Apollo Glossary (original) (raw)
This Apollo Glossary compiled by Garry Kennedy.
Astronaut switch details provided by Thomas Schwagmeier.
Last revised 25 October 2016.
Reference to the About Space website may also be fruitful.
A
One of four Omni Directional Control Antennas, known as Omni Alpha
ACA
Attitude Control Assembly
ACQ
Acquisition
AELD
Ascent Engine Latching Device
AGC (1)
Apollo Guidance Computer
AGC (2)
Automatic Gain Control, which is part of the TV system flown on Apollos 15-17, see Ground Controlled Television Assembly Manual. An AGC output meter is located on the LCRU.
AGS
Abort Guidance System
ALHT
Apollo Lunar Hand Tools
ALM
Alarm
ALSCC
Apollo Lunar Surface Close-Up Camera, also known as the Gold Camera after its developer, astronomer Tommy Gold
ALSD
Apollo Lunar Surface Drill; flown on Apollo 15, 16, and 17
ALSE
Apollo Lunar Sounder Experiment
ALSEP
Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package; collection of experiments flown to the lunar surface by Apollo 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17; see ASE, CCG, CPLEE, HFE, LACE, LDD, LSG, LSM, LSP, PSE, SIDE, and SWS
ALSRC
Apollo Lunar Sample Return Container
ALT
Altimeter
ALIGN
Alignment or Altitude or Alternate
AM
Ammeter or Amplitude Modulation
AMP
Ampere or Amplifier
AMP-HR
Ampere Hour
ANNUN-NUM
Annunciator/Numerics
ANT
Antenna
AOS
Acquisition Of Signal or Acquisition Of Site
AOT
Alignment Optical Telescope, which is basically just a sighting scope, with no magnification and a 60-degree field-of-view. The AOT is ceiling-mounted above the forward instrument panels and can be seen in Apollo 12 training photoKSC-69PC-0594. There are six fixed viewing directions (the "detents"). The astronauts looked through the AOT and, using two sets of marks called the spiral and cursor, measured star locations so that the computer can determine LM orientation. A discussion of theAOT has been assembled by Journal Contributor Adam Bootle.
AP
Alpha Particle (spectrometer)
APS
Auxiliary Propulsion System (S-IVB) or Ascent Propulsion System (LM)
AR
Relay Mode, Communications Mode of the Space Suit Communicator
ARIA
Apollo Range Instrumentation Aircraft
ARM
Armed
ARS
Atmosphere Revitalization System
ASA
Abort Sensor Assembly
ASAP
As Soon As Possible
ASC
Ascent
ASE
Active Seismic Experiment; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 14 and 16
ASP
Apollo Simple Penetrometer; flown on Apollo 14
ASR
Area Surveillance Radar
ASSY
Assembly
Astronaut Switches
These switches were located at bottom of the ALSEP Central Station at the back.
For Apollo 12 and 15, there were three switches
- ASTRO SW #1
- - initial position is CCW (orange crescent to right)
- - to be rotated 180° CW
- - it bypasseses the HOLD-OFF circuit and must be operated by the astronaut
- ASTRO SW #2 (backup)
- - initial position is CCW (orange crescent to right)
- - to be rotated 180° CW by the astronaut only if the ground is unable to command XMTR A "ON"
- - switches the XMTR B "ON", DATA PROCESSOR Y "ON", and resets the RCVR circuit breaker
- ASTRO SW #3 (backup)
- - initial position is CCW (orange flag to upper right)
- - to be rotated 270° CCW (orange flag to upper left) by the astronaut only if the ground is unable to command the Experiments "ON"
- - it sequentially activates the experiments in 1, 2, 4, 3 order to OPER SELECT
For Apollo 14 and 16 there were five switches.
- ASTRO SW #1, #2, and #3 are the same as for A12/A15; the two additional switches are for the ASE.
- ASTRO SW #4 (backup)
- - initial position is CCW (orange crescent to right)
- - to be rotated 180°ree; CW by the astronaut only if the ground is unable to command the ASE "ON" and/or high bit rate (HBR) "ON"
- - activates ASE OPER SELECT and switches DATA PROCESSOR to ASE HBR ON
- ASTRO SW #5
- - initial position is CW (unpainted crescent to left)
- - to be rotated 180° CCW (cover all four trinagular shapes)
- - it must be CCW to operate the ASE, activates ASE STBY SELECT, switches DATA PROCESSOR to ASE HBR OFF (return to normal bit rate (NBR)), switched to interrupt ASE 29V OPER PWR line; safety feature
For Apollo 17, there were two switches.
