2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season (original) (raw)

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The 2008 North Indian cyclone season was one of the most disastrous tropical cyclone seasons in modern history, with tropical cyclones leaving more than 140,000 people dead and causing more than US$15 billion in damage, making it the costliest season in the North Indian Ocean, until it was made second in 2020. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. An average of four to six storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD. During 2008, the IMD monitored a total of ten depressions across the North Indian Ocean, significantly below the average of fifteen. Of these systems, seven developed into deep depressions, four into cyclonic storms, and one into a very severe cyclonic storm. The JTWC unofficially tracked seven systems, with six having one-minute sustained winds greater than 65 km/h (40 mph), slightly above their 32-year average of five. Activity was mostly limited to the Bay of Bengal, with only two depressions developing in the Arabian Sea. Somewhat unusually, no depression developed during the month of July due to the lack of a prominent monsoon. Collectively, there were a total of 30 days of activity in the basin, with no storms existing simultaneously. The first and most destructive storm of the season, Cyclone Nargis struck the Irrawaddy Delta in southern Myanmar, with a 3 to 5 m (9.8 to 16.4 ft) storm surge. Approximately 800,000 homes were severely damaged or destroyed and infrastructure was devastated. An estimated 138,373 people lost their lives and damage reached K13 trillion (US$15.6 billion). Nargis is regarded as the worst disaster in the nation's history as well as the fourth-deadliest tropical cyclone on record. Other storms throughout the season caused significant damage in Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, and Yemen. A depression in October was responsible for 180 deaths and US$1.638 billion in damage across Yemen. Overall, approximately 138,927 people were killed and losses totaled $15.4 billion (2008 USD). (en)
Die Zyklonsaison im Nordindik 2008 hatte keine offizielle Grenzen, sondern lief das ganze Kalenderjahr hindurch. Die tropischen Wirbelstürme bilden sich in diesem Becken in der Regel zwischen April und Dezember, wobei die Monate vor und nach der Monsunsaison, also April/Mai und Oktober/November, die aktivsten sind. Einen tropischen Wirbelsturm im Indischen Ozean bezeichnet man als Zyklon. Das zuständige Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) ist das India Meteorological Department in Neu-Delhi. Dieses vergibt für diejenigen tropischen Wirbelstürme, die mindestens den Status eines Zyklons erreichen, einen Namen. Tiefdruckgebiete (je nach Windgeschwindigkeit depressions oder deep depressions) werden fortlaufend nummeriert, wobei die Buchstabenkombination BOB anzeigt, dass sich das System im Golf von Bengalen bildete. Die Buchstaben ARB stehen sinngemäß für das Arabische Meer. Durch das Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) in Honolulu werden für die US-amerikanischen Einrichtungen im Indischen Ozean eigenständige Warnungen und Prognosen ausgegeben. Durch das JTWC erfolgt die Einstufung nach der Saffir-Simpson-Hurrikan-Windskala, das RSMC wendet für die Einstufung eigene Kriterien an, denen unter anderem die Messung der andauernden Windgeschwindigkeit auf Basis einer dreiminütigen Beobachtung zugrunde liegt. (de)
La saison cyclonique 2008 dans l'océan Indien nord (cyclones tropicaux dans l'océan Indien nord) n'a pas de date spécifique de début ou de fin selon la définition de l'Organisation météorologique mondiale. Cependant, les cyclones dans ce bassin montrent un double pic d'activité en mai et en novembre. (fr)
A temporada de ciclones no Oceano Índico norte de 2008 foi um evento em andamento do ciclo anual de formação de ciclones tropicais. A temporada de ciclones no Oceano Índico não há limites específicos, embora a maioria dos ciclones tende a se formar em Abril e Dezembro, com picos em Maio e Novembro. Estas épocas do ano delimitam convencionalmente o período de cada ano quando a maioria dos ciclones tropical tende a se formar no Oceano Índico norte. Apesar de estar dentro da média se for considerado a quantidade de sistemas tropicais formados, a temporada ciclones no Índico norte de 2008 foi marcada pelos eventos severos. O ciclone Nargis, o primeiro ciclone tropical da temporada, e também o mais intenso, foi o pior desastre natural da história de Myanmar e o pior desastre natural desde o terremoto do Índico de 2004; o ciclone causou mais de 146.000 fatalidades no país. Porém, a temporada teve outros sistemas notáveis: a atingiu a província indiana de Orissa em setembro, causando 25 fatalidades e deixando outras 100 desaparecidas. A foi um dos piores desastres naturais da história do Iêmen dos últimos tempos: mais de 180 pessoas morreram como consequências dos efeitos da depressão sobre o país, que também deixou mais de 20.000 pessoas desabrigadas em outubro. Além disso, o ciclone Rashmi causou 28 fatalidades em Bangladesh e na Índia naquele mês. O ciclone Nisha causou 204 fatalidades em Sri Lanka e no sul da Índia no final do mês de novembro. (pt)
2008年北印度洋氣旋季泛指在2008年全年內的任何時間，於北印度洋水域所產生的熱帶氣旋。雖然有關方面並沒有設下本颱風季的指定期限，但大部份北印度洋的熱帶氣旋通常都會於四月至十二月期間形成。该风季是最具灾难性的风季，其中（氣旋納爾吉斯）并带走了138,173条人命，大部分都是缅甸，同时也造成了129亿美元损失，创下了最昂贵的记录，直到被2020年打破本條目的範圍僅侷限於北印度洋水域。在北印度洋產生的氣旋風暴是由隶属于的印度氣象局新德里颱風中心命名，而在該地區的熱帶低氣壓的編號都以 A/B 字母作結。在香港天文台的天氣圖上也包括東北印度洋地區，若有熱帶氣旋形成，則採用世界氣象組織級別法，最高強度都稱之為「颱風」，所有風暴都是無命名的。（以下各氣旋風暴資訊以氣旋風暴存在期間的最強形態為名稱。） (zh)

