| dbo:abstract |
The Communist Party of Yugoslavia held its sixth congress in Zagreb on 2–7 November 1952. It was attended by 2,022 delegates representing 779,382 party members. The sixth congress sought to discuss new policies, first of all in reaction to the Yugoslav–Soviet split and Yugoslav rapprochement with the United States. The congress is considered the peak of liberalisation of Yugoslav political life in the 1950s. The congress also renamed the party the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. New policies were adopted, while old policies were replaced. The congress was particularly critical of bureaucracy, which was denounced as a remnant of Stalinism. In this respect, Josip Broz Tito, the General Secretary of the party's Central Committee, called for gradual "withering away of the state". The local party organisations were instructed to reorganise territorially by electoral districts. They were given greater decision-making autonomy, but their role was changed from being a virtual administrative arm of the government to a role in which they would be used to persuade and educate instead of direct. A decision was made to separate the party from the central government and that party secretaries would therefore no longer have corresponding functions in the central government. The congress also declared Marxism incompatible with performance or attendance of religious events. Workers' self-management was formally approved by the congress. This change of policy regarding decentralisation of the country led to a wider discussion about the nature of Yugoslav federalism in its immediate aftermath. In response, constitutional amendments were enacted in 1953 to implement the approved changes in the political system. However, some of the sixth congress's adopted resolutions were reversed when relations with the Soviet Union were normalised. The resolutions and strategies adopted by the congress also led to a conflict between efforts aimed at further decentralisation and empowering of Yugoslav constituent republics on one hand and work to increase Yugoslav unity on the other. The principal authors of the documents adopted by the congress were Edvard Kardelj and Milovan Đilas. The latter thought that the liberalisation policies should be reinforced and extended. This brought him in conflict with Tito, resulting in the removal of Đilas from leading positions in state and party. (en) 南斯拉夫共产党第六次代表大会（塞爾維亞-克羅埃西亞語：Šesti kongres Komunistične partije Jugoslavije）于1952年11月2日至7日在南斯拉夫联邦人民共和国萨格勒布举行。代表779,382名党员的2,022名党代表出席了会议。南斯拉夫共产党第六次代表大会针对包括苏南冲突以及南斯拉夫与美国的和解等事件提出了新政策，被认为是1950年代南斯拉夫政治生活自由化的高峰。大会还将南斯拉夫共产党更名为南斯拉夫共产主义者联盟。 大会着重批评了官僚主义，谴责它们是“斯大林主义残余”。南共中央总书记铁托呼吁应该逐步“让国家消亡”而非固守官僚思想。大会上，地方党组织被指示按各自选举区划进行组织范围调整，并被赋予更大的决策自主权。大会决定实行党政分离，将南共党组织从南斯拉夫各级政府机构中分离出来，各级党委书记不再担任各级政府中的相应职务，并主要通过说服各政府机构来落实具体工作。大会还强调了马克思主义与宗教活动的不相容性，呼吁构建公正合理的国际秩序，谴责冷战、侵略政治和殖民主义，宣布南斯拉夫将与各国和平共处，援助欠发达国家，并不干涉他国内政。 大会正式批准了工人自治政策，这一关于国家分权的改革引发了对南斯拉夫联邦制更广泛的讨论。为回应相关舆论，1953年，南斯拉夫颁布了以实施经大会批准的政治制度改革。然而，在南斯拉夫与苏联关系正常化之后，第六次代表大会通过的一些决议被推翻了。大会通过的决议和战略也导致了两种并行政策的客观对立，即进一步分权、赋予加盟共和国更大自治权与促进南斯拉夫各民族团结之间的矛盾。大会通过的文件的主要作者是爱德华·卡德尔和米洛万·吉拉斯，后者认为应扩大自由化政策，这使他与铁托发生冲突，最终被开除出南共盟中央委员会并免去一切公职和党员身份。 (zh) |
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Deputies meeting at the sixth congress of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. (en) |
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The Communist Party of Yugoslavia held its sixth congress in Zagreb on 2–7 November 1952. It was attended by 2,022 delegates representing 779,382 party members. The sixth congress sought to discuss new policies, first of all in reaction to the Yugoslav–Soviet split and Yugoslav rapprochement with the United States. The congress is considered the peak of liberalisation of Yugoslav political life in the 1950s. The congress also renamed the party the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. (en) 南斯拉夫共产党第六次代表大会（塞爾維亞-克羅埃西亞語：Šesti kongres Komunistične partije Jugoslavije）于1952年11月2日至7日在南斯拉夫联邦人民共和国萨格勒布举行。代表779,382名党员的2,022名党代表出席了会议。南斯拉夫共产党第六次代表大会针对包括苏南冲突以及南斯拉夫与美国的和解等事件提出了新政策，被认为是1950年代南斯拉夫政治生活自由化的高峰。大会还将南斯拉夫共产党更名为南斯拉夫共产主义者联盟。 大会着重批评了官僚主义，谴责它们是“斯大林主义残余”。南共中央总书记铁托呼吁应该逐步“让国家消亡”而非固守官僚思想。大会上，地方党组织被指示按各自选举区划进行组织范围调整，并被赋予更大的决策自主权。大会决定实行党政分离，将南共党组织从南斯拉夫各级政府机构中分离出来，各级党委书记不再担任各级政府中的相应职务，并主要通过说服各政府机构来落实具体工作。大会还强调了马克思主义与宗教活动的不相容性，呼吁构建公正合理的国际秩序，谴责冷战、侵略政治和殖民主义，宣布南斯拉夫将与各国和平共处，援助欠发达国家，并不干涉他国内政。 (zh) |
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