 1955.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Medeli and appointed auxiliary of Novara, July 12, 1958. Consecrated, September 14, 1958, cathedral of Novara, by Vincenzo Gilla Gremigni, M.S.C., archbishop-bishop of Novara, assisted by Mario Longo Dorni, bishop of Pistoia, and by Francesco Brustia, bishop of Andria. His episcopal motto was Spes certa poli. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. President of the Pontifical Mission Aid Societies, 1964-1967. Promoted to the archiepiscopal see of Spoleto, June 26, 1967. Named apostolic administrator of the see of Todi on October 1, 1967; occupied the post until 1969. Transferred to the titular see of Cittanova and appointed one of two vice-gerents of Rome, July 3, 1969 (the other vice-gerent was Ettore Cunial, titular archbishop of Soteropoli, later vice-camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church). Named pro-vicar general of Rome and its district, October 13, 1972.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest, March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of Ss. Ambrogio e Carlo, March 5, 1973. Vicar general of Rome and its district, March 6, 1973. Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran basilica, March 26, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974. Papal legate to the opening of Holy Door at the patriarchal Lateran basilica, December 24, 1974. Attended the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980; the Sixth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 28, 1983. Papal legate to the opening of Holy Door at the patriarchal Lateran basilica, December 24, 1983. President of the Italian Episcopal Conference from 1985 to 1991. Attended the Second Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24 to December 8, 1985. Attended the Seventh Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 1 to 30, 1987. Resigned the vicariate of Rome, January 17, 1991. Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian basilica, January 17, 1991. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, April 19, 1994.

Death. Tuesday February 25, 1997, at 4:10 a.m., suddenly, of a heart attack, at the Gemelli Polyclinic Hospital, Rome; he suffered from erysipelas or Saint Anthony's Fire for a long time. Pope John Paul II presided the funeral ceremonies at the patriarchal Vatican basilica Thursday February 27; the pope also delivered the homily. Buried in the chapel of S. Lucia in the patriarchal Liberian basilica, Rome.

Bibliography. Poletti, Ugo. Da una finestra romana. Uno sguardo retrospettivo... dal vero. Roma : Edizioni Viverein, 2014.

Webgraphy. Biography by Giorgio Vecchio, in Italian, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 84 (2015), Treccani; Photographs and biography by Eman Bonnici, Find a Grave; his arms, portrait and photographs, Araldica Vaticana; É morto Ugo Poletti, cardinale del dialogo ed ex vicario del Papa by Luigi Accattoli, Corriere della Sera, 26 febbraio 1997; In diocesi: Il cardinale Ugo Poletti, «vescovo, pastore e padre», RomaSette.it, Sabato 19 Aprile 2014; La Diocesi di Roma ricorda con un convegno il Cardinale Ugo Poletti by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Roma, 29 ottobre, 2021 / 11:00 AM; Il Cardinale De Donatis: "Ancora oggi vediamo l'eredità del Cardinale Poletti" by Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Roma, 05 novembre, 2021 / 10:00 AM; Il Cardinale Ugo Poletti, tra Roma e la guida della CEIby Marco Mancini, ACI Stampa, Roma, 25 febbraio, 2022 / 9:00 AM.

(108) 20. MANNING , Timothy
(1909-1989)

Birth. November 15, 1909, Ballingeary, diocese of Cork, Ireland. Son of Cornelius Manning, a blacksmith, and Margaret Cronin, both from Ballingeary, County Cork, Ireland. His middle named was Finbar.

Education. Studied at Mungret College, Limerick; at Saint Patrick's Seminary, Menlo Park, California, United States of America; and at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 16, 1934, at St. Vibiana cathedral, Los Angeles, by John Joseph Cantwell, bishop of Los Angeles-San Diego. Further studies, 1934-1936. Pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of Los Angeles, 1936-1938; 1946-1967. Privy chamberlain of His Holiness, April 15, 1943. Secretary to John Joseph Cantwell, archbishop of Los Angeles, 1938-1946. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, November 17, 1945. Chancellor of the archdiocese of Los Angeles, March 19, 1946.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Lesvi and appointed auxiliary of Los Angeles, August 3, 1946. Consecrated, October 15, 1946, Los Angeles, by Joseph Thomas McGucken, titular bishop of Sanavo, auxiliary of Los Angeles, assisted by James Edward Walsh, M.M., titular bishop of Sata, and by Thomas Arthur Connolly, titular bishop of Sila and auxiliary of Los Angeles. His episcopal motto was Magnificat. Vicar general of the archdiocese of Los Angeles, November 29, 1955. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Transferred to the diocese of Fresno, October 16, 1967. Promoted to titular archbishop of Carpi and appointed coadjutor of Los Angeles, with right of succession, May 26, 1969. Succeeded to the see of Los Angeles, January 21, 1970.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Lucia a Piazza d'Armi, March 5, 1973. Attended the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5-9, 1979. Special papal envoy to the celebration of the 3rd centennial of St. Oliver Plunkett's martyrdom, Drogheda, Ireland, July 5, 1981. Attended the Sixth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 28, 1983; president delegate. Resigned the pastoral government of archdiocese of Los Angeles, July 12, 1985. After his retirement, he resided at Holy Family parish, South Pasadena. During his tenure, he managed to celebrate Mass on every altar of his archdiocese.

Death. Friday June 23, 1989, at 2:20 p.m.; a life long heavy smoker, he died of lung cancer, which eventually spread to his chest and spine, at the Norris Cancer Hospital of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles. The funeral Mass took place at the metropolitan cathedral of St. Vibiana, presided by his successor, Archbishop Roger Mahony of Los Angeles. In attendance were Cardinals John O'Connor, James Hickey and Edmund C. Szoka, together with thirty Protestant, Eastern Orthodox, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist and Hindu leaders from the Los Angeles interfaith circles, which the late cardinal had helped to create. Eleven hundred people attended the funeral Mass. His body was buried at Calvary Cemetery, East Los Angeles. Unlike those of Cardinal James Francis McIntyre, the remains of Cardinal Manning were not transferred to the new Our Lady of Los Angeles metropolitan cathedral mausoleum according to his personal request, as he wanted to be buried in a simple grave for priests (1). The Cardinal Timothy Manning House of Prayer for Priests at 3441 Waverly Drive, Los Angeles, was named after him.

Bibliography. Weber Francis. Magnificat : the life and times of Timothy Cardinal Manning. Mission Hills, Calif. : St. Francis Historical Society, 1999.

Webgraphy. His arms and photograph, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the inscription on his grave, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

HIS EMINENCE CARDINAL TIMOTHY MANNING BORN NOVEMBER 15, 1909 BALLINGEARY, COUNTY CORK, IRELAND ORDAINED A PRIEST JUNE 16, 1934 CONSECRATED AUXILIARY BISHOP OF LOS ANGELES OCTOBER 15, 1946 INSTALLED AS THE FIRST BISHOP OF FRESNO DECEMBER 15, 1967 NAMED COADJUTOR ARCHBISHOP OF LOS ANGELES MAY 26, 1969 SUCCEEDED AS ARCHBISHOP OF LOS ANGELES JANUARY 21, 1970 CREATED CARDINAL PRIEST MARCH 5, 1973 BECAME ARCHBISHOP EMERITUS SEPTEMBER 5, 1985 FELL ASLEEP IN THE LORD JUNE 23, 1989 “MY SOUL PROCLAIMS THE GREATNESS OF THE LORD” LUKE 1:46

(109) 21. TAGUCHI, Paul Yashigoro
(1902-1978)

Birth. July 20, 1902, Shittsu, archdiocese of Nagasaki, Japan.