- ASTRO SW #1 (backup)
- - Spring-loaded to the CCW position
- - if ALSEP fails to start up normally, upon request the astronaut rotates SW #1 CW and back CCW
- - applies power to redundant Power Conditioning Unit (PCU 2)
- ASTRO SW #2
- - LSPE safety switch
- - CW rotation enables LSPE +29V-DC operational power line, CCW rotation inhibits the LSPE
ATCA
Attitude & Translation Control Assembly
ATT
Attitude
AUTO
Automatic
AUX
Auxiliary
AVAIL
Available
A computer program for dealing with gravitational acceleration that permits an accurate trajectory calculation.
AZ
Azimuth
B
One of Four Omni Directional Control Antennas, known as Omni Bravo
BAT or BATT
Battery
BB
A BB is a shot pellet 0.175 inch ( 0.44 cm) in diameter, usually used in an air rifle.
BCN
Beacon
BEF
Blunt End Forward
BIP
Bipropellant
BMAG
Body-Mounted Attitude Gyro
BP
Barber Pole
BPS
Bits Per Second or Bits Per Sample
BRA
Bag Restraint Assembly. "BRA" is probably an after-the-fact, made-up acronym. It was a mesh bag with two compartments that was used to keep the helmets out of the way during in-cabin operations. The name undoubtedly comes from its resemblance to a brassiere.
BSLSS
Buddy Secondary Life-Support System, a set of hoses and connectors which allowed the astronauts to share cooling water in the event that one of the PLSSs failed
BTH
Both
BTU
British Thermal Unit
BUSS
Biomedical Urine Sampling System
C
One of Four Omni Directional Control Antennas, known as Omni Charlie
CAB
Cabin
CAL
Calibrate or Calibration
CALC
Calculate or Calculated
CAPCOM
Spacecraft Communicator
CB
Circuit Breaker
C-BND
C-Band
CBL
Cable
CC
Contact Closure
CCFF or C Squared-F Squared
Crew Compartment Fit and Function
CCIG
Cold Cathode Ion Gauge experiment; was part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 12, 14, and 15
CDR
Commander
CDH
Constant Delta Height
CDU
Coupling Data Unit
CES
Control Electronics Section; controls LM attitude and translation about all three axis
CG
Center of Gravity
CHAR
Character
CIR
Circuit or Circuit Breaker
CIRC
Circularization
CL
Close
CLSD
Closed
CM
Command Module
CMC
Command Module Computer
CMD
Command
CMDED
Commanded
CMP
Command Module Pilot
CNTL
Control
CO2
Carbon Dioxide
COAS
Crewman Optical Alignment Sight. Discussion.
COMM
Communications
COMP
Compare or Component
COND
Condition, Conditioning or Conditioner
Config
Configuration
CONT
Continue
COOL
Coolant
CP
Command Pilot or Control Point
CPLEE
Charged Particle Lunar Environment Experiment; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 14
CPS
Cycles Per Second
CRD
Cosmic Ray Detector; flown on Apollo 16 and 17
Cross-pointer or X-Pointer
Article. See, also, the Apollo 15 discussion following104:41:54.
CRSFD
Crossfeed
CRT
Cathode-Ray-Tube
CRYO
Cryogenic
CSC
Close-up Stereo Camera or Contingency Sample Collection
CSI
Coelliptic Sequence Initiation
CSM
Command and Service Module
CSQ
Call sign of NASA tracking ship Coastal Sentry Quebec which according to the authors of On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini ( Appendix F ) was "originally a C1-M-AVI class freighter, considerably modified as tracking ship."