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ARB One 2008 track.png (en)
BOB Three 2008 track.png (en)
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Cyclone 03A 2008 track.png (en)
Cyclone 07B 2008 track.png (en)
Khai-muk 2008 track.png (en)
Nargis 2008 track.png (en)
Nisha 2008 track.png (en)
Rashmi 2008 track.png (en)

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La saison cyclonique 2008 dans l'océan Indien nord (cyclones tropicaux dans l'océan Indien nord) n'a pas de date spécifique de début ou de fin selon la définition de l'Organisation météorologique mondiale. Cependant, les cyclones dans ce bassin montrent un double pic d'activité en mai et en novembre. (fr)
2008年北印度洋氣旋季泛指在2008年全年內的任何時間，於北印度洋水域所產生的熱帶氣旋。雖然有關方面並沒有設下本颱風季的指定期限，但大部份北印度洋的熱帶氣旋通常都會於四月至十二月期間形成。该风季是最具灾难性的风季，其中（氣旋納爾吉斯）并带走了138,173条人命，大部分都是缅甸，同时也造成了129亿美元损失，创下了最昂贵的记录，直到被2020年打破本條目的範圍僅侷限於北印度洋水域。在北印度洋產生的氣旋風暴是由隶属于的印度氣象局新德里颱風中心命名，而在該地區的熱帶低氣壓的編號都以 A/B 字母作結。在香港天文台的天氣圖上也包括東北印度洋地區，若有熱帶氣旋形成，則採用世界氣象組織級別法，最高強度都稱之為「颱風」，所有風暴都是無命名的。（以下各氣旋風暴資訊以氣旋風暴存在期間的最強形態為名稱。） (zh)
The 2008 North Indian cyclone season was one of the most disastrous tropical cyclone seasons in modern history, with tropical cyclones leaving more than 140,000 people dead and causing more than US$15 billion in damage, making it the costliest season in the North Indian Ocean, until it was made second in 2020. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joi (en)
Die Zyklonsaison im Nordindik 2008 hatte keine offizielle Grenzen, sondern lief das ganze Kalenderjahr hindurch. Die tropischen Wirbelstürme bilden sich in diesem Becken in der Regel zwischen April und Dezember, wobei die Monate vor und nach der Monsunsaison, also April/Mai und Oktober/November, die aktivsten sind. Einen tropischen Wirbelsturm im Indischen Ozean bezeichnet man als Zyklon. (de)
A temporada de ciclones no Oceano Índico norte de 2008 foi um evento em andamento do ciclo anual de formação de ciclones tropicais. A temporada de ciclones no Oceano Índico não há limites específicos, embora a maioria dos ciclones tende a se formar em Abril e Dezembro, com picos em Maio e Novembro. Estas épocas do ano delimitam convencionalmente o período de cada ano quando a maioria dos ciclones tropical tende a se formar no Oceano Índico norte. (pt)

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