Edit and Format Code - MATLAB & Simulink (original) (raw)

To edit you code, in the Editor and Live Editor, you can use column selection, code autocompletion, and refactoring. To format your code and make your code easier to read, use indentation, text-width indication, code folding, and the Outline panel.

Column Selection

When adding or editing code in the Editor and Live Editor, you can select and edit a rectangular area of code (also known as column selection or_block edit_). If you want to copy or delete several columns of data (as opposed to rows) or if you want to edit multiple lines at one time, selecting and editing code is useful. To select a rectangular area, press theAlt key while making a selection with the mouse. On macOS systems, use the Option key instead.

For example, select the second column of data in A.

3 by 5 matrix A with the second column selected

Type 0 to set all the selected values to 0.

3 by 5 matrix A with all of the values in the second column replaced with zeros

Before R2021b: Column selection is available only in the Live Editor, not in the Editor.

Change Case

You can change the case of selected text or code from all uppercase to lowercase, or vice versa, in the Editor and Live Editor. Select the text, right-click, and select . Alternatively, you can pressCtrl+Shift+A. If the text contains uppercase and lowercase text, MATLAB® changes the case to all uppercase.

Before R2021b: The option is available only in the Live Editor, not in the Editor.

Automatically Complete Code

MATLAB automatically completes parentheses and quotes when entering code in the Editor and Live Editor. For example, if you type an open parenthesis in the Editor or Live Editor, MATLAB adds the closing parenthesis. MATLAB also automatically splits comments, character vectors, strings, and parentheses when you press Enter. For example, if you pressEnter in a comment, MATLAB moves the text after the cursor to a new line and adds a percent (%) symbol to the beginning of the new line.

MATLAB can also automatically complete block endings in control flow statements and function and class definitions. To autocomplete block endings, on theHome tab, in the Environment section, click Preferences. Select > and in the Autocoding options section, select one or more of the Autocomplete block endings options.

To undo an automatic code completion, press Ctrl+Z or the Undo button. To disable automatic code completions, in the > preferences, clear one or more of the options in theAutocoding options section. For more information, see Editor/Debugger Preferences.

Before R2021b: MATLAB completes code only in the Live Editor, not in the Editor.

Refactor Code

You can break large scripts or functions into smaller pieces by converting selected areas of code into functions or local functions, known as code_refactoring_.

To refactor a selected area of code:

  1. Select one or more lines of code.
  2. On the Editor or Live Editor tab, in the Code section, click Refactor and select from the available options.
  3. Enter a name for the new function. MATLAB creates a function with the selected code and replaces the original code with a call to the newly created function.

Before R2021b: Refactoring options are available only in the Live Editor, not in the Editor.

Indent Code

Indenting code makes functions and statements, such as while loops, easier to read. By default, MATLAB automatically indents code in the Editor and Live Editor as you type. When you indent lines by using tabs or spaces, MATLAB also aligns subsequent lines with those lines.

To indent selected lines of code if automatic indenting is disabled, go to theEditor or Live Editor tab and in theCode section, click the Smart Indent button.

To manually change the indent of selected lines to be farther right or left, on the Editor or Live Editor tab, click the Increase Indent or Decrease Indent buttons. Manually changing the indent works whether automatic indenting is enabled or disabled. Alternatively, you can use theTab key or the Shift+Tab keys, respectively.

Disable Automatic Indenting

If you prefer not to use automatic indenting, you can disable it. Each language in MATLAB that supports automatic indenting has its own option to disable it.

  1. On the Home tab, in theEnvironment section, click Preferences.
  2. Select > > and in the Language drop-down list, select a programming language.
  3. In the Indenting section of the selected language, clear the option. This option is not supported for all languages.

In MATLAB Online™, to disable automatic indenting for individual languages, go to > > and > > .

Change Indenting Behavior

You can change the behavior of indenting in the Editor and Live Editor, including how functions in MATLAB code files indent, whether automatic indenting formats the entire document, and whether automatic indenting adds white space to empty lines.

To specify how functions indent in MATLAB code files, on the Home tab, in theEnvironment section, click Preferences. Select > > and in the Language drop-down list, select . Then, select from the Function indenting format options. In MATLAB Online, this preference is located under > > . For more information and examples of each function indenting format, see Editor/Debugger Preferences.

To change the behavior of automatic indenting, use settings. For example, this code enables formatting the entire document when automatically indenting. For more information, see matlab.editor Settings. (since R2024a)

s = settings; s.matlab.editor.indent.SmartIndentEntireDocument.PersonalValue = 1;

In MATLAB Online, you also can configure the behavior of automatic indenting using the > > preferences. For more information, see Editor/Debugger Preferences.

Fold Code

Code folding expands and collapses blocks of MATLAB code in the Editor. You can use code folding to hide code that you are not currently working on. Code folding improves the readability of a file that contains numerous functions or other blocks of code. Code folding is not supported in the Live Editor.

For example, you can fold:

To expand or collapse a block of code, click the plus or minus sign that appears to the left of the construct in the Editor. Alternatively, you can use the Ctrl+Shift+. (period) andCtrl+. (period) keyboard shortcuts or use the code folding buttons in the View tab.

To expand or collapse all of the code in a file, place your cursor anywhere within the file, go to the View tab, and select the Expand All or Collapse All buttons. Alternatively, you can use theCtrl+Shift+, (comma) and Ctrl+, (comma) keyboard shortcuts.

Note

If you print a file with one or more collapsed constructs, those constructs are expanded in the printed version of the file.

You can change which programming constructs can be folded and whether a programming construct is collapsed the first time that you open a MATLAB file. On the Home tab, in theEnvironment section, click Preferences. Select > , and then adjust the preference options.

Change the Right-Side Text Limit Indicator

By default, a light gray vertical line (rule) appears at column 75 in the Editor, indicating where a line exceeds 75 characters. You can set this text limit indicator to another value, which is useful, for example, if you want to view the code in another text editor that has a different line width limit. The right-side text limit indicator is not supported in the Live Editor.

To hide or change the appearance of the vertical line:

  1. On the Home tab, in theEnvironment section, click Preferences.
  2. In the Preferences window, select > > .
  3. Adjust the settings in the Right-hand text limit section.

The right-side text limit indicator is a visual cue only and does not prevent text from exceeding the limit. To wrap comment text at a specified column number automatically, go to the Home tab and in theEnvironment section, click Preferences. Select > > , and adjust the Comment formatting preferences. To adjust Comment formatting preferences in MATLAB Online, select > .

View Outline of Code in MATLAB Online

In the MATLAB Online Editor, you can view a high-level outline of scripts, functions, and classes using the Outline panel. To view an outline of a file open in the Editor, go to the View tab, and in the Tools section, click Outline. To navigate to an area within your code file, double-click the related entry in the Outline panel.

Outline panel showing the outline of the BankAccount class, which includes four properties and five methods

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