CSRC
Contingency Sample Return Container
CTG
Cartridge
CTV
Color Television
CUR
Current
CWEA
Caution and Warning Electronics Assembly
CWG
Constant Wear Garment, the Long-Johns
D
Downward Thrusting RCS Engine or One of Four Omni Directional Control Antennas, known as Omni Delta
DAC
Digital to Analog Converter or Data Acquisition Camera
DAP
Digital Autopilot
DB
Decibel
DC
Direct Current
DCA
Digital Command Assembly
DECA
Descent Engine Control Assembly
DECR
Decrease
DEDA
Data Entry and Display Assembly
DEG
Degree
Delta H
Height Difference
Delta P
Pressure Difference
Delta T
Time Difference
Delta V
Change in Velocity
DESC
Descent
DET
Detent or Detector or Digital Event Timer
DF
Direction Finding
DFI
Development Flight Instrumentation
DIFF
Difference or Differential
DIG
Digital
DIR
Direct
DISCH
Discharge
DISP
Display
DIV
Diverter
Dixie Cup
This nickname refers to the cup-shaped, individual sample bags that were used on Apollo 12, 14, and 17. The nickname derives from a brand of wax-coated, paper drinking cups which, like such brands as Kleenex and Xerox, became a generic name because of widespread popularity. The following is a brief history. The first disposable, individual drinking cups were developed by Lawrence Luellen in 1907-8 and, in the next decade, gained market acceptance due to increasing concerns about disease spread by use of common-use dippers and glasses. The company was later headed by Hugh Moore and, in 1919, the cup, which had been known as the Health Cup, acquired the Dixie Cup brand-name and national prominence as a result of the Influenza Epidemic that struck after World War I.
DLAY
Delay
DOI
Descent Orbit Insertion
DPLY
Deploy or Deployed
DPS
Descent Propulsion System
DR
Dead Reckoning or Descent Rate
DRT
Dome Removal Tool. Used to remove the dome from a plutonium fuel cask mounted on the side of the LM next to the Scientific Equipment Bay (SEB). Removal of the dome gives access to the plutonium fuel element used to power the RTG (Radio-isotope Thermo-electric Generator). The fuel element is removed from the cask with the Fuel Transfer Tool (FTT). On the lefthand side of the illustrationAl Bean is shown with the Apollo 12 DRT attached to the cask dome.
DSE
Data Storage Equipment
DSEA
Data Storage Electronics Assembly
DSKY
Display and Keyboard Assembly (LM photo and diagram)
DSN
Deep Space Network
EASEP
Early Apollo Surface Experiment Package; collection of experiments flown on Apollo 11; see ASE and LRRR
ECA
Electrical Control Assembly
ECOM
Electronics Communications
ECS
Environmental Control System
ED
EDS
Emergency Detection System
E-DUMP
Erasable-Memory Download from Spacecraft; also known as E-MOD
ELS
Earth Landing System
EMI
Electromagnetic Interference
E-MOD
Erasable-Memory Download from Spacecraft; also known as E-DUMP
EMU
Extravehicular Mobility Unit; Space Suit and Backpack combination
EPS
Electrical Power System
ETB
Equipment Transfer Bag. Apollo 11 training photo S69-31080 showing the ETB attached to the near side of the MESA.
EV
Extravehicular
EVA
Extravehicular Activity
EVCS
Extravehicular Communications Systems
F
Fahrenheit or Forward Thrusting RCS Engine
FAIL
Failure
FAM
Familiarization
Flight Director Attitude Indicator
FDO or FIDO
Flight Dynamics Officer
Fiducial
The various Hasselblad cameras had a plate next to the film that superimposed references marks (reseau crosses) on the film. In the text, the location of an object in an image is sometimes indicated by reference to the reseau crosses=fiducials. Details linked here.
Filling a Square
Charlie Duke provided the following explanation at 148:06:03 Duke - "Well, in the military, you have a set of requirements you've got to do to, like, stay current in an airplane. You need so many landings, you need so many approaches, you need so many whatevers. So they have a matrix, you know; and across the top you have columns and the horizontal axis it might be the dates or something like that. And when you get one, you filled the square; you'd make a check mark and that was called 'filling the square'."
FITH
Fire In The Hole
FL
Flag
FM
Frequency Modulation
FP
Flight Progress
FRAG
Fragment
Fremantle
Port city in Western Australia at the mouth of the Swan River estuary; about 15 kilometers from the Western Australia capital, Perth, which is also on the Swan.
