Augustin Theiner (original) (raw)
Augustin Theiner (11. dubna 1804, Breslau – 9. srpna 1874, Civitavecchia) byl římskokatolický církevní historik, kanonista, prefekt Tajného vatikánského archivu, konzultor .
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| dbo:abstract | Augustin Theiner (11. dubna 1804, Breslau – 9. srpna 1874, Civitavecchia) byl římskokatolický církevní historik, kanonista, prefekt Tajného vatikánského archivu, konzultor . (cs) Augustin Theiner, Cong.Orat., (11 April 1804, in Breslau – 8 August 1874, in Civitavecchia) was a German theologian and historian. He was the son of a shoemaker. As a boy, he was a pupil at the gymnasium of St. Mathias at Breslau, Silesia, then in the Kingdom of Prussia, and studied theology in the same city. Together with his brother Anthony he wrote, Einfuhrung der erzwungenen Ehelosigkeit bei den Geistlichen (1828). At the advice of this brother he abandoned theology and turned his attention to law, which he studied at Breslau and Halle, and in 1829 he obtained a degree in law at the latter university. He then received a scholarship from the Prussian Government, which enabled him to make researches in Belgium, England, and France as to the sources of Canon law. He finally went to Rome, where he settled permanently. Here, under the influence of Count Reisach, then rector of the Propaganda and later cardinal, the change in his opinions was completed. In 1835, he wrote the Geschichte der geistlichen Bildungsanstalten, and in 1836 the Disquisitiones criticae, on the sources of canon law. Soon after this he became a priest and entered the Oratory of St. Philip Neri. In the succeeding years he wrote the following works: * Die neuesten Zustände der kath. Kirche in Polen und Russland (1841) * Die Rückkehr der regierenden Hauser Braunschweig und Sachsen zur kath. Kirche (1843) * Zustände der kath. Kirche in Schlesien 1740-58 (1846) * Kardinal Frankenberg (1850) He was commissioned by Pope Pius IX, who had given him a position in the Vatican Library in 1850, to write the Geschichte des Pontifikats Klemens XIV (1853; Italian translation, 1855). In this work he showed himself an opponent of the Jesuits, with whom he had been on good terms until 1844, so that the work was forbidden in the States of the Church. In 1855, Pius IX appointed Theiner as Prefect of the Vatican secret archives. He now published his collections of authorities drawn from these: * Die Fortsetzung der Annalen des Baronius (3 vols., 1856) * Vetera monumenta Hungariae (2 vols., 1859–60) * Poloniae et Lithuaniae (4 vols., 1860–64) * Slavorum meridionalium (2 vols., 1863) * Hibernorum et Scotorum (1864) * Codex dominii temporalis apostolicae sedