Utf8Error in std::str - Rust (original) (raw)

pub struct Utf8Error { /* private fields */ }

Expand description

Errors which can occur when attempting to interpret a sequence of u8as a string.

As such, the from_utf8 family of functions and methods for both Strings and &strs make use of this error, for example.

This error type’s methods can be used to create functionality similar to String::from_utf8_lossy without allocating heap memory:

fn from_utf8_lossy<F>(mut input: &[u8], mut push: F) where F: FnMut(&str) {
    loop {
        match std::str::from_utf8(input) {
            Ok(valid) => {
                push(valid);
                break
            }
            Err(error) => {
                let (valid, after_valid) = input.split_at(error.valid_up_to());
                unsafe {
                    push(std::str::from_utf8_unchecked(valid))
                }
                push("\u{FFFD}");

                if let Some(invalid_sequence_length) = error.error_len() {
                    input = &after_valid[invalid_sequence_length..]
                } else {
                    break
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Run

Returns the index in the given string up to which valid UTF-8 was verified.

It is the maximum index such that from_utf8(&input[..index])would return Ok(_).

Basic usage:

use std::str;

// some invalid bytes, in a vector
let sparkle_heart = vec![0, 159, 146, 150];

// std::str::from_utf8 returns a Utf8Error
let error = str::from_utf8(&sparkle_heart).unwrap_err();

// the second byte is invalid here
assert_eq!(1, error.valid_up_to());

Run

Provides more information about the failure:

None: the end of the input was reached unexpectedly.self.valid_up_to() is 1 to 3 bytes from the end of the input. If a byte stream (such as a file or a network socket) is being decoded incrementally, this could be a valid char whose UTF-8 byte sequence is spanning multiple chunks.
Some(len): an unexpected byte was encountered. The length provided is that of the invalid byte sequence that starts at the index given by valid_up_to(). Decoding should resume after that sequence (after inserting a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER) in case of lossy decoding.

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

👎 Deprecated since 1.42.0:

use the Display impl or to_string()

The lower-level source of this error, if any. Read more

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (backtrace #53487)

Returns a stack backtrace, if available, of where this error occurred. Read more

👎 Deprecated since 1.33.0:

replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==. Read more

This method tests for !=.

impl Any for T where

T: 'static + ?Sized,

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

impl From for T

impl<T, U> Into for T where

U: From,

The resulting type after obtaining ownership.

Creates owned data from borrowed data, usually by cloning. Read more

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (toowned_clone_into #41263)

Uses borrowed data to replace owned data, usually by cloning. Read more

Converts the given value to a String. Read more

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

Performs the conversion.

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.

Performs the conversion.