FREQ
Frequency
FTT
Fuel Transfer Tool. Used to extract the plutonium fuel from the cask mounted on the side of the LM next to the Scientific Equipment Bay (SEB) and then to load the fuel element into the RTG (Radio-isotope Thermo-electric Generator). On the lefthand side of the illustrationFred Haise is shown attaching a training version of the DRT attached to the a mock-up fuel element.
FUS
Far-Ultraviolet Spectrometer
FWD
Forward
GASC
Gas Analysis Sample Container
GASTA
Gimbal Angle Sequencing Transformation Assembly
G&C
Guidance and Control
GCA
Ground Controlled Approach
GCTA
Ground-Command Television Assembly
GDA
Gimbal Drive Actuator
GDC
Gyro Display Coupler
GDO
Guidance Dynamics Officer
GET
Ground-Elapsed Time
GETI
Ground-Elapsed Time of Ignition
GLY
Glycol
GMBL
Gimbal
G&N
Guidance and Navigation
GNCS
Guidance, Navigation and Control System
GND
Ground
Gnomon
Tool consists of a weighted staff suspended on a two-ring gimbal and supported by a tripod. The staff extends 12 inches above the gimbal and is painted with a gray scale. The gnomon is used as a photographic reference to indicate local vertical, sun angle, and scale
GOX
Gaseous Oxygen
GROVER
Geological Rover; an alternate name for the 1-g training version of the Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV)
GUID
Guidance
H
Height (altitude)
Handover
"'Handover' basically means handover from one ground station to another of 'uplink' voice, command and ranging. 'Downlink' signals can be taken from any station in view and configured, regardless of uplink. And, of course, telemetry, voice, and TV could all be selected from different sites. Also bear in mind that there could be three uplinks - CSM, LM and EASEP/ALSEP. The 9m stations (CRO, HAW, GWM on this longitude) were generally used for the EASEP/ALSEP support." (Mike Dinn, Deputy Director of the Honeysuckle Tracking Station during Apollo)
HBLAD
Hasselblad Camera
HBR
High Bit Rate
HCEX
Highspeed Color Ektachrome Film
H-Dot
Time derivative of height (H); Descent Rate or Ascent Rate. In mathematical notation, the time (t) derivative of height (H) can be written as dH/dt or as Ḣ
HE
Helium
HEDC
Hasselblad Electric (Electronic?) Data Camera
HFE
Heat Flow Experiment or Heat Flow Electronics; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 15, 16, and 17
HGA
High Gain Antenna
H/H
Altitude or Altitude Rate
HI
High
HL
High Level
HLD
Hold
H2O
Water
HSD
High-Speed Data
HTC
Hand-Tool Carrier
HV
High Voltage
HVR
Hover
H/X
Heat Exchanger
IAU
International Astronomical Union
ICS
Intercommunications System
ID
Identification
IFR
Instrument Flight Rules
IG
Inner Gimbal
IGA
Inner Gimbal Angle
IGN
Ignition
ILS
Instrument Landing System
IMU
Inertial Measurement Unit
IN
Inlet
INCO
Instrumentation and Communications Officer
INCR
Increase
INJ
Injector
INST
Instrumentation
INTEG
Integrity
INVTR
Inverter
IP
Initial Point
IPI
Integrated Position Indicator
IRIG
Inertial Rate Integrating Gyro
ISA
Interim Stowage Assembly. As indicated in the diagram, the ISA is a set of stowage bags on a framework that fits over the Commander's PLSS when the latter is mounted on the wall behind the CDR's left shoulder. An ISA can be seen on the left at Neil Armstrong's back in Apollo 11 training photoKSC-69PC-319. When the PLSS is in use, the ISA is put somewhere out of the way and, for the return to lunar orbit, it is attached to the aft bulkhead. Journal Contributor David Woods notes that after rendezvous with the Command Module, the ISA is transferred over, probably without the framework, for return to Earth.
ISOL
Isolation
ISR
Infrared Scanning Radiometer
ISS
Inertial Sensor System or Interim Stowage Shelf
IU
Instrument Unit
IV
Intravehicular
IVA
Intravehicular Activity
JETT
Jettison
JD
Jet Driver
JPL
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
K-bird
KC-135 aircraft
K factor
Ground elapsed time is defined as the time difference between current Greenwich Mean Time and Greenwich Mean Time of Apollo liftoff from the Earth. Because of the AGS computer word size, Ground Elapsed Time cannot be used for AGS time. Instead, a time bias (K-factor) is subtracted from Ground Elapsed Time and the resulting time used as AGS time. The bias used equals the Ground Elapsed Time when the AGS computer time is initialized at AGS time zero. (Section 9.1 in LM/AGS Operating Manual, Flight Program 6, 36Mb)
KEY REL
Key Release. Frank O'Brien writes, "There is both a key, and a light on the DSKY for the Key Release function. As the AGC is a multiprogrammed computer, just like your PC/Mac/Linux/whatever, there are times when one program wants to get your attention while you are working with another program (ex: you are listening to music, and your appointment calendar program needs to alert you to a meeting starting in five minutes). The program, recognizing that another program has control of the DSKY, will flash the "KEY REL" light, asking the astronaut to allow the program access to the display. Pressing the "KEY REL" key transfers control to the program requesting attention.
KSC
Kennedy Space Center
L&A
Landing and Ascent facility; which consisted of a site model mounted upside down over a moveable TV camera. The TV picture was then fed to displays in the windows of the LM simulator.
LACE
Lunar Atmospheric Composition Experiment; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 17
LAD
Lunar Atmosphere Detector
LAM
Landing Area Map (???)
LAT
Latitude or Lateral
LBR
Low Bit Rate
LCG
Liquid-Cooled Garment
LCRU
Lunar Communications Relay Unit
LDD
Lunar Dust Detector; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 12, 14, and 15
LDG
Landing
LEAM
Lunar Ejecta And Meteorite (experiment); part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 17
LEB
Lower Equipment Bay
LEC
Lunar Equipment Conveyor -drawing courtesy of Karl Dodenhoff. The LEC attachment point in the cabin overhead is the yellow bar in Apollo 15 photo S71-40773, courtesy Gary Kitmacher, John Duncan, and Gary Neff.
LEVA
Lunar Extravehicular Visor Assembly; a polycarbonate shell and two visors with thermal control and optical coatings on them. Details and diagrams are linked here.
LGC
Lunar Module Guidance Computer
LHSSC
Left-Hand Side Stowage Compartment
LIM
Limit or Limits
LiOH
Lithium Hydroxide
LLTV
Lunar Landing Training Vehicle. See the discussion at 113:43:49 in the Apollo 17 Journal. John Osborn has provided an extensive set of photographs of the one LLTV that survived to the end of the Apollo program.
LM
Lunar Module
LMP
LM Mission Programmer or Lunar Module Pilot
LMS
Lunar Mass Spectrometer or Lunar Module Simulator
LNP
Lunar Neutron Probe (experiment); flown on Apollo 17
LO
Low
LOI
Lunar Orbit Insertion
LONG
Longitude
LOPC
Lunar Orbit Plane Change
LOS
Loss Of Signal or Loss Of Site
LPD
Landing Point Designator. The Commander can look through a set of scribe marks on his window and the LPD angle, which LMP gives him from the PGNS, will tell him where to look along the vertical scale to find the place where the computer thinks they are going to land. If the CDR doesn't like the spot, he can move his handcontroller to tell the computer that he wants to change the landing spot up or back or to either side. A single movement of the handcontroller, which moves the landing point by a half degree or so, is usually referred to by the astronauts as a "click". Journal Contributor Randy Attwood has provided views of the scribe marks from theinterior of LM-9 and from theexterior. Note that there are scribe marks on both the innermost window surface and on the outermost. The CDR positions himself so that the two sets of marks are lined up.]
LPI
Lunar and Planetary Institute
LPM
Lunar Portable Magnetometer; flown on Apollo 14 and 16
LR
Landing Radar
LRL
Lunar Receiving Laboratory
LRRR, LR Cubed, or LR3
Lunar Ranging Retro-Reflector; flown on Apollo 11, 14, and 15. Further information can be found at the McDonald Observatory Website http://almagest.as.utexas.edu/\~rlr/mlrs.html
LRV
Lunar Roving Vehicle; flown on Apollo 15, 16, and 17
LSB
Least Significant Bit
LSCRE
Lunar Surface Cosmic Ray Experiment
LSG
Lunar Surface Gravimeter; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 17
LSM
Lunar Surface Magnetometer; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 12, 15, and 16
LSPE
Lunar Seismic Profiling Experiment; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 17
LSUC
Lunar Surface Ultraviolet Camera; flown on Apollo 16
LTC
Lunar Topographic Camera
LTG
Lunar Traverse Gravimeter (experiment); flown on Apollo 17
LV
Low Voltage
LVL
Level
MA
Master Alarm
Mafic Minerals
Mafic minerals are rich in magnesium and iron and are usually dark colored.
