3rd Spanish Armada (original) (raw)
La invasión española de Inglaterra de 1597, cuya flota se le conoce como Tercera Armada Invencible, fue el intento de invasión anfibia de la isla de Gran Bretaña por parte de la Monarquía Hispánica. En 1585, el Tratado de Nonsuch había supuesto la entrada de Inglaterra en favor de los protestantes de las Provincias Unidas, rebeldes a Felipe II de España. Esto supuso el inicio de una guerra contra España que duraría hasta 1604.
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| dbo:abstract | The 3rd Spanish Armada, also known as the Spanish Armada of 1597, was a major naval event that took place between October and November 1597 as part of the Anglo–Spanish War. The armada, which was the third attempt by Spain to invade or raid the British Isles during the war, was ordered by King Philip II of Spain in revenge for the English attack on Cadiz following the failure of the 2nd Spanish Armada the previous year due to a storm. The Armada was executed by the Adelantado, Martín de Padilla, who was hoping to intercept and destroy the English fleet under Robert Devereux the 2nd Earl of Essex as it returned from the failed Azores expedition. When this was achieved, the Armada would go on to capture either the important port of Falmouth or Milford Haven and use those places as a base for invasion. When the Spanish arrived in the English Channel, however, they were dispersed by a storm which scattered their fleet. Even so, some ships did push on and even landed troops on the English and Welsh coasts. The returning English fleet, which had been scattered by the same storm, were unaware that the Spanish had come to intercept them, and arrived safely in England with the loss of only one ship. Padilla finally ordered a retreat back to Spain. The returning English ships captured a number of Spanish ships, from which valuable information was obtained about the Armada. Panic in England then ensued, partly because the English fleet had been out to sea with the English coast virtually undefended. This caused the relationship between Queen Elizabeth I of England and the Earl of Essex to deteriorate further and Charles Howard, the 1st Earl of Nottingham, took over from Essex as commander of the English fleet. Howard immediately sent the fleet out to hunt the Spanish, most of whom had arrived back at port. Any remaining Spanish ships were rounded up and captured along with their soldiers and crew. Philip took much of the blame for the failure by the Armada commanders, particularly Padilla. The Armada was the last of its kind that the Spanish would execute under Philip II before his death. (en) La invasión española de Inglaterra de 1597, cuya flota se le conoce como Tercera Armada Invencible, fue el intento de invasión anfibia de la isla de Gran Bretaña por parte de la Monarquía Hispánica. En 1585, el Tratado de Nonsuch había supuesto la entrada de Inglaterra en favor de los protestantes de las Provincias Unidas, rebeldes a Felipe II de España. Esto supuso el inicio de una guerra contra España que duraría hasta 1604. (es) La 3e Armada espagnole, également connue sous le nom d'Armada espagnole de 1597, est un événement naval majeur qui se déroule d'octobre à novembre 1597 dans le cadre de la guerre anglo-espagnole. L’Armada, qui prévoyait un troisième raid espagnol sur les îles Britanniques pendant ce conflit, est commandée par le roi d’Espagne Philippe II en représailles à l’attaque anglaise contre Cadix, qui faisait elle-même suite à l'offensive infructueuse de la 2e Armada espagnole de 1596, arrêtée par un cyclone extratropical. L'Armada est dirigée par l'Adelantado (en), qui espère intercepter et détruire la flotte anglaise commandée par Robert Devereux, 2e comte d'Essex, alors qu'elle revient de l'expédition ratée des Açores ( (en)). Une fois ceci réalisé, l'Armada devrait s'emparer de l'important port de Falmouth ou de Milford Haven et utiliserait ces lieux comme base d'invasion. Lorsque les Espagnols arrivent dans la Manche, ils sont pris dans une violente tempête qui disperse leur flotte et leur fait perdre plusieurs navires. Malgré tout, certains navires réussissent à débarquer des troupes sur les côtes anglaise et galloise. La flotte anglaise de retour, dispersée par la même tempête, arrive néanmoins en Angleterre quasiment indemne en n'ayant à déplorer la perte que d’un seul navire. Padilla ordonne finalement à la flotte de se retirer en Espagne. Les navires anglais de retour capturent un certain nombre de navires espagnols, à partir desquels des informations précieuses sont obtenues sur l'Armada. La panique ensuite éclate en Angleterre, en partie parce que la flotte anglaise est partie en mer alors