Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (original) (raw)
α-黑色素细胞刺激素（英語：α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone，缩写为α-MSH），或称α-促黑素细胞激素、α-黑素细胞皮质激素等，是一种内源肽类激素，也是黑素皮质素家族的神经肽，有着十三肽结构，其氨基酸序列为Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2。α-黑色素细胞刺激素是最重要的黑色素细胞刺激素（MSH）之一，起到激活黑素細胞的作用；在人类在内的哺乳动物中，这一激活途径调控了毛发与皮膚等的色素分布。α-黑色素细胞刺激素也调控进食行为、能量稳态、性行为等，有着阻抑缺血、防止等保护功能。 α-黑色素细胞刺激素（α-MSH）是黑素皮质素受体MC1R、、MC4R和的完全激动剂。仅被促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH）激活，而对α-MSH无效。MC1R的单独激活调控了毛色分布，而在MC1R调控食欲、新陈代谢、性行为时，则需要经由MC3R和MC4R。α-黑色素细胞刺激素是促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH）分解断裂的产物，而促腎上腺皮質激素则又是前腦啡黑細胞促素皮促素（POMC）的断裂产物。
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| dbo:abstract | α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is an endogenous peptide hormone and neuropeptide of the melanocortin family, with a tridecapeptide structure and the amino acid sequence Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2. It is the most important of the melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSHs) (also known as melanotropins) in stimulating melanogenesis, a process that in mammals (including humans) is responsible for pigmentation primarily of the hair and skin. It also plays a role in feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, sexual activity, and protection against ischemia and reperfusion injury. α-MSH is a non-selective full agonist of the melanocortin receptors MC1 (Ki = 0.230 nM), MC3 (Ki = 31.5 nM), MC4 (Ki = 900 nM), and MC5 (Ki = 7160 nM), but not MC2 (which is exclusive for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)). Activation of the MC1 receptor is responsible for its effect on pigmentation, whereas its regulation of appetite, metabolism, and sexual behavior is mediated through both the MC3 and MC4 receptors. It is generated as a proteolyic cleavage product from ACTH (1-13), which is in turn a cleavage product of proopiomelanocortin (POMC). A few synthetic analogues of α-MSH have been investigated as medicinal drugs due to their photoprotective effects against ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. They include afamelanotide (melanotan) and melanotan II, the former of which has been approved as a treatment to reduce photosensitivity in erythropoietic protoporphyria in the United States. Bremelanotide, another analogue of α-MSH, is available in the United States not as a photoprotective agent, but for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. All of these drugs have significantly greater potencies than α-MSH, along with improved pharmacokinetics and distinctive selectivity profiles. (en) α-меланоцитстимулирующий гормон, или α-меланотропин, α-мелатропин, сокращённо α-МСГ — один из представителей семейства меланоцитстимулирующих гормонов. Альфа-меланоцитстимулирующий гормон является , производимым кортикотропными клетками средней доли гипофиза в процессе расщепления проопиомеланокортина. Одновременно образуются бета-эндорфин, гамма-липотропный гормон и др. Альфа-меланоцитстимулирующий гормон стимулирует размножение меланоцитов кожи и усиление выработки меланоцитами чёрного пигмента — меланина. Благодаря этому эффекту альфа-меланоцитстимулирующий гормон усиливает пигментацию кожи и повышает устойчивость кожи к ультрафиолету. (ru) Hormônio estimulante de alfa-melanócitos (alfa-MSH; α-MSH) é um hormônio peptídio da família melanocortina. É produzido no sistema nervoso central e também por células do sistema imune ou na pele e um dos seus efeitos é estimular a síntese de eumelanina. A ação do -MSH ocorre por meio de sua ligação aos receptores de melanocortinas (MC-R), expressos em diferentes células da pele, além de macrófagos, mastócitos e linfócitos T. A proteína agouti é um antagonista dos MC-R1 e MC-R4 e sua ligação a estes receptores na pele inibe a produção da eumelanina. A parte intermediária da hipófise é responsável por secretar o hormônio melanócito estimulante (MSH) em alguns animais; Sua secreção é controlada pela quantidade de luz do ambiente, onde altas quantidades de luz estimulam sua secreção e sua ação na formação da melanina e baixas quantidades de luz diminuem sua secreção. Sua forma α-MSH é formada no hipotálamo e exerce os efeitos de apetite já citados. (pt) α-黑色素细胞刺激素（英語：α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone，缩写为α-MSH），或称α-促黑素细胞激素、α-黑素细胞皮质激素等，是一种内源肽类激素，也是黑素皮质素家族的神经肽，有着十三肽结构，其氨基酸序列为Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2。α-黑色素细胞刺激素是最重要的黑色素细胞刺激素（MSH）之一，起到激活黑素細胞的作用；在人类在内的哺乳动物中，这一激活途径调控了毛发与皮膚等的色素分布。α-黑色素细胞刺激素也调控进食行为、能量稳态、性行为等，有着阻抑缺血、防止等保护功能。 α-黑色素细胞刺激素（α-MSH）是黑素皮质素受体MC1R、、MC4R和的完全激动剂。仅被促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH）激活，而对α-MSH无效。MC1R的单独激活调控了毛色分布，而在MC1R调控食欲、新陈代谢、性行为时，则需要经由MC3R和MC4R。α-黑色素细胞刺激素是促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH）分解断裂的产物，而促腎上腺皮質激素则又是前腦啡黑細胞促素皮促素（POMC）的断裂产物。 (zh) |