MAG
Magazine
MAL
Malfunction
MAN
Manual or Manifold
MAP
Message Acceptance Pulse
MAX
Maximum
MCC
Mission Control Center or MidCourse Correction
MCCH
Mission Control Center Houston
MDC
Main Display Console (CM)
MESA
Modular Equipment Stowage Assembly
MET
Mission Elapsed Time, Mission Event Timer, or Mobile Equipment Transporter. The Apollo 14 transporter was a two-wheeled rickshaw vehicle used to carry tools, containers, spare film, etc.
MFC
Main Feeder Contactor
MG
Middle Gimbal
MGA
Middle Gimbal Angle
MIN
Minimum
Minus Y axis
South side of the LM
Minus Z axis
East side of the LM
MOCR
Mission Operations Control Room
M/P
Mortar Pack
MPA
Mortar Pack Assembly
MPX
Multiplex
MSB
Most Significant Bit
MSC
Manned Spacecraft Center; now Johnson Space Center
MSFN
Manned Space Flight Network (pronounced "Miss Finn"); provides reliable, (usually) continuous, and instantaneous radio communications with the astronauts, launch vehicle, and spacecraft from lift-off to splashdown
MSOB
Manned Spacecraft Operations Building at the Kennedy Space Center. The training area that the astronauts used to practice the mechanics of ALSEP deployments and other EVA activities was located behind the MSOB. Other training activities, such as those involving a LM mock-up, were conducted in the building.
MSSC
Magnetic Shield Sample Container
MTR
Meter
MTVC
Manual Thrust Vector Control
N204
Nitrogen Tetroxide, oxidizer used in the DPS and APS
N/A
Not Applicable
NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAV
Navigation
NB
Narrow Band
NORM
Normal
NTS
O2
Oxygen
OB
OnBoard
OCS
Organic Control Sample
OG
Outer Gimbal
OGA
Outer Gimbal Angel
OPN
Open
OPR
Operate
OPS
Oxygen Purge System
ORDEAL
Orbital Rate Display Earth And Lunar; displays the computed local vertical in the pitch axis during Earth or Lunar orbit
OTC
Australia's Overseas Telecommunications Commision, which handled all telecommunications traffic with the res of the world. One of its functions, centered at its Paddington facility in Sydney, was to receive signals from the various tracking stations around the country and send them onward to NASA..
OUT
Outlet or Output
OVR
Over
OVRD
Override
OX
Oxidizer or Oxygen
P00
Program Zero-Zero, pronounced "pooh"; see a description of P00 provided by Frank O'Brien.
P22
P22 is the LM computer program that uses the rendezvous radar to track the Command Module.
Parker Valves
These propellant isolation valves were made by a U.S. unit of Parker Hannifin PLC and were part of the RCS propellant feed system and the valve switches were cycled open and closed by the LMPs immediately after landing, just in case something had gotten jarred. The control switches were located on the main LMP switch panel. Each of the four clusters of RCS jets was connected to two RCS systems and, consequently, there were eight switches, two for each RCS quad. Each switch had an Open and Close position.
PA
Power Amplifier
PAD
Preliminary Advisory Data: the crew had pre-printed forms on which they could write lift-off times and other data they would need in the event that communications was lost with Houston. Before and after each rest period, the CapCom would read up a list of lift-off times covering the next 10 to 12 hours and, prior to launch, a longer list of data was read up.
