multigammaln — SciPy v1.15.2 Manual (original) (raw)

scipy.special.

scipy.special.multigammaln(a, d)[source]#

Returns the log of multivariate gamma, also sometimes called the generalized gamma.

Parameters:

andarray

The multivariate gamma is computed for each item of a.

dint

The dimension of the space of integration.

Returns:

resndarray

The values of the log multivariate gamma at the given points a.

Notes

The formal definition of the multivariate gamma of dimension d for a real_a_ is

\[\Gamma_d(a) = \int_{A>0} e^{-tr(A)} |A|^{a - (d+1)/2} dA\]

with the condition \(a > (d-1)/2\), and \(A > 0\) being the set of all the positive definite matrices of dimension d. Note that a is a scalar: the integrand only is multivariate, the argument is not (the function is defined over a subset of the real set).

This can be proven to be equal to the much friendlier equation

\[\Gamma_d(a) = \pi^{d(d-1)/4} \prod_{i=1}^{d} \Gamma(a - (i-1)/2).\]

References

R. J. Muirhead, Aspects of multivariate statistical theory (Wiley Series in probability and mathematical statistics).

Examples

import numpy as np from scipy.special import multigammaln, gammaln a = 23.5 d = 10 multigammaln(a, d) 454.1488605074416

Verify that the result agrees with the logarithm of the equation shown above:

d*(d-1)/4np.log(np.pi) + gammaln(a - 0.5np.arange(0, d)).sum() 454.1488605074416