pandas.DataFrame.unstack — pandas 2.2.3 documentation (original) (raw)

DataFrame.unstack(level=-1, fill_value=None, sort=True)[source]#

Pivot a level of the (necessarily hierarchical) index labels.

Returns a DataFrame having a new level of column labels whose inner-most level consists of the pivoted index labels.

If the index is not a MultiIndex, the output will be a Series (the analogue of stack when the columns are not a MultiIndex).

Parameters:

levelint, str, or list of these, default -1 (last level)

Level(s) of index to unstack, can pass level name.

fill_valueint, str or dict

Replace NaN with this value if the unstack produces missing values.

sortbool, default True

Sort the level(s) in the resulting MultiIndex columns.

Returns:

Series or DataFrame

Notes

Reference the user guide for more examples.

Examples

index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([('one', 'a'), ('one', 'b'), ... ('two', 'a'), ('two', 'b')]) s = pd.Series(np.arange(1.0, 5.0), index=index) s one a 1.0 b 2.0 two a 3.0 b 4.0 dtype: float64

s.unstack(level=-1) a b one 1.0 2.0 two 3.0 4.0

s.unstack(level=0) one two a 1.0 3.0 b 2.0 4.0

df = s.unstack(level=0) df.unstack() one a 1.0 b 2.0 two a 3.0 b 4.0 dtype: float64