Dimension Preservation of Multidimensional Arrays - MATLAB & Simulink (original) (raw)
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Dimension Preservation in Generated Code
The code generator produces one-dimensional arrays in the C/C++ code for multidimensional model data. For example, consider matrixmatrixParam.
matrixParam = 1 2 3 4 5 6
By default, MATLAB® stores data in column-major format. The code generator defines matrixmatrixParam in the generated code as:
/* const_params.c */ matrixParam[6] = {1, 4, 2, 5, 3, 6};
The code generator initializes matrix matrixParam in the generated code as:
/* model.c */ extern const real_T matrixParam[6];
for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { ... = matrixParamValue[i]; }
When you set the model configuration parameter Array layout toRow-major, you can preserve dimensions of multidimensional arrays in the generated code. Preserving array dimensions in generated code enhances integration with external code.
For example, in row-major array layout, the code generator preserves the array dimensions in type definition in the generated code as:
/* const_params.c */ const real_T matrixParam[2][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}};
The code for initializing the multidimensional data is nested as:
/* model.c */ extern const real_T matrixParam[2][3];
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { ... = matrixParam[i][j]; } }
Difference in Dimension Preservation Between MATLAB and C
When you define a multidimensional array in the MATLAB Command Window, MATLAB stores the array in column-major format. For example:
matrixParam.Value = [1 2 3; 4 5 6]; % Data inilitialized in row-major
matrixParam.Value % Data displayed in row-major ans = 1 2 3 4 5 6
matrixParam.Value(:)' % Data stored in column-major ans = 1 4 2 5 3 6
Even if the data is initialized in row-major format in the MATLAB Command Window, MATLAB serializes data in memory in column-major format.
When the code generator preserves dimensions, the generated code is:
real_T matrixParam[2][3] = { { 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 }, { 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 } } ;
For 2-D arrays, the index order and data definition are consistent with what you see in the MATLAB Command Window and the generated code.
For n-D arrays, when the code generator produces row-major code and preserves array dimensions, the index order is consistent with MATLAB. The data definition of n-D arrays in the generated code is not consistent with the data displayed in the MATLAB Command Window. For example, consider thatmatrixParam is aSimulink.Parameter:
matrixParam.Value = reshape(1:24,[4 3 2])
matrixParam.Value
ans(:,:,1) = 1 5 9 2 6 10 3 7 11 4 8 12 ans(:,:,2) = 13 17 21 14 18 22 15 19 23 16 20 24
matrixParam.Value(:)' ans =
Columns 1 through 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Columns 11 through 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20Columns 21 through 24
21 22 23 24In row-major array layout, the code generator preserves the array dimensions during type definition in the generated code as:
/* const_params.c */ const real_T matrixParam[4][3][2] = { { { 1.0, 13.0 }, { 5.0, 17.0 }, { 9.0, 21.0 } }, { { 2.0, 14.0 }, { 6.0, 18.0 }, { 10.0, 22.0 } }, { { 3.0, 15.0 }, { 7.0, 19.0 }, { 11.0, 23.0 } }, { { 4.0, 16.0 }, { 8.0, 20.0 }, { 12.0, 24.0 } } };
The code for initializing the multidimensional data is nested as:
/* model.c */ extern const real_T matrixParam[4][3][2];
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) { for (i_1 = 0; i_1 < 4; i_1++) { for (i_0 = 0; i_0 < 2; i_0++) { ... = ... + matrixParam[i_1][i][i_0]; } } }