Education. Studied at the Pontifical Urbanian Athenaeum "De Propaganda Fide," Rome; and at the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum "S. Apollinare", Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 22, 1928, Rome. Further studies, 1928-1931. Pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of Tōkyō and faculty member of its seminary, 1931-1936. Secretary to the apostolic delegate to Japan, 1936-1940. Apostolic administrator of diocese of the Osaka, November 30, 1940.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Osaka, November 25, 1941. Consecrated, December 14, 1941, cathedral of Tōkyō, by Paolo Marella, titular archbishop of Doclea, apostolic delegate to Japan, assisted by Peter Tatsuo Doi, archbishop of Tōkyō, and by John Peter Francis Ross, titular bishop of Tabala, apostolic vicar of Hiroshima. His episcopal motto was Mater mea fiducia mea. Apostolic administrator of the prefecture apostolic of Shikoku, 1941-1962. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Attended the First Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 29, 1967. Promoted to archbishop of Osaka when that see was elevated to the metropolitan rank, July 24, 1969. Attended the First Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, October 11 to 28, 1969. President of the Episcopal Conference of Japan, 1970-1978. Attended the First Asian Episcopal Conference, Manila, Philippines, 1971. Attended the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971. He founded the St. Joseph Missionary Nuns of Osaka as well as the Yuri Gakuin School, the Eichi Junior College, the Eichi University (currently St. Thomas University), and the Chiisakihananoen Kindergarten.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria in Via, March 5, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974.

Death. February 23, 1978, Osaka. Buried, Catholic Cemetery in Kabutoyama, Nishinomiya City, near the old Episcopal House.

Webgraphy. His photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(110) 22. OTUNGA, Maurice
(1923-2003)

Birth. January, 1923, Chebukwa, diocese of Kisumu, Kenya. He was the son of Wasike Lusweti 'Sudi', a traditional paramount chief of the Bakhone (or Bukusu) who had about seventy recognized as true wives, and diviner Rosa Namisi. He was named "Otunga", which meant a staff on which the elderly or the ill lean for support. The original name was Odunga but the Lubukusu language does not have a "d" sound, so it was eventually changed to Otunga. He converted to Catholicism and was baptized in 1935 in Kabibii, either by Father Leo Pulaert or Fent; he took the name Maurice Michael. His father was baptized in 1963 and his mother in 1965.

Education. Initial studies at Mill Hill School, Kibabii, 1931-1933; then, at Mill Hill School, Sijei, 1933-1934; back to Kisibii, 1934; continued his studies at the Holy Ghost School, Kabaa, 1935-1939; at the Holy Ghost School, Mangu, 1939-1943; at St. Peter the Apostle Minor Seminary, Mukumu; at the Major Seminary at Ggaba, Kampala, Uganda (philosophy and theology); in 1947, he declined to become paramount chief when his father retired; and finally, at the Pontifical Urbanian Athenaeum "De Propaganda Fide," Rome, 1947-1950, where he obtained a licentiate in theology in September 1951.

Priesthood. Ordained, October 3, 1950, Rome, by Cardinal Pietro Fumasoni Biondi, prefect of the S.C. for the Propagation of the Faith. Further studies in Rome, 1950-1951. Traveled in Europe for a few months in 1951, visiting northern Italy, Paris, Lourdes, England and Ireland. Returned to Kenya in 1951 and was professor of theology at St. Peter's Seminary, Kakamega, for three years, 1951-1954. Secretary to James Knox, titular archbishop of Melitene, apostolic delegate in British Africa, 1954-1956; resided in Mombasa; he traveled extensively in Africa with the delegate. Assigned to the parish of Makupa, Nairobi, 1956.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Tacape and appointed auxiliary of Kisumu, November 17, 1956. Consecrated, February 25, 1957, seminary grounds, Kakamega, by James Robert Knox, titular archbishop of Melitene, apostolic delegate in British Africa, assisted by John Joseph McCarthy, archbishop of Nairobi, and by Frederick Hall, bishop of Kisumu. His episcopal motto was Per ipsum et cum ipso et in ipso. Transferred to diocese of Kisii, May 21, 1960. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. First chancellor of the University of Eastern Africa. Military vicar of Kenya, January 20, 1964. Promoted to titular archbishop of Bomarza and appointed coadjutor of Nairobi, with right of succession, November 15, 1969. Succeeded to the metropolitan see of Nairobi, October 24, 1971. President of Episcopal Conference of Kenya. Vice-president of the Association of Episcopal Conferences of East Africa (AMECEA). Member of the Permanent Commission of the Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM).

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Gregorio Barbarigo alle Tre Fontane, March 5, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974; the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977; member of its general secretariat, 1977-1980. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980; member of its general secretariat, 1980-1983. Military ordinary for Kenya, January 24, 1981. Member of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, May 31, 1981. Attended the Special Assembly of the Synod of Bishops for Africa, Vatican City, April 10 to May 8, 1994. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese, May 14, 1997. Resigned the military ordinariate, September 13, 1997. After his retirement, he decided to live in a home for the aged. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned 80 years old, January, 2003. He spent his last days until he died at Nyumba ya Wazee home for the elderly. He was the first Kenyan to become a priest, a bishop, an archbishop and a cardinal.

Death. September 6, 2003, 6:45 a.m., of cardiac arrest, at the intensive care unit of Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Nairobi. Upon learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope John Paul II sent Raphael S. Ndingi Mwana’a Nzeki, archbishop of Nairobi, a telegram of condolence (1>. Buried, according to his will, in Saint Austin's Cemetery, Msongari, Nairobi. In February 2005, the starting of plans for his beatification were announced. The first step is the reburial of his body at Resurrection Gardens in Karen, Nairobi. This was immediately opposed by the Bukusu community, from which the late cardinal came, arguing that the move was likely to bring a curse on the community. His remains were secretly reburied at 1 pm., on August 24, 2005, at the Resurrection Gardens (1).

Beatification. The process was started in September 2009. The first postulator of the cause, Father Anthony Bellagamba, I.M.C., a Consolata Missionary, was a former professor of pastoral theology at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA). He was named postulator by Cardinal John Njue, archbishop of Nairobi. He passed away at 84 on August 11, 2011. No replacement has been named yet. The Vatican has already accepted the late Cardinal Otunga as Servant of God. The process is in its second phase, where the committee is studying written works of as well as on the late cardinal.

Bibliography. Ogola, Margaret A. and Roche, Margaret. Cardinal Otunga : a gift of grace. Nairobi, Kenya : Paulines Publications Africa, 1999.

Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; his arms and photograph; Cardinal Otunga, the Servant of God, in English; Kenya Episcopal Conference, in English; Inquiry into beatification of Cardinal Otunga begins in Nairobi, in English, Catholic News Agency; R.I.P. Consolata missionary Fr. Anthony Bellagamba, Jesus Caritas Est, Sunday, August 14, 2011; Kenya: Pray for Cardinal Otunga to be beatified and then canonised, Vatican News, CISA, Nairobi, Kenya, 07 September 2021, 22:11.

