Atmospheric river (original) (raw)
Os rios atmosféricos, também conhecidos como rios voadores ou rios aéreos, consistem em fluxos concentrados de vapor de água em médios e altos níveis da atmosfera. Embora se use a terminologia "rio" para o fenômeno, os rios atmosféricos são invisíveis e não tem margens claramente definidas, ao contrário do que é observado nos rios terrestres.
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| dbo:abstract | Atmosphärische Flüsse (engl. atmospheric river, AR) ist die Bezeichnung für 400 bis 600 km breite und bis zu mehrere tausend km lange Bänder feuchtigkeitsgesättigter Luft aus den Äquatorialregionen in ca. 1 bis 2,5 km Höhe. In ihnen findet der größte Teil des Feuchtigkeitstransports in der Atmosphäre außerhalb der Tropen statt. An der Westküste der Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika sind solche Strömungen schon länger aufgrund ihrer Herkunft aus der tropischen Meeresregion beispielsweise im mittleren Pazifik und damit aus Hawaii als Ananasexpress (engl. Pineapple Express) bekannt. Ein solcher Ananasexpress bringt normalerweise drei bis fünf Tage heftigen Regen oder Schnee. In extremen Fällen können diese Bänder viel länger sein und sich über einen ganzen Ozean erstrecken. Die geförderte Wassermenge in einem solchen Band kann nach Angaben der National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) das 7,5- bis 15fache der durchschnittlichen Durchflussmenge des Mississippi an seiner Mündung betragen. (de) An atmospheric river (AR) is a narrow corridor or filament of concentrated moisture in the atmosphere. Other names for this phenomenon are tropical plume, tropical connection, moisture plume, water vapor surge, and cloud band. Atmospheric rivers consist of narrow bands of enhanced water vapor transport, typically along the boundaries between large areas of divergent surface air flow, including some frontal zones in association with extratropical cyclones that form over the oceans. Pineapple Express storms are the most commonly represented and recognized type of atmospheric rivers; the name is due to the warm water vapor plumes originating over the Hawaiian tropics that follow various paths towards western North America, arriving at latitudes from California and the Pacific Northwest to British Columbia and even southeast Alaska. (en) Un río atmosférico es una alargada banda de humedad concentrada en la atmósfera, que transporta vapor de agua y agua en forma de nubes, generalmente a lo largo de los límites entre grandes áreas de flujo divergente del aire en superficie, lo que incluye las zonas frontales asociadas a los ciclones extratropicales que se forman sobre los océanos. El término fue acuñado por los investigadores Reginald Newell y Yong Zhu del Instituto Tecnológico de Massachusetts (MIT) a comienzo de la década de 1990, para reflejar lo estrecho de estas corrientes. Los ríos atmosféricos suelen tener varios miles de kilómetros de longitud y algunos cientos de kilómetros de ancho y uno solo de ellos puede llegar a transportar un flujo de agua mucho mayor que el de cualquiera de los grandes ríos de la Tierra, incluso el río Amazonas. Existen entre 3 y 5 de estas corrientes atmosféricas en cada hemisferio en cualquier momento dado. Los ríos atmosféricos tienen un rol central en el ciclo de agua global, ya que representan más del 90% del vapor de agua transportado de norte a sur, aunque solamente cubren menos del 10% de la circunferencia de la Tierra. Además, son los responsables de las precipitaciones, y por ende de las eventuales inundaciones, que ocurren en regiones continentales occidentales de latitudes medias, como la costa oeste de América del Norte, Europa occidental y la costa oeste de África del norte. (es) Une rivière atmosphérique est un corridor étroit ou filament d'humidité concentrée