PAO
Public Affairs Office
PART
Partial
PCA
Program Coupler Assembly
PCM
Pulse Code Modulation
PCT
Per Cent
PDI
Powered Descent Initiation
PFS
Per Cent Full Scale
PGA
Pressure Garment Assembly
PGNCS
Primary Guidance, Navigation, and Control System
PGNS
Primary Guidance and Navigation System (pronounced "pings")
PI
Principal Investigator
PIA
Pre-Installation Acceptance
PIPA
Pulsed Integrating Pendulous Accelerometer
PLSD
Pulsed
PLSS
Portable Life Support System
Plus Y axis
North side of the LM
Plus Z axis
West side of the LM
PM
Phase Modulation
PM1/NB
Phase Modulator 1??/Narrowband
PM1/WB, see the LCRU documentation
Phase Modulator 1??/Wideband
PNLS
Panels
PO
Power Output
POGO
Partial Gravity Simulator; the name applied to this type of device derives from that of the Pogo Stick children's toy. An example of a POGO facility at NASA Johnson is linked here. Apollo 12 training photo S69-56059 shows Al Bean using a POGO device suspended from the gondola in a large centrifuge at NASA Johnson.
POS
Position
PPK
Personal Preference Kits
PQMD
Propellant Quantity Measuring Device
PRA
Program Reader Assembly
PRD
Personal Radiation Dosimeter
PRELIM
Preliminary
PRESS
Pressure
PRIM
Primary
PRO
Proceed
PROG
Program
PROP
Propellant or Propulsion
PSE(P)
Passive Seismic Experiment (Package); part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, and 16
PSIA
Pounds Per Square Inch Absolute
PSID
Pounds Per Square Inch Differential
PTA
Pulsed Torque Assembly
PTC
Passive Thermal Control; also known as the Barbecue mode, in which the LM/CSM stack was oriented with its long axis perpendicular to the Sun so that, when the spacecraft were put into a slow rotation around that axis, heating and cooling would be relatively uniform.
PTT
Push-To-Talk
PVR
Percent Voltage Reference
PWM
Pulse Width Modulation
PWR
Power
PYRO
Pyrotechnic
QD
Quick Disconnect
QTY
Quantity
QUAD
Quadrant
R
(Computer) Register
R-Dot
Rate of approach; time (t) derivative of range, which can be written mathematically as dR/dt or Ṙ
RAD
Radiation
Range Rate
Change in range per unit time. In the case of a Rover traverse, if the driver is moving in a straight line away from the last Rover Nav initialization point, then the range rate is identical to the average speed. If, however, the driver has been making turns to avoid craters, then the range rate will be lower than the average speed.
RC/OC
Reverse Current/OverCurrent
RCS
Reaction Control System
RCU
RCVR
Receiver
REACQ
Re-acquire
REC
Recorder
RECD
Received
REF
Reference
REFSMMAT
Reference Stable Member Matrix or, sometimes, Reference to Stable Member Matrix. See Charlie Duke's definition at 104:47:55
REG
Regulator
REL
Release
Reseau Plate
A glass plate fitted close to the film plane in the lunar surface Hasselblads. Details linked here.
RET
Retract or Return
REV
Reverse
RF
Radio Frequency
RFLT
Reflect or Reflected
RGA
Rate Gyro Assembly
RLS
Radius of Landing Site or Reference Landing Site
RLY
Relay
RNG
Range or Ranging
ROD
Rate of Descent
RR
Rendezvous Radar. The Rendezvous Radar was mounted on the top of the LM. The radar dish on LM-9, originally scheduled to be flown on Apollo 15 when that was an H mission, is shown in aphoto by Randy Attwood.
RS
Remote Site
RSVR
Resolver
RTG
Radioisotopic Thermoelectric Generator; used to provide power to the ALSEP experiments flown on Apollo 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17; also see SNAP-27
RTV
Room Temperature Vulcanizing silicone rubber insulation which was used, for example, on the handles of the Apollo geology hammers and on the tips of the fingers of the EVA gloves.