(1) This is the text of the telegram, taken from the Holy See Press Office:

To The Most Reverend Raphael S. Ndingi Mwana'a Nzeki, Archbishop of Nairobi IT IS WITH DEEP SADNESS THAT I LEARNED OF THE DEATH OF CARDINAL MAURICE MICHAEL OTUNGA, AND I WISH TO ASSURE YOU AND ALL THE FAITHFUL OF THE ARCHDIOCESE OF NAIROBI OF MY PRAYERS TO THE GOOD SHEPHERD THAT, IN HIS TENDER LOVE, HE WILL BRING THIS DEDICATED SERVANT SPEEDILY TO THE PLACE PREPARED FOR HIM AT THE HEAVENLY BANQUET. I JOIN YOU IN GIVING THANKS TO ALMIGHTY GOD FOR THE MANY GRACES BESTOWED ON THE CHURCH THROUGH CARDINAL OTUNGA’S LONG YEARS OF GENEROUS SERVICE AS PRIEST AND BISHOP. WITH HEARTFELT CONDOLENCES TO ALL WHO MOURN THE LOSS OF THIS DEVOTED PASTOR, I CORDIALLY IMPART MY APOSTOLIC BLESSING AS A PLEDGE OF COMFORT AND PEACE IN THE RISEN SAVIOUR.

IOANNES PAULUS II

(2) This is the text of the inscription on his tomb, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

MAURICE MICHAEL CARDINAL OTUNGA (1923 - 2003) "A DISCIPLE OF JESUS CHRIST, HE SERVED HIS PEOPLE WITH DEEP FAITH AND LOVE FOR ALL AS A HUMBLE PRIEST, A COMPASSIONATE SHEPHERD, LEAVING TO KENYA AND TO THE WHOLE WORLD, AN EXAMPLE OF A TRUE MODEL OF SANCTITY FOR ALL."

(111) 23. SALAZAR LÓPEZ, José
(1910-1991)

Birth. January 12, 1910, Ameca, archdiocese of Guadalajara, México. From a family of peasants. Son of Cándido Salazar Ortiz and Luisa López Villaseñor. He was the youngest of their four children following Fernando, Gregorio and Victoria. His parents’ house along with its adjacent orchard, received through inheritance by the future cardinal, was bequeathed by him to the locals and converted into a home for elderly.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Guadalajara; and at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, May 26, 1934, Guadalajara. Pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of Guadalajara, 1934-1961. Charged with the construction of the Conciliar Seminary of Guadalajara; member of its faculty, and prefect of studies, 1934-1944; vice-rector, 1944-1950; rector, 1950-1961. Apostolic visitor to the Seminaries of Puebla and Durango, 1958.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Prusiade and appointed coadjutor of Zamora, May 22, 1961. Consecrated, August 20, 1961, basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe, México City, by Cardinal José Garibi Rivera, archbishop of Guadalajara, assisted by Francisco Javier Nuño Guerrero, titular archbishop of Garella, coadjutor of Guadalajara, and by José Gabriel Anaya y Diez de Bonilla, bishop of Zamora. His episcopal motto was Ministrare. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Transferred to the diocese of Zamora, September 15, 1967. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Guadalajara, February 21, 1970. Attended the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Emerenziana a Tor Fiorenza, March 5, 1973. President of the Episcopal Conference of México. Attended the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Attended the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the III General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Puebla, México, January 27 to February 13, 1979; the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese, May 15, 1987. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, January 12, 1990.

Death. July 9, 1991, at 4 p.m., of a heart attack, at Santísima Trinidad Hospital, Guadalajara. He was exposed in the metropolitan cathedral of Guadalajara the following day; and buried in that same cathedral. On the occasion of the centenary of his birth, a monument was unveiled on the grounds of the parish "Santiago Apóstol de Ameca", his native birthplace, in January 2011.

Webgraphy. His photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(112) 24. BIAYENDA, Émile
(1927-1977)

Birth. 1927, in the small village of Mfinkabitoungou (which does not exist any longer), Maléla-Bombé, (Mpangala), near Vindza, district of Kindamba, in the region of Pool, apostolic vicariate of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo (also called Congo-Brazzaville). He was of the tradition kòongó. He was the third of the six children of Semo dia Mbomba, a small farmer, and Biyela bia Milongo; they were Milongo Martyr, Ngoma Jean-Baptiste, Biayenda Émile, Moubindou Joachim, Miékoumoutima Antoine, and Lozi Marie Françoise.

Education. Received his elementary education at the Catholic school in Mpangala, 1935-1937; (alphabet, writing, French, counting, reading and catechism); then, at Kindamba's Catholic Mission, from 1937 to 1942; he was baptized on May 7, 1938, by Father Morvan and received the name Émile, Guy Mayila was his godfather; he received his first communion on the following day, May 8; in 1943, he moved for further studies to Boundji's Catholic Mission, north Congo, where he stayed until 1944, when he entered the Minor Seminary of Saint Paul, Mbamou; from 1950 to 1958, he studied philosophy and theology in the Grand Seminary Libermann of Brazzaville. In October 1965, he was sent to the Catholic University of Lyon, France, where he obtained a doctorate in sociology; and a licentiate in theology in 1969.

Priesthood. Ordained, October 26, 1958, at the cathedral of Sacré Cœur, Brazzaville, by Michel-Jules-Joseph-Marie Bernard, C.S.Sp., archbishop of Brazzaville. He was named vicar of the parish of Sainte Marie of Ouenzé in August 1959; stayed there until 1962. He also took care of the construction of the Saint Jean de Vianney parish church in Mouléké between March 1962 and July 1965; subsequently he was named its curate. National chaplain of the Legion of Mary, 1962-1965; this Marian movement seemed dangerous to some politicians; he was placed under house arrest for a few months in 1965, together with Father Louis Badila and Father Robyr of the Holy Spirit Congregation; they were later acquitted and freed. Further studies in Lyon, 1965-1969. Returned to Brazzaville in May 1965 and was assigned as vicar at Saint-Esprit parish of Moungali. Named episcopal vicar for the coordination between the apostolic works and the archdiocesan commissions of Brazzaville, February 18, 1970.

Episcopate. Elected titular archbishop of Garba and appointed coadjutor of Brazzaville, with right of succession, March 7, 1970. Consecrated, May 17, 1970, Rome, by Sergio Pignedoli, titular archbishop of Iconio, secretary of the S.C. for the Evangelization of Peoples, assisted by Mario Tagliaferri, titular archbishop of Formia, apostolic delegate to the Republic of Congo, and by Guy-Marie-Joseph Riobé, bishop of Orléans. His episcopal motto was In verbo tuo laxabo rete. Succeeded to the metropolitan see of Brazzaville, June 14, 1971. President of the Episcopal Conference of Congo, 1971. Attended the Second Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971; the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Marco "in Agro Lauretino," March 5, 1973. He was the first cardinal from Congo. He returned to Brazzaville on the following May 9. The country's political situation was still under the influence of Marxism-Leninism. The Congolese government of the time, strongly influenced by this ideology, was experiencing some instability due to infighting in the party. This led, on March 18, 1977, to the assassination of the President of the Republic, Marien Ngouabi. On that day in the afternoon, Cardinal Biayenda had had talks with the President Ngouabi on issues relating to the Church of Congo. After the meeting, the cardinal returned home. A few hours later, the president was assassinated. On the evening of March 22, 1977, at 5 p.m., a Land Rover stopped in front of the residence of the cardinal. Two men got out and communicated to the cardinal that the Military Committee of the Party wanted to see him. Cardinal Biayenda boarded their vehicle, which would take him to the headquarters of the General Staff of the Army. While en route to the headquarters, a black car, a "504", at full speed, chased the Land Rover where the cardinal was and it flip-flopped. The men in the car spoke with the soldiers, their accomplices, and told them to take the direction of Mpila. Later that night, the authorities of the Military Committee of the Party announced to Father Louis Badila, vicar general of Brazzaville, the assassination of Cardinal Biayenda by those who had kidnapped him.