| dbo:alternativeName | alpha-MSH, α-melanocortin, α-melanotropin, α-intermedin; Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2 (en) |
| dbo:iupacName | N-acetyl-(L)-seryl-(L)-tyrosyl-(L)-seryl-(L)-methionyl-(L)-α-glutamyl-(L)-histidyl-(L)-phenylalanyl-(L)-arginyl-(L)-tryptophylglycyl-(L)-lysyl-(L)-prolyl-(L)-valinamide (en) |
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| dbp:imagefile | α-melanocyte-stimulating_hormone.svg (en) |
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| dbp:iupacname | N-acetyl-(L)-seryl-(L)-tyrosyl-(L)-seryl-(L)-methionyl-(L)-α-glutamyl-(L)-histidyl-(L)-phenylalanyl-(L)-arginyl-(L)-tryptophylglycyl-(L)-lysyl-(L)-prolyl-(L)-valinamide (en) |
| dbp:name | α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (en) |
| dbp:othernames | alpha-MSH, α-melanocortin, α-melanotropin, α-intermedin; Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2 (en) |
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| dcterms:subject | dbc:Human_hormones dbc:Peptide_hormones dbc:Melanocortin_receptor_agonists |
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| rdfs:comment | α-黑色素细胞刺激素（英語：α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone，缩写为α-MSH），或称α-促黑素细胞激素、α-黑素细胞皮质激素等，是一种内源肽类激素，也是黑素皮质素家族的神经肽，有着十三肽结构，其氨基酸序列为Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2。α-黑色素细胞刺激素是最重要的黑色素细胞刺激素（MSH）之一，起到激活黑素細胞的作用；在人类在内的哺乳动物中，这一激活途径调控了毛发与皮膚等的色素分布。α-黑色素细胞刺激素也调控进食行为、能量稳态、性行为等，有着阻抑缺血、防止等保护功能。 α-黑色素细胞刺激素（α-MSH）是黑素皮质素受体MC1R、、MC4R和的完全激动剂。仅被促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH）激活，而对α-MSH无效。MC1R的单独激活调控了毛色分布，而在MC1R调控食欲、新陈代谢、性行为时，则需要经由MC3R和MC4R。α-黑色素细胞刺激素是促腎上腺皮質激素（ACTH）分解断裂的产物，而促腎上腺皮質激素则又是前腦啡黑細胞促素皮促素（POMC）的断裂产物。 (zh) α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is an endogenous peptide hormone and neuropeptide of the melanocortin family, with a tridecapeptide structure and the amino acid sequence Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2. It is the most important of the melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSHs) (also known as melanotropins) in stimulating melanogenesis, a process that in mammals (including humans) is responsible for pigmentation primarily of the hair and skin. It also plays a role in feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, sexual activity, and protection against ischemia and reperfusion injury. (en) Hormônio estimulante de alfa-melanócitos (alfa-MSH; α-MSH) é um hormônio peptídio da família melanocortina. É produzido no sistema nervoso central e também por células do sistema imune ou na pele e um dos seus efeitos é estimular a síntese de eumelanina. A ação do -MSH ocorre por meio de sua ligação aos receptores de melanocortinas (MC-R), expressos em diferentes células da pele, além de macrófagos, mastócitos e linfócitos T. A proteína agouti é um antagonista dos MC-R1 e MC-R4 e sua ligação a estes receptores na pele inibe a produção da eumelanina. A parte intermediária da hipófise é responsável por secretar o hormônio melanócito estimulante (MSH) em alguns animais; Sua secreção é controlada pela quantidade de luz do ambiente, onde altas quantidades de luz estimulam sua secreção e sua açã (pt) α-меланоцитстимулирующий гормон, или α-меланотропин, α-мелатропин, сокращённо α-МСГ — один из представителей семейства меланоцитстимулирующих гормонов. Альфа-меланоцитстимулирующий гормон является , производимым кортикотропными клетками средней доли гипофиза в процессе расщепления проопиомеланокортина. Одновременно образуются бета-эндорфин, гамма-липотропный гормон и др. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (en) Hormônio estimulante de alfa-melanócitos (pt) Альфа-меланоцитстимулирующий гормон (ru) Α-黑色素细胞刺激素 (zh) |
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