Tiragalloite (original) (raw)

A valid IMA mineral species

About TiragalloiteHide

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Formula:

Mn2+4As5+Si3O12(OH)

Colour:

Orange, brownish orange

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Name:

Named after Paolo Onofrio Tiragallo (1905, Carro, La Spezia, Liguria, Italy - 1987), distinguished amateur mineralogist. Conservator and curator of the mineralogical collection of the University of Genoa.

Tiragalloite belongs to a rare class of compounds with As atoms replacing Si atoms in silicate anions, the so-called arsenosilicates (analoguous to the more common alumosilicates and borosilicates, in which Si atoms are replaced by Al atoms and B atoms, respectively). It contains isolated chains consisting of one (ASO4) tetrahedron and three (SiO4) tetrahedra, which are linked by sharing corners. One oxygen atom is protonated, resulting in the anion formula (HAsSi3O13)8-. The tetrahedral sites in the anion are ordered in that the As atoms are only found at the end of the chains, and there is exactly one As atom in each anion.

Unique IdentifiersHide

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Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3974:7

b8b9dede-a950-4311-a559-658541a95a4e

IMA Classification of TiragalloiteHide

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Type description reference:

Classification of TiragalloiteHide

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9.BJ.25

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
J : Sorosilicates with Si3O10, Si4O11, etc. anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination

57.2.1.1

57 : SOROSILICATES Si3O10 Groups and Larger Noncyclic Groups
2 : Insular Si3O10 and Larger Noncyclic Groups with [Si4O13] groups

17.7.7

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
7 : Silicates with vanadate, arsenate or antimonate

Mineral SymbolsHide

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As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Physical Properties of TiragalloiteHide

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Transparency:

Transparent, Translucent

Colour:

Orange, brownish orange

Cleavage:

Distinct/Good
Good on {100}.

Parting:

Distinct parting, normal to elongation.

Density:

3.84(6) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.829 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Comment:

Measured by flotation in dilute Clerici solution at room temperature. The calculated density for a pure end-member is 3.860.

Optical Data of TiragalloiteHide

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RI values:

_n_α = 1.745(5) _n_β = 1.751(3) _n_γ = 1.760(5)

2V:

Measured: 38° to 46°, Calculated: 80°

δ = 0.015

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Comments:

a ≃ α, b = β, c ≃ γ.
The angle between a and the cleavage pole is 5-6°.
Elongation is positive.

Chemistry of TiragalloiteHide

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Mindat Formula:

Mn2+4As5+Si3O12(OH)

Common Impurities:

Ti,Al,V,Fe,Ca,Na,K

Crystallography of TiragalloiteHide

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Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Cell Parameters:

a = 6.66(1) Å, b = 19.92(2) Å, c = 7.67(1) Å
β = 95.7(1)°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.334 : 1 : 0.385

Unit Cell V:

1,012.53 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Twinning:

Visible under the microscope. Symmetric, with the twin plane coincident with the cleavage plane.

Comment:

Space group P21/n. Nagashima et al. (2010) give a = 6.6783(1), b = 19.9075(3), c = 7.5750(1) Å, β = 95.475(1)°. The lower c value in the latter is also confirmed by SXRD studies of samples from Austria (Uwe Kolitsch, unpubl. data).

Crystal StructureHide

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ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0009690	Tiragalloite	Gramaccioli C M, Pilati T, Liborio G (1979) Structure of a manganese(II) arsenatotrisilicate, Mn4[AsSi3O12(OH)]: The presence of a new tetrapolyphosphate-like anion Acta Crystallographica B35 2287-2291		1979	Molinello, near Chiavari, Liguria,	0	293
0019902	Tiragalloite	Nagashima M, Armbruster T (2010) Ardennite, tiragalloite and medaite: structural control of (As5+,V5+,Si4+)O4 tetrahedra in silicates Mineralogical Magazine 74 55-71	2010	Gambatesa mine, Val Graveglia, Liguria, Italy	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

Epitaxial Relationships of TiragalloiteHide

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Epitaxy Comments:

(010)[001]tir // (010)[100]rho (Roth & Meisser, 2011)

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Powder Diffraction Data:

Geological EnvironmentHide

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Type Occurrence of TiragalloiteHide

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General Appearance of Type Material:

Small orange grains enclosed in brownish to orange veinlets, about one millimeter thick, cutting a black Mn ore made up mainly of quartz and braunite. The grains never show as idiomorphic crystals. They are typically <0.4 mm but rarely 1.5 mm. They are

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 24314.
Municipal Museum of Natural History, Milan, Italy.
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Veinlets cutting manganese ore.

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Reference:

Gramaccioli, C.M., Griffin, W.L., Mottana, A. (1980) Tiragalloite, Mn4[AsSi3O12(OH)], a new mineral and the first example of arsenatotrisilicate. American Mineralogist: 65: 947-952.

Synonyms of TiragalloiteHide

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Other Language Names for TiragalloiteHide

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Common AssociatesHide

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Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

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Other InformationHide

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Notes:

Slightly soluble in HNO3, giving the solution a light pink color, and insoluble in HCl or H2SO4.

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for TiragalloiteHide

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References for TiragalloiteHide

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Localities for TiragalloiteHide

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This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

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- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Austria
Salzburg Tamsweg District Tweng ⓘ Fuchs Alp - Fuchs lake area	Kolitsch et al. (2021)
Tyrol Innsbruck-Land District Navis ⓘ Navis stream (Navis creek)	Kolitsch et al. (2019)
ⓘ Unterweg	BRANDSTÄTTER et al. (2015)
Lienz District Kals am Großglockner Kals valley ⓘ Ködnitz valley	Abrecht (1990)
Italy
Aosta Valley Saint-Marcel ⓘ Praborna Mine	Cenki-Tok et al. (2006)
Liguria Genoa Ne ⓘ Cassagna Mine	Redazionale (2005)
ⓘ Molinello Mine (TL)	415. +3 other references
Reppia ⓘ Gambatesa Mine	Pipino (1984)
Statale ⓘ Scrava Mine (Statale Mine)	//doi.org/10.57635/MICRO.2023.21.7
La Spezia Province Borghetto di Vara ⓘ Cerchiara Mine	Analyses of Anthony Kampf of Natural ... +1 other reference
Maissana Mt. Alpe ⓘ Monte Alpe Mine	Analyses of Anthony Kampf of Natural ...
Lombardy Sondrio Province Lanzada ⓘ Scerscen Valley
ⓘ Lower Scerscen Glacier	Callegari et al. (1992) +6 other references
ⓘ Malenco Valley	Lapis (10)
Piedmont Cuneo Province Canosio Vallone della Valletta ⓘ Valletta Mine	Bracco R. (2014) +3 other references
Metropolitan City of Turin Salbertrand ⓘ Case Berge	Piccoli et al. (2007) +1 other reference
ⓘ Grange d'Himbert	Piccoli et al. (2007)
Japan
Kagoshima Prefecture Oshima District Yamato village ⓘ Yamato mine	Fujiwara et al. (2005) +1 other reference
Slovakia
Košice Region Spišská Nová Ves District Poráč ⓘ Diely manganese ore occurrence	Martin Števko & Pavol Myšľan
Spain
Canary Islands Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province Tenerife ⓘ Los Blanquitos	Dill et al. (2023)
Switzerland
Grisons Viamala Region Ferrera Ausserferrera ⓘ Fianel	Brugger (2006)
Rheinwald Splügen ⓘ Tanatz Alp	Stalder et al. (1998) +2 other references