Death. Wednesday March 23, 1977, assassinated in Brazzaville, victim of tribal rivalries. The body was taken to the morgue and dressed with the appropriate ecclesiastical vestments. On Saturday March 26, the body of the cardinal was taken from the general hospital, where it had been kept, to the Sacré-Coeur metropolitan cathedral and dressed with the pontifical insignias. The late cardinal was exposed in the metropolitan cathedral of Brazzaville, where an immense multitude expressed their sorrow for the assassinated pastor. At 4 p.m. on that day, the Military Committee of the Party went to the cathedral to present its condolences. On Sunday March 27, the solemn requiem mass was presided by Cardinal Joseph Mlula, archbishop of Kinshasa, and concelebrated by Georges Singha, bishop of Fort Rousset; Godefrod Mpwati, bishop of Pointe-Noire; Moke Motsüri, titular bishop of Lestrona, auxiliary bishop of Kinshasa; Georges Benoit Gassongo, titular bishop of Cubda, former auxiliary bishop of Fort Rousset; Father Louis Badila, capitular vicar of Brazzaville, who pronounced the funeral oration, and more than one hundred priests. At the end of the mass, before the final absolution, several allocutions were delivered. Then the body of the cardinal was carried through the immense number of faithful that filled the cathedral and that intoned the chant Dila sambila. The late cardinal was buried in that metropolitan cathedral, next to his predecessor Archbishop Théphile Mbemba.

Beatification. The cause for canonization was opened at the behest of Pope John Paul II by the Congregation for the Causes of Saints on March 20, 1995. He was granted the title of Servant of God as a result of the opening. The diocesan process for the late cardinal's beatification lasted from October 21, 1996 to June 14, 2003. A historical commission was assigned to the cause and completed its work in 2014. The Congregation for the Causes of the Saints validated the diocesan process on May 29, 2015. The next step would be for him to be declared Venerable with the recognition of his heroic virtues.

Bibliography. Bado, François de Sales. Pèleringe au Congo Brazzaville : sur les traces du cardinal Émile Biayenda, un bon pasteur : témoignage. Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso : Découvertes du Burkina, 2009. Responsibility: Antoine Miekoumoutima; Mbemba-dya-bô-Benazo-Mbanzulu, Rudy. Le cardinal Emile Biayenda et sa vision du diveloppement intigral du Congo-Brazzaville : roman. Paris : Société des écrivains, 2008; Méditer et prier avec le cardinal Émile Biayenda. Edited by Adolphe Tsiakaka. Strasbourg : Éd. du Signe, Impr. Girold, 2006; M'Fouilou, Dominique. Ci-gît le cardinal achevé. Paris : MAKITEC/Éditions Paari, 2008; Miekoumoutima, Antoine. Cardinal Émile Biayenda, un bon pasteur. Limete, Kinshasa : Éditions l'Épiphanie, 1994. (Chemins de vie apostolique ; 10) ; Tsiakaka, Adolphe. Émile Biayenda, grandeur d'un humble. Strasbourg : Éditions du Signe, 1999; Zebrowski, Hervé. Les assassins du cardinal : terreur sur Brazzaville. Paris : Chercheur d'hommes, 2009.

Webgraphy. Photographs and biography, in French, archidiocèse de Brazzaville; biography by Christian Bouetoumoussa, in French, Congopage; photographs and biography by Eman Bonnici, in English, Find a Grave; his photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana; La vérité sur les assassins du Cardinal Congolais BIAYENDA EMILE, in French, congo-liberty; Hommage au Cardinal Emile Bayenda by Bernard Nkounkou, in French, Debout Congolais; Archdiocese of Brazzaville commemorates Cardinal Emile Biayenda abducted and murdered 27 years ago, Fides Service, Brazzaville, Wednesday, 24 March 2004; Congo – Vatican : Cardinal Émile Biayenda, ça sent la béatification by Bertrand Boukaka, Les Echos du Congo Brazzaville, 3 février 2017; Un “cammino” sulle orme di Emile Biayenda, L'Osservatore Romano, 05 agosto 2020; Congo : la tombe du cardinal Biayenda victime de profanation, Journal de Brazza.com, 27.12.2021 à 11h14.

(113) 25. MEDEIROS, Humberto Sousa
(1915-1983)

Birth. October 6, 1915, Arrifes, island of São Miguel, diocese of Angra, Azores Islands, Portugal. Son of Antonio Medeiros and Maria de Jesus Sousa Massa Flor. He was baptized in the parish of Nossa Senhora da Saúde, Arrifes on November 1, 1915. He emigrated to Massachusetts with his mother, his brothers Lionel and Manuel, and his sister Natalia, in 1931; their father had previously immigrated; in Fall River he took a job sweeping floors in a local textile mill for $6.20 a day, studying English in his spare time. After graduating from high school in Fall River, Humberto decided to enter the priesthood.

Education. Primary education under Professor Maria Aura de Sousa Calouro, Escola do Jardim or Escola de D. Leonor Afonso; high school, Fall River; later, he studied at The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. (doctorate in theology; dissertation: The De mysteriis and De sacramentis of St. Ambrose, 1952); and at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome.

Priesthood. Ordained, June 15, 1946, Fall River, by James Edwin Cassidy, bishop of Fall River. Pastoral ministry in the diocese of Fall River, and further studies, 1946-1952. Chancellor of the diocese of Fall River and vicar for religious, 1952-1966.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Brownsville, April 14, 1966. Consecrated, June 9, 1966, cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption, Fall River, by James Louis Connolly, bishop of Fall River, assisted by James Joseph Gerrard, titular bishop of Forma, auxiliary of Fall River, and by Gerald Vincent McDevitt, titular bishop of Tigias, auxiliary of Philadelphia. His episcopal motto was Adveniat regnum tuum. He often traveled with migrant farm workers and joined their battle for better wages. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Boston, September 8, 1970. He was the first non-Irish bishop of Boston in 124 years. He aligned himself with Boston's poor and assailed suburban Catholics for their failure to aid the inner city. He was a critic of the Viet Nam War.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received red biretta and title of S. Susanna, March 5, 1973. Special papal envoy to the celebration of the 60th anniversary of apparition of Our Lady, Fátima, Portugal, May 13, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul II.