que la côte anglaise est pratiquement sans défense. La relation entre la reine Élisabeth Ire d'Angleterre et le comte d'Essex se détériore davantage et Charles Howard, premier comte de Nottingham, succède à Essex en tant que commandant de la flotte anglaise. Howard envoie immédiatement la flotte chasser les Espagnols, dont la plupart sont déjà rentrés au port. Tous les navires espagnols restants sont rassemblés et capturés avec leurs soldats et leur équipage. Philippe II est tenu responsable de cet échec par ses commandants de l'Armada, en particulier Martín de Padilla. Cette Armada contre l'Angleterre est la dernière que les Espagnols réaliseront sous Philippe II. (fr) L'invasione spagnola dell'Inghilterra del 1597 (detta anche Armada spagnola del 1597) fu uno dei principali eventi bellici che ebbero luogo tra ottobre e novembre del 1597 come parte della Guerra anglo-spagnola (1585-1604). L'armada era il terzo tentativo della Spagna di invadere le isole britanniche e venne predisposta da re Filippo II di Spagna come vendetta per l'attacco di Cadice successivo al fallimento della Seconda Armada spagnola mesi prima a causa di una tempesta. L'Armada era comandata dall'Adelantado, , il quale sperava di intercettare e distruggere la flotta inglese al comando di Robert Devereux, II conte di Essex, di ritorno dalla sua spedizione nelle Azzorre. Quando prese contatto col nemico, l'Armada si portò alla cattura dei porti importanti di Falmouth e Milford Haven che sarebbero stati utilizzati come base per l'invasione dell'Inghilterra. Quando gli spagnoli giunsero nel Canale della Manica, ad ogni modo, le navi vennero comunque disperse da una tremenda tempesta. Malgrado ciò, alcune navi comunque riuscirono a spostarsi dal centro della tempesta e persino a sbarcare delle truppe sulle coste inglesi e gallesi. La flotta inglese di ritorno, venne colpita anch'essa dalla medesima tempesta, ma era ignara del fatto che gli spagnoli li stessero per intercettare, riuscendo a giungere in Inghilterra con la perdita di una sola nave. Padilla alla fine ordinò la ritirata in Spagna. Le navi inglesi di ritorno catturarono un gran numero di navi spagnole dalle quali ottennero un gran numero di informazioni sull'Armada. L'Inghilterra venne pervasa dal panico, in gran parte perché la flotta inglese si trovava in mare aperto con le coste inglesi in gran parte indifese. Inoltre la relazione tra la regina Elisabetta I d'Inghilterra ed il conte di Essex deteriorò ulteriormente e Charles Howard, conte di Nottingham, sostituì lo stesso conte di Essex al comando della flotta inglese. Howard immediatamente inviò la flotta a dare la caccia agli spagnoli, anche se molte navi erano ormai riuscite a raggiungere i loro porti di partenza. Ogni altra nave rimasta indietro venne catturata con gli uomini che trasportava e gli interi equipaggi a bordo. Filippo accusò del fallimento dell'impresa i comandanti dell'Armada, in particolare Padilla. L'Armada fu l'ultimo tentativo di invasione che Filippo II portò avanti prima della sua morte. (it) |
| dbo:causalties | Total: 1,000 dead 1,500 killed or captured 22 ships sunk or destroyed 28 ships, 400 captured 6 ships captured, Storms |
| dbo:combatant | Spain England |
| dbo:commander | dbr:Juan_del_Águila dbr:Pedro_de_Zubiaur dbr:Robert_Devereux,_2nd_Earl_of_Essex dbr:Elizabeth_I dbr:Walter_Raleigh dbr:Ferdinando_Gorges dbr:Diego_Brochero dbr:Martín_de_Padilla_y_Manrique,_1st_Count_of_Santa_Gadea dbr:Charles_Blount,_8th_Baron_Mountjoy dbr:Charles_Howard,_1st_Earl_of_Nottingham dbr:Philip_II_of_Spain dbr:Carlos_de_Amésquita |
| dbo:date | 1597-11-15 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict | dbr:Anglo-Spanish_War_(1585–1604) |
| dbo:place | dbr:Cornwall dbr:English_Channel dbr:Wales |
| dbo:result | Spanish failure * English defeat Armada remnants * Safe passage of English fleet * Storm scattered Armada |
| dbo:strength | Total: 12 ships rising to 120 13,000- 14,000 men 140 ships 16 merchant galleons 24 small craft 4,000 sailors 44galleons 500 (October) rising to 52hulks 8,000 (November) 9,634 soldiers Fleet: Troops Troops: ships (23 October) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Chart_of_Falmouth.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx%3Fcompid=111702 https://archive.org/details/philipofspain00kame%7Curl-access=registration https://archive.org/details/shakespearespens0000high%7Curl-access=registration%7Cdate=1997%7Cpublisher=Cambridge https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=VbKM-1eXuBk https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=c4SEAgAAQBAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=crYrAQAAIAAJ |