RUPT
Rupture
S
Sideward Thrusting RCS Engine
SAS
Space Adaptation Syndrome
S-BND
S-Band There were two S-band, high-gain antennas used by the LM crew. One was mounted on the top of the spacecraft, as can be seen in close-up in a LM-9photo by Randy Attwood. The other was a large, umbrella-like antenna erected on the surface by the Apollo 12 and 14 crews. The Apollo 12 antenna can be seen on the righthand side of AS12-47-6988
SBT
S-Band Transponder
S/C
Spacecraft
SCB
Sample Collection Bag
SCE
Signal-Conditioning Equipment
SCS
Stabilization and Control System
SE
Systems Engineer
SEB
Scientific Equipment Bay
SEC
Secondary, Second, or Special Environmental Container; the container when sealed will retain a high vacuum for study of lunar samples in its original environment
SECS
Sequential Events Control System
SEF
Sharp End Forward
SEL
Select
SENS
Sensitivity
SEP
Separation, Separator, or Surface Electric Properties (experiment). The SEP experiment was flown on Apollo 17
SEQ
Sequence or Scientific Equipment Bay
SESC
Special Environmental Sample Container
SET
Set or Setting
SHE
SuperCritical Helium
SIDE
Suprathermal Ion Detection Experiment; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 12, 14, and 15
SIG
Signal
SIM
Scientific Instrument Module or Simulation
SLA
Spacecraft Launch Adapter or SM/LM Adapter
SM
Service Module
SME
Soil Mechanics Experiment
SNAP-27
System for Nuclear Auxiliary Power, Model 27
S/O
Shut Off
SOL
Solenoid
SOV
Shut Off Valve
SP
Spare
SPEC
Specification
SPS
Service Propulsion System
SRC
Sample Return Container; the rock boxes
SRP
Self-Recording Penetrometer; flown on Apollo 15 and 16
S/S
Samples per Second
SSC
SpaceSuit Communicator
SSD
Sun Shadow Device
SSR
Staff Support Room
ST
Static
STGE
Stage
STBY
Standby
STR
Strength
STRB
Strobe
SUP
Supply
SUSP
Suspension
SVO
Servo
SW
Switch
SWC
Solar Wind Composition Collector; flown on Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, and 16
SWIP
Super Weight Improvement Program
SWS
Solar Wind Spectrometer; part of the ALSEP instrumentation flown on Apollo 12 and 15
SYNCH
Synchronization
SYS
System
TB
TalkBack
TCA
Thrust Chamber Assembly
TCP
Thrust Chamber Pressure
TCU
Television Control Unit
TDS
Thermal Degradation Sample; flown on Apollo 14
TEC
Transearth Coast
TEI
Transearth Injection
TELEMU
Telemetry
TEMP
Temperature
Tephem
Time of Ephemeris
T/G
Thumper/Geophone Experiment
TGE
Traverse Gravimeter Experiment; flown on Apollo 17
THROT
Throttle
TIG or Tig
Time of Ignition
TJM
Tower Jettison Motor
TK
Tank
TLC
Translunar Coast
TLI
Translunar Injection
TLM or TM
Telemetry
TOL
Tolerance
TPI
Terminal Phase Initiation
TR
Transmit/Receive
TRANS
Translation
Travono (possibly Travano)
A gray-brown plastic used in the LM to protect surfaces where metal could not be used. See Jim Irwin's discussion at 121:19:30. Also mentioned by John Young in a portion of the Apollo 16 Technical Debrief quoted after 106:48:11.
TRUN
Trunnion
TSB
Temporary Stowage Bag
TTCA
Thrust/Translation Controller Assembly
TTHR
Tether
TTY
Teletype or Teletypewriter
TVC
Thrust Vector Control
U
Upward Thrusting RCS Engine
UCTA
Urine Collection and Transfer Assembly
UDMX
Unsymmetrical-Dimethylhydrazine, part of the fuel for the DPS and APS
UHF
Ultra-High Frequency
UHT
Universal Handling Tool
UVC
Ultraviolet Camera; flown on Apollo 16
V
Volt
V sub I
Inertial Velocity
VAC
Volts Alternating Current
VAR
Variable
VDC
Volts Direct Current
VEL
Velocity
VHF
Very High Frequency
VLV(S)
Valve(s)
VOX
Voice Activated Transmission
VPI
Valve Position Indicator
VR
Vector Ranging
VRMS
Volt Root Mean Square
W
Watt
WB
WideBand
W/B
Water Boiler
WILCO
Will Comply
X
Cross
X Axis
Vertical Axis
XMTR
Transmitter
X-Pointer
See Crosspointer
XPNDR
Transponder
Y Axis
Left to Right Axis
Z Axis
Fore/Aft Axis
Z Bag
Storage Bag stored at the minus Z Bulkhead