Death. September 17, 1983, of coronary arrest at St. Elizabeth's Hospital at 7:46 a.m., after undergoing an emergency open heart surgery. The funeral Mass, presided by Archbishop Pio Laghi, nuncio to the United States of America, was celebrated at the Holy Cross cathedral of Boston, where lying in state also took place. Buried in his parents' plot, section 16, in Saint Patricks Cemetery, Fall River, Bristol County, Massachusetts (1). A monument in his honor was erected at his native hometown of Arrifes. The Cardinal Medeiros Trust fund was created in 1981 by the Texas Knights of Columbus State Council Charities, in his honor, to provide educational grants to families of Knights. Besides, Boston College named the freshman honors dormitory "Medeiros" in his honor. Known as a "servant of the poor", the Cardinal Medeiros Residence for the Retired in Fall River, Massachusetts, was named after him.

Bibliography. Bransom, Charles N. Ordinations of U. S. Catholic bishops 1970-1989. A chronological list. Washington, D.C. : National Conference of Catholic Bishops ; United States Catholic Conference, 1990, p. 149; Code, Bernard. American Bishops 1964-1970. St. Louis : Wexford Press, 1970, p. 11; Gribble, CSC, Father Richard. The Life of Cardinal Humberto Medeiros of Boston: Whatever God Wants. Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Boos, 2021; Medeiros, Humberto Sousa. Thy kingdom come: Pastoral reflections on Christmas and Easter seasons. Boston : St. Paul Editions, 1980.

Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in English, Wikipedia; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; his tomb by T.S. Custadio, Find a Grave; Funeral Mass of Humberto Cardinal Medeiros - September 23, 1983 - Holy Cross Cathedral, Boston, MA, YouTube; Humberto Cardinal Medeiros: Youth and Education 1915-1946 by Father Richard Gribble, CSC, The Boston Pilot, Friday, October 9, 2020; Cardinal Humberto Medeiros: Priesthood in Fall River 1946-1966 by Father Richard Gribble, CSC, The Boston Pilot, Friday, October 16, 2020; Cardinal Humberto Medeiros: The Brownsville years, 1966-1970 by Father Richard Gribble, CSC, The Boston Pilot, Friday, October 23, 2020; Cardinal Humberto Medeiros: The Boston years, 1970-1983 by Father Richard Gribble, CSC, The Boston Pilot, Friday, October 30, 2020; The 50th anniversary of Cardinal Medeiros's elevation by Joy Zanghi, The Boston Pilot, Friday 10th of March 2023, with audio.

(1) This is the text of the inscription on their tombstone, taken from Find a Grave, linked above:

ANTONIO S. MEDEIROS 1887 - 1950 MARIA HIS WIFE 1894 - 1963 AND THEIR SON HIS EMINENCE HUMBERTO CARDINAL MEDEIROS ARCHBISHOP OF BOSTON OCT. 6, 1915 - SPET. 17, 1983

(114) 26. ARNS, O.F.M., Paulo Evaristo
(1921-2016)

Birth. September 14, 1921, Forquilhinha, diocese of Tubarão, Brazil. Fifth of the 13 children of Gabriel Arns and Helena Steiner. His brothers and sisters were João Crisóstomo (priest), Osvaldo, Maria Gabriela (nun), Otília, Maria Helena (nun), Hilda (nun), Felippe, Max, Ida, Bertoldo, Zilda and Zélia.

Education. Joined the Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans); took the name Evaristo; professed, December 10, 1943. Franciscan houses of studies, Brazil; Faculty of Philosophy, Curitiba, 1941-1943; Franciscan Theological Institute, Petrópolis, 1944-1947; training periods: three in Germany, two in England, one in Holland, Belgium, United States of America and Canada, 1948-1950; University of La Sorbonne, Paris (licentiate in letters: Brazilian, Latin, Greek and Ancient History studies, 1950); doctorate in letters, très honorable, May 3, 1952; Thesis: "La technique du livre d' après Saint Jérome; secondary thesis: "Les Confessions de Saint Augustin dans l'oeuvre de Saint Bonaventure e Thesaurus linguæ latinæ"; Institut National de Recherche Pédagogique, 1950-1952; Institut des Hautes Etudes, Paris, 1950-1952 (ancient literature). Received the diaconate on November 29, 1944.

Priesthood. Ordained, November 30, 1945, Petrópolis, by José Pereira Alves, bishop of Niterói. Substitute professor, Ginásio de Rio Negro, 1946. Further studies, 1947-1953. Professor of French and classic letters, Seminary "Santo Antonio", Agudos, 1953-1955. Founder of the Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Bauru, 1954. Professor of French language and literature, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Bauru, 1954-1955. Professor and counselor of "Campanha de Aperfeiçoamento do Ensino Secundário" of the Ministry of Education and Culture, Juiz de Fora and Curitiba, 1955-1957. Professor of Christian literature and history of the ancient church, Theological Institute of Petrópolis, 1956. Master of clerics and prefect of studies of his order, Petrópolis, 1956-1966. Chaplain of the community "São José Operário", Itamarati, Petrópolis, 1956-1966. Professor of general didactics, Faculty of Philosophy of Petrópolis, 1958. Journalist (non-professional): registered in the 14th Reginal Delegation of Labor, Petrópolis, 1961-1966; and in São Paulo, 1966 to May 1976; journalist "militante": Associação Brasileira de Imprensa, named May 5, 1976 and invested on May 30, 1976, São Paulo. Elected vice-provincial of the Province "Imaculada Conceição" of the Friars Minor, January 12, 1961; occupied the post until 1966. Director of the monthly review for religious Sponsa Christi, and of the Franciscan publication center Vozes, Petrópolis. Member of the International Commission for the Reform of the Constitutions of the Friars Minor, Rome, 1976.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Respetta and appointed auxiliary of São Paulo, Brazil, May 2, 1966. Consecrated, July 3, 1966, Sacred Heart church, Forquilhinha, by Cardinal Agnelo Rossi, archbishop of São Paulo, assisted by Anselmo Pietrulla, bishop of Tubarão, and by Honorato Piazera, titular bishop of Castello Jabar. His episcopal motto was Ex spe in spem. Episcopal vicar of the North Region of the archdiocese of São Paulo, July 2, 1966 to October 22, 1970. Promoted to the metropolitan see of São Paulo, October 22, 1970. Grand chancellor of the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, November 1, 1970. Grand chancellor of the Theological Faculty "Nossa Senhora da Assunção", November 1, 1970.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Antonio da Padova a via Tuscolana, March 5, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the Third General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Puebla, México, January 27 to February 13, 1979; the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Second Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 23 to 26, 1982; the Sixth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 28, 1983; member of the general secretariat, 1983-1986; the Second Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24 to December 8, 1985, membership extended until 1987. Attended the Third Plenary Assembly of the College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 21 to 23, 1985; the Fourth General Conference of the Latin American Episcopate, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, October 12 to 28, 1992. Attended the Special Assembly for America of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 16 to December 12, 1997. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese, April 9, 1998; apostolic administrator, April 9 to May 23, 1998. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, September 14, 2001. He became cardinal protoprete on July 9, 2012, at the death of Cardinal Eugénio de Araújo Sales, archbishop emeritus of Sáo Sabastiáo do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On December 12, 2012, the Brazilian Federal Senate awarded him the Prize "Dom Helder Câmara" to honor his defense of human rights.