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| dbp:caption | Falmouth at the time of invasion (en) |
| dbp:casualties | 1 (xsd:integer) 6 (xsd:integer) 22 (xsd:integer) 28 (xsd:integer) 400 (xsd:integer) 1000 (xsd:integer) 1500 (xsd:integer) Storms (en) Total: (en) Low (en) |
| dbp:combatant | England (en) Spain (en) |
| dbp:commander | Elizabeth I (en) Walter Raleigh (en) Charles Howard (en) Carlos de Amésquita (en) Charles Blount (en) Diego Brochero (en) Ferdinando Gorges (en) Juan del Águila (en) Martín de Padilla (en) Pedro de Zubiaur (en) Philip II (en) Robert Devereux (en) |
| dbp:conflict | 3 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:date | 0001-10-18 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:imageSize | 300 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:partof | the Anglo-Spanish War (en) |
| dbp:place | dbr:Cornwall dbr:English_Channel dbr:Wales |
| dbp:result | Spanish failure * Storm scattered Armada * Safe passage of English fleet * English defeat Armada remnants (en) |
| dbp:strength | 12 (xsd:integer) 16 (xsd:integer) 24 (xsd:integer) 44 (xsd:integer) 52 (xsd:integer) 140 (xsd:integer) 500 (xsd:integer) 4000 (xsd:integer) 8000 (xsd:integer) 9634 (xsd:integer) 13000 (xsd:integer) Total: (en) Fleet: (en) Troops (en) Troops: (en) ships (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | La invasión española de Inglaterra de 1597, cuya flota se le conoce como Tercera Armada Invencible, fue el intento de invasión anfibia de la isla de Gran Bretaña por parte de la Monarquía Hispánica. En 1585, el Tratado de Nonsuch había supuesto la entrada de Inglaterra en favor de los protestantes de las Provincias Unidas, rebeldes a Felipe II de España. Esto supuso el inicio de una guerra contra España que duraría hasta 1604. (es) The 3rd Spanish Armada, also known as the Spanish Armada of 1597, was a major naval event that took place between October and November 1597 as part of the Anglo–Spanish War. The armada, which was the third attempt by Spain to invade or raid the British Isles during the war, was ordered by King Philip II of Spain in revenge for the English attack on Cadiz following the failure of the 2nd Spanish Armada the previous year due to a storm. The Armada was executed by the Adelantado, Martín de Padilla, who was hoping to intercept and destroy the English fleet under Robert Devereux the 2nd Earl of Essex as it returned from the failed Azores expedition. When this was achieved, the Armada would go on to capture either the important port of Falmouth or Milford Haven and use those places as a base for (en) La 3e Armada espagnole, également connue sous le nom d'Armada espagnole de 1597, est un événement naval majeur qui se déroule d'octobre à novembre 1597 dans le cadre de la guerre anglo-espagnole. L’Armada, qui prévoyait un troisième raid espagnol sur les îles Britanniques pendant ce conflit, est commandée par le roi d’Espagne Philippe II en représailles à l’attaque anglaise contre Cadix, qui faisait elle-même suite à l'offensive infructueuse de la 2e Armada espagnole de 1596, arrêtée par un cyclone extratropical. L'Armada est dirigée par l'Adelantado (en), qui espère intercepter et détruire la flotte anglaise commandée par Robert Devereux, 2e comte d'Essex, alors qu'elle revient de l'expédition ratée des Açores ( (en)). Une fois ceci réalisé, l'Armada devrait s'emparer de l'important port (fr) L'invasione spagnola dell'Inghilterra del 1597 (detta anche Armada spagnola del 1597) fu uno dei principali eventi bellici che ebbero luogo tra ottobre e novembre del 1597 come parte della Guerra anglo-spagnola (1585-1604). L'armada era il terzo tentativo della Spagna di invadere le isole britanniche e venne predisposta da re Filippo II di Spagna come vendetta per l'attacco di Cadice successivo al fallimento della Seconda Armada spagnola mesi prima a causa di una tempesta. L'Armada era comandata dall'Adelantado, , il quale sperava di intercettare e distruggere la flotta inglese al comando di Robert Devereux, II conte di Essex, di ritorno dalla sua spedizione nelle Azzorre. Quando prese contatto col nemico, l'Armada si portò alla cattura dei porti importanti di Falmouth e Milford Haven che (it) |
| rdfs:label | 3rd Spanish Armada (en) Invasión española de Inglaterra de 1597 (es) Invasione spagnola dell'Inghilterra del 1597 (it) Armada espagnole de 1597 (fr) |
| owl:sameAs | yago-res:3rd Spanish Armada wikidata:3rd Spanish Armada dbpedia-es:3rd Spanish Armada dbpedia-fr:3rd Spanish Armada dbpedia-it:3rd Spanish Armada https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4nHs8 |
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| foaf:name | 3rd Spanish Armada (en) |
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