dans l'atmosphère. Ce phénomène consiste en bandes étroites de transport de vapeur d'eau, typiquement le long des frontières entre les grandes zones de circulation d'air, incluant des zones frontales en association avec les cyclones extra-tropicaux qui se forment au-dessus des océans. Ces rivières permettent de produire des précipitations plus importantes que la moyenne lorsqu'elles sont associées à des dépressions des latitude moyennes. Ce phénomène est associé à des événements de pluies abondantes dont les plus connus sont le Pineapple Express sur la côte de l'Amérique du Nord, certains événements de pluie torrentielle sous orage dans la vallée du Mississippi et certaines tempêtes hivernales de la côte ouest de l'Europe. (fr) Os rios atmosféricos, também conhecidos como rios voadores ou rios aéreos, consistem em fluxos concentrados de vapor de água em médios e altos níveis da atmosfera. Embora se use a terminologia "rio" para o fenômeno, os rios atmosféricos são invisíveis e não tem margens claramente definidas, ao contrário do que é observado nos rios terrestres. (pt) 大氣河流，或又稱為大氣長河，是大氣中由高濃度水蒸氣形成的狹窄區域。大氣河流經由狹窄通路輸送水蒸氣，通常沿著大面積的分散表面空氣流動的邊界，包括與在海洋上形成的熱帶氣旋相關的一些額外區域。鳳梨急流是最知名的大氣河流，因從盛產鳳梨的夏威夷群島將水氣帶到美國西岸而得名。 (zh) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://baynature.org/article/when-it-rains-it-pours/ https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2740/climate-change-may-lead-to-bigger-atmospheric-rivers https://cw3e.ucsd.edu/ https://earth.nullschool.net/%23current/wind/surface/level/overlay=precip_3hr/winkel3/ |
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| rdfs:comment | Os rios atmosféricos, também conhecidos como rios voadores ou rios aéreos, consistem em fluxos concentrados de vapor de água em médios e altos níveis da atmosfera. Embora se use a terminologia "rio" para o fenômeno, os rios atmosféricos são invisíveis e não tem margens claramente definidas, ao contrário do que é observado nos rios terrestres. (pt) 大氣河流，或又稱為大氣長河，是大氣中由高濃度水蒸氣形成的狹窄區域。大氣河流經由狹窄通路輸送水蒸氣，通常沿著大面積的分散表面空氣流動的邊界，包括與在海洋上形成的熱帶氣旋相關的一些額外區域。鳳梨急流是最知名的大氣河流，因從盛產鳳梨的夏威夷群島將水氣帶到美國西岸而得名。 (zh) An atmospheric river (AR) is a narrow corridor or filament of concentrated moisture in the atmosphere. Other names for this phenomenon are tropical plume, tropical connection, moisture plume, water vapor surge, and cloud band. (en) Atmosphärische Flüsse (engl. atmospheric river, AR) ist die Bezeichnung für 400 bis 600 km breite und bis zu mehrere tausend km lange Bänder feuchtigkeitsgesättigter Luft aus den Äquatorialregionen in ca. 1 bis 2,5 km Höhe. In ihnen findet der größte Teil des Feuchtigkeitstransports in der Atmosphäre außerhalb der Tropen statt. (de) Un río atmosférico es una alargada banda de humedad concentrada en la atmósfera, que transporta vapor de agua y agua en forma de nubes, generalmente a lo largo de los límites entre grandes áreas de flujo divergente del aire en superficie, lo que incluye las zonas frontales asociadas a los ciclones extratropicales que se forman sobre los océanos. (es) Une rivière atmosphérique est un corridor étroit ou filament d'humidité concentrée dans l'atmosphère. Ce phénomène consiste en bandes étroites de transport de vapeur d'eau, typiquement le long des frontières entre les grandes zones de circulation d'air, incluant des zones frontales en association avec les cyclones extra-tropicaux qui se forment au-dessus des océans. Ces rivières permettent de produire des précipitations plus importantes que la moyenne lorsqu'elles sont associées à des dépressions des latitude moyennes. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Atmosphärischer Fluss (de) Atmospheric river (en) Río atmosférico (es) Rivière atmosphérique (fr) 大気の川 (ja) Atmosferische rivier (nl) Rio atmosférico (pt) 大氣河流 (zh) |
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