Death. December 14, 2016, at 11:45 a.m., in Hospital Santa Catarina, São Paulo. Pope Francis sent a telegram of condolence to Cardinal Odilo Pedro Scherer, archbishop of Sao Paulo (1). The funeral, presided by Cardinal Scherer, took place on December 16, 2016, at 3 p.m., in the metropolitan cathedral. Burial in the crypt of the cathedral followed (2). He was the last surviving cardinal of Pope Paul VI.

Bibliography. Arns, Paulo Evaristo. La tecnica del libro secondo san Girolamo. Traduzione e cura di Paolo Cherubini. Milano : Edizioni Biblioteca Francescana, 2005; Chapeau, O.S.B., André and Charles N. Bransom. "Franciscan bishops." Franciscan Studies, XLVIII (1988), 310; Paulo Evaristo Arns : cardeal de esperança e pastor da Igreja de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP : Edições Paulinas, 1989. (Série Teologia em diálogo).

Webgraphy. Photographs, videos, bibliography and biography, in Portuguese, arquidiocese de São Paulo; photograph and biography, in Italian, Sala Stampa della Santa Sede; photograph and biography, in English, Holy See Press Office; his arms, Araldica Vaticana; Brazilian Cardinal Arns, 95, remembered for his fight for human rights by Lise Alves, Catholic News Service, National Catholic Reporter, Dec. 14, 2016; Vescovo dei poveri. I novantacinque anni del cardinale Arns by Peter Kodwo Appiah Turkson, L'Osservatore Romano, 25 ottubre 2018; Há 100 anos nascia o cardeal que lutou contra a ditadura, terra.com, 14 set 2021 07h02.

(1) This is the text of the telegram of condolence sent by Pope Francis, taken from the Press Office of the Holy See:

Emmo e Revmo Dom Odilio Pedro Scherer Cardeal Arcebispo de Sâo Paulo Rua Alfredo Maia 195 Bairro da Luz 01106-010 Sâo Paulo (SP) RECEBIDA COM GRANDE PESAR NOTÍCIA DA MORTE DO VENERADO IRMÃO CARDEAL PAULO EVARISTO ARNS VENHO EXPRIMIR-LHE A SI E BISPOS AUXILIARES AO CLERO COMUNIDADES RELIGIOSAS E FIÉIS ARQUIDIOCESE DE SÃO PAULO BEM COMO À FAMÍLIA DO FALECIDO MEUS PÊSAMES PELO DESAPARECIMENTO DESSE INTRÉPIDO PASTOR QUE NO SEU MINISTÉRIO ECLESIAL SE REVELOU AUTÊNTICA TESTEMUNHA DO EVANGELHO NO MEIO DO SEU POVO A TODOS APONTANDO A SENDA DA VERDADE NA CARIDADE E DO SERVIÇO À COMUNIDADE EM PERMANENTE ATENÇÃO PELOS MAIS DESFAVORECIDOS. DOU GRAÇAS AO SENHOR POR TER DADO À IGREJA TÃO GENEROSO PASTOR E ELEVO FERVOROSAS PRECES PARA QUE DEUS ACOLHA NA SUA FELICIDADE ETERNA ESTE SEU SERVO BOM E FIEL ENQUANTO ENVIO A ESSA COMUNIDADE ARQUIDIOCESANA QUE CHORA PERDA DO SEU AMADO PASTOR E À IGREJA DO BRASIL QUE NELE TEVE UM SEGURO PONTO DE REFERÊNCIA E A QUANTOS PARTILHAM ESTA HORA DE TRISTEZA QUE ANUNCIA A RESSURREIÇÃO UMA CONFORTADORA BÊNÇÃO APOSTÓLICA

FRANCISCO PP.

Analogous telegram was sent by Cardinal Pietro Parolin, secretary of State.

(2) This is the text of the inscription on his vault, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

D.O.M. EX SPE IN SPEM HIC SITVS EST PAVLVS EVARISTVS CARD. ARNS O.F.M. DIGNITATIS HVMANAE EXIMIVS DEFENSOR. VT AD SVBVRBIVM HVIVS OPPIDI ET CORDA FIDELIVM EVANGELIVM PERVENISSET VIXIT. PAVPERES ET HVMILES ACCEPIT DILIGET PROTEXIT. ANNOS XXVIII ARCHDIOCESI SANCTI PAVLI PASTOR FVIT. A CLERO RELIGIOSIS DEIQVE PLEBE VALDE AMATVS EST. DIE XIV MENSIS DECEMBRIS A.D. MMXVI REQVIEVIT IN XTO POSTOVAM L ANNOS EPISCOPATVS LXXI ANNOS PRESBITARATVS XCV ANNOS VITAE SVAE ILLVSTRAVIT TENENS DOMINI CRUCEM SVAS INTER MANVS VITAM EDIDIT “SPES ILLORVM IMMORATALITATE PLENA EST” (Sap. III, 4)

(115) 27. FREEMAN, James Darcy
(1907-1991)

Birth. November 19, 1907, Sydney, Australia. Son of Robert Freeman, a tramway driver, and Margaret Smith. He had two sisters: Mary Doreen, who eventually became Sister Mary RSC., of the Religious Sisters of Charity and died in 2012; Joan, who died a spinster in 1973; and a brother, Robert, who lived in Strathfield, Sydney.

Education. Studied at St Columba's Seminary Springwood; and at St Patrick's Seminary, Manly, Sydney.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 13, 1940, Sydney, Bartolomeo Cattaneo, titular archbishop of Palmira, apostolic delegate to Australia. Successively, 1940-1956, pastoral ministry in the archdiocese of Sydney, director of the Catholic Information Bureau, official in the archdiocesan tribunal, and secretary to Cardinal Norman Thomas Gilroy, archbishop of Sydney. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, April 30, 1949.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Ermopoli minore and appointed auxiliary of Sydney, December 9, 1956. Consecrated, January 27, 1957, Sydney, by Cardinal Norman Thomas Gilroy, archbishop of Sydney, assisted by John Toohey, bishop of Maitland, and by James Patrick Carroll, titular bishop of Atenia, auxiliary of Sydney. His episcopal motto was Per isum ipsa duce. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Transferred to the see of Armidale, Australia, October 18, 1968. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Sydney, July 9, 1971. President of the Australian Episcopal Conference. Attended the Second Ordinary Assembly of Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to November 6, 1971.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria Regina della Pace, March 5, 1973. Attended the Fourth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 30 to October 29, 1977. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979; the Fifth Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 26 to October 25, 1980. Member of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, May 31, 1981. In October 1982, he was slightly injured when he was stabbed with a knife in the stomach by a mentally unstable man as he finished celebrating the anniversary Mass in memory of his predecessor, Cardinal Norman Thomas Gilroy, in the crypt of the cathedral of Sydney. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese of Sydney, February 12, 1983. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, November 19, 1987.

Death. March 16, 1991, of heart failure, at Saint Vincent Hospital, Sidney. He had spent his last years at Saint John Vianney Villa at Randwick, under the care of the Little Sisters of the Poor. Buried in the crypt of the metropolitan cathedral of Sydney (1). The Cardinal Freeman Retirement Village Nursing Home in Clissold street, Ashfield, New South Wales, Australia, is named after him.

Webgraphy. Photograph and biography, in English, archdiocese of Sydney; his arms and photograph, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the inscription on his vault, kidly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

JAMES DARCY CARDINAL FREEMAN SIXTH ARCHBISHOP OF SYDNEY BORN IN SYDNEY NOVEMBER 19, 1907 ORDAINED PRIEST MANLY JULY 13, 1930 CONSECRATED BISHOP SYDNEY JANUARY 27, 1957 APPOINTED BISHOP OF ARMIDALE OCTOBER 18, 1968 ARCHBISHOP OF SYDNEY JULY 7, 1971 CREATED CARDINAL MARCH 5, 1973 KNIGHT OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE JUNE 1977 DIED IN SYDNEY MARCH 16, 1991

(116) 28. JUBANY ARNAU, Narciso
(1913-1996)

Birth. August 12, 1913, Santa Coloma de Farnés, diocese of Gerona, Spain. From a working-class family. Eldest child of Francesc Jubany i Planes, worker in the cork industry, and Dolores Arnau Ametller (1886-1988), ironer. He moved to Barcelona in 1926. He is also listed as Narcìs Jubany i Arnau.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Barcelona; at the Seminary of Pontifical University of Comillas, where he obtained a doctorate in theology; and at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, where he earned a doctorate in canon law.

Priesthood. Ordained, July 30, 1939. Successively, 1939-1955, further studies; pastoral ministry in the diocese of Barcelona; faculty member of its seminary; official of the diocesan tribunal; and canon of the cathedral chapter.

Episcopate. Elected titular bishop of Ortosia di Fenicia and appointed auxiliary of Barcelona, November 24, 1955. Consecrated, January 22, 1956, cathedral of Barcelona, by Ildebrando Antoniutti, titular archbishop of Sinnada di Frigia, nuncio in Spain, assisted by Gregorio Modrego y Casáus, archbishop-bishop of Barcelona, and by José Bascuñana y López, bishop of Ciudad Rodrigo. His episcopal motto was Per veritas Evangelii permaneat. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Transferred to the diocese of Gerona, February 7, 1964. Promoted to the archiepiscopal see of Barcelona, December 3, 1971.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Lorenzo in Damaso, June 7, 1973. Attended the Third Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 27 to October 26, 1974. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Named member of the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See, May 31, 1981. Resigned the pastoral government of the archbishopric, March 23, 1990. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, August 12, 1993.

Death. December 26, 1996, in Barcelona. His funeral mass was celebrated at the cathedral of Barcelona, presided by Cardinal Ricardo María Carles Gordó of Barcelona. His remains were originally buried in the crypt of the cathedral, built in 1615 beneath the choir, which was restored during the episcopate of Cardinal Jubany after being severely damaged during the Second World War, until a definitive vault was finished in the Capilla de la Virgen de la Alegría, in that cathedral, in accordance to the cardinal's wishes (1).

Webgraphy. Biography by Vicente Cárcel Ortí, in Spanish, Diccionario Biográfico Español, DB~e; biography, in Spanish, Wikipedia; biography, in English, Wikipedia; his photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the inscription on his vault, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

NARCÌS JUBANY I ARNAU CARDENAL ARQUEBISBE DE BARCELONA (1913 - 1996)

(117) 29. VOLK, Hermann
(1903-1988)

Birth. December 27, 1903, Steinheim, diocese of Mainz, Germany. Son of Franz Volk, an upholsterer, and Catharina Josepha Kaiser. His older brother, Georg, was a renowned physician, homeopath and writer.

Education. Elementary studies in Steinheim; secondary, in Hanau; then, studied at the Seminary of Mainz (philosophy and theology for four years); at University of Münster; at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland, from 1935 until 1938; obtained a doctorate in philosophy; thesis: "Die Kreaturauffassung von Karl Barth"; doctorate in theology; thesis: "Emil Brun-ners Lehre von der ursprünglichen Gottesebenbildlichkeit des Menschen").

Priesthood. Ordained, April 2, 1927, Mainz, by Ludwig Maria Hugo, bishop of Mainz. Pastoral ministry in the diocese of Mainz: chaplain in Alzey, 1927-1931; chaplain in St. Ignaz, Mainz, 1932-1935. Further studies in Switzerland, 1935-1938. Assistant in the vicariate of St. Paul in Offenbach und St. Rufus in Gau-Odernheim, 1940-1941. Vicar in Nidda, 1941-1942; pastor, 1942-1945. Obtained the habilitation in dogmatic theology in University of Münster in 1943 (Habilitationsschrift: "Emil Brunners Lehre von dem Sünder"). Assistant professor of theology at the University of Münster, 1945-1946; professor, 1946-1962; rector of the university, 1954-1955. Domestic prelate of His Holiness, February 25, 1962. Elected bishop of Mainz by the cathedral chapter, March 3, 1962.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Mainz, March 25, 1962. Consecrated, June 5, 1962, cathedral of Mainz, by Hermann Schaufele, archbishop of Freiburg im Breisgau, assisted by Karl Leiprecht, bishop of Rottenburg, and by Joseph Reuss, titular bishop of Sinope, auxiliary of Mainz. His episcopal motto was Deus omnia in omnibus. Attended the Second Vatican Council, 1962-1965. Attended the First Ordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, September 29 to October 29, 1967.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of Ss. Fabiano e Venanzio a Villa Fiorelli, March 5, 1973. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26,1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in conclave of October 14 to 16,1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Attended the First Plenary Assembly of the Sacred College of Cardinals, Vatican City, November 5 to 9, 1979. Resigned the government of the diocese, December 27, 1982. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned eighty years of age, December 27, 1983. Attended the Second Extraordinary Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, Vatican City, November 24 to December 8, 1985; as special guest.

Death. July 1, 1988, after a long illness, in Mainz. Buried in the crypt of St. Martin's cathedral, Mainz (1).

Bibliography. Baron, Ruth. Hermann Kardinal Volk : 20 Jahre Bischof von Mainz. 4e Aufl. Mainz : Krach, 1983; Cicholaz, Roger Krzysztof. Glauben und Leben : die Theologie des geistlichen Lebens bei Hermann Kardinal Volk. Berlin Münster Lit, 2007; Dissertation: Thesis (doctoral) -- Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule St. Georgen, Frankfurt am Main, 2006. (Theologie der Spiritualität / Beiträge; Bd. 11; Variation: Theologie der Spiritualität ; Bd. 11); Hilger, Peter. Kreatürlichkeit : Hermann Kardinal Volk als Theologe. Sonderdr. Mainz : Öffentlichkeitsarbeit des Bistums, 1990; Jungnitz, Ingobert. Hermann Kardinal Volk zum Gedenken. Mainz : Abteilung Öffentlichkeitsarbeit, Bischöfliches Ordinariat Mainz, 1988. (Aktuelle Information ; 50; Variation: Aktuelle Information (Mainz) ; 50); Jürgensmeier, Friedhelm. "Volk, Hermann (1903-1988)." Die Bischöfe der deutschsprachigen Länder, 1945 2001 : ein biographisches Lexikon. Unter Mitwirkung von Franz Xaver Bischof ... [et al.] ; herausgegeben von Erwin Gatz. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2002, pp. 359-361; Lehmann, Karl ; Reifenberg, Peter. Zeuge des Wortes Gottes - Hermann Kardinal Volk. Mainz : Matthias Grünewald Verlag, 2004. Conference proceedings. Memorial volume.

Webgraphy. His photograph and biography, in English, Wikipedia; his photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) This is the text of the memorial tablet on the eastern wall, in the western bishops' crypt of the cathedral, provided by an electronic message from Mr. Mark West, London:

HERMANN KARDINAL VOLK DR PHIL DR THEOL gebornen an 27 Dezember 1903 in Steinheim am Main gestorben am 1 Julii 1988 in Mainz zum Priester gewelh am 2 April 1927 Bischof um Mainz vom 5 Junii 1962 bis 27 Dezember 1982 zum Kardinal ernamt am 5 Marz 1973

(118) 30. TAOFINU'U, S.M., Pio
(1923-2006)

Birth. December 8 (1), 1923, Falealupo, apostolic vicariate of Archipelago of Navigators (2), Samoan Archipelago. Of indigenous parents. Son of Solomon Taofinu'u and Josefina Mau. He was the first Polynesian bishop and cardinal.

Education. Studied at the Seminary of Apia; at the Seminary of Lano, Island of Wallis. Joined the Society of Mary, 1960; at the Marist Scholasticate, Greenmeadows, New Zealand; completed his formation at the Marist Novitiate, New York, United States of America.

Priesthood. Ordained, December 8, 1954, Apia, by John Baptist Dieter, S.M., titular bishop of Ierafi and vicar apostolic of Navigators' Archipelago. Pastoral ministry in the apostolic vicariate of Archipelago of Navigators, later Islands of Samoa and Tokelau, 1954-1964. Vicar general of the apostolic vicariate of the Islands of Samoa and Tokelau, 1964-1966; vicar general of the diocese of Apia, 1966-1967; vicar capitular, 1967-1968.

Episcopate. Elected bishop of Apia, January 11, 1968. Consecrated, May 29, 1968, Apia, by George Hamilton Pearce, S.M., archbishop of Suva, assisted by John Hubert Macey Rodgers, S. M., bishop of Tonga, and by Brian Patrick Ashby, bishop of Christchurch. His episcopal motto was Tuu tuu i le loloto.

Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 5, 1973; received the red biretta and the title of S. Onofrio, March 5, 1973. See changed name to Apia or Samoa and Tokelau, August 10, 1974; and to Samoa and Tokelau, December 3, 1975. Participated in the conclave of August 25 to 26, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul I. Participated in the conclave of October 14 to 18, 1978, which elected Pope John Paul II. Promoted to the metropolitan see of Samoa-Apia and Tokelau, when the see was elevated to that rank, and named apostolic administrator sede vacante et ad nutum Sanctae Sedis of Samoa-Pago Pago and ecclesiastical superior of the mission sui iuris of Funafutina, Tuvalu, September 10, 1982. Resigned the post of superior, September 1985. Special papal envoy to the celebrations in honor of St. Peter Claver, patron saint of Oceania, commemorating the 150th anniversary of the evangelization in Wallis and Futuna archipelago, Wallis, Polynesia, June 12-18, 1988. The see was renamed Samoa-Apia, June 26, 1992. Attended the Special Assembly of the Synod of Bishops for Oceania, Vatican City, November 22 to December 12, 1998; president delegate. Resigned the pastoral government of the archdiocese, November 16, 2002. Lost the right to participate in the conclave when turned 80 years old, December 8, 2003. He was largely responsible for the inculturation of the celebration of the mass incorporating traditions such as the presentation of sua, the ifoga and presentation of ulas during eucharist celebrations. He was also very effective in talking to young men and women about taking up religious vocations.

Death. January 19, 2006, Apia. He had had heart trouble and a long history of diabetes and had been ill for several years. The cardinal's death was announced during a session of Parliament in Samoa, while in neighboring American Samoa a moment of silence was observed in the Senate of the U.S. territory. American Samoa Governor Togiola Tulafono said he was deeply saddened by the death. After learning the news of the death of the cardinal, Pope Benedict XVI sent Alapati Lui Mata’eliga, archbishop of Samoa-Apia, a telegram of condolence (3). The funeral took place on January 28, 2006, in Apia; it was attended by local and regional representatives, including the president of the Pacific Bishops Conference of Churches, Bishop Anthony Apuron of Guam; Bishop John Quinn Weitzel, from the neighboring archdiocese of Pago Pago, led his people from American Samoa at the funeral service. He was buried at a side-wing in the metropolitan cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, in Mulivai village, Apia, making him the first Samoan Catholic leader to be buried there (4).

Bibliography. Code, Bernard. American Bishops 1964-1970. St. Louis : Wexford Press, 1970, p. 20.

Webgraphy. His photograph and arms, Araldica Vaticana.

(1) From 1969 until 1998, Annuario Pontificio (Vatican City : Libreria Editrice Vaticana), listed his date of birth as December 9, 1923.
(2) The apostolic vicariate of Arcipelago dei Navigatori, established on August 20, 1850, became the apostolic vicariate of the Islands of Samoa and Tokelau on January 4, 1957; the name was changed to Apia on June 21, 1966 when it became a diocese.
(3) This is the text of the telegram, taken from the Press Office of the Holy See:

To My Brother His Excellency Alapati Lui Mata’eliga Archbishop of Samoa-Apia HAVING LEARNED WITH SORROW OF THE DEATH OF CARDINAL PIO TAOFINU’U, SM, I OFFER HEARTFELT CONDOLENCES TO YOU AND ALL THE CLERGY, RELIGIOUS AND LAITY OF THE ARCHDIOCESE OF SAMOA-APIA, TOGETHER WITH THE MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY OF MARY. I ALSO EXTEND MY SYMPATHY TO THE CIVIC AUTHORITIES OF THE REGION AND INDEED ALL THE PEOPLES OF THE PACIFIC, FOR WHOM THE LATE CARDINAL HAS BEEN A TOWERING FIGURE OF UNWAVERING COMMITMENT TO THE TRUTH AND LOVE OF THE GOSPEL OF JESUS CHRIST. AT THIS TIME OF DEEP MOURNING I JOIN WITH YOU IN PRAYING THAT, THROUGH THE INTERCESSION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY, GOD OUR MERCIFUL FATHER WILL GRANT HIM THE REWARD OF HIS LABOURS AND WELCOME HIS NOBLE SOUL INTO THE JOY AND PEACE OF HEAVEN. TO ALL ASSEMBLED FOR THE SOLEMN MASS OF CHRISTIAN BURIAL I CORDIALLY IMPART MY APOSTOLIC BLESSING AS A PLEDGE OF CONSOLATION AND STRENGTH IN THE LORD.

BENEDICTUS PP. XVI

(4) This is the text of the inscription on his vault, kindly provided by Mr. Eman Bonnici, from Malta:

IN LOVING MEMORY OF His Eminence Cardinal Pius Taofinu'u S.M , D.D. 1923 - 2006

Born: 8th December 1923 Priestly Ordination: 8th December 1954 First Polynesian Bishop Episcopal Ordination: May 29th 1968 First Polynesian Cardinal Elevated to the Cardinalate and Prince of the Catholic Church 5th March 1973 Death: 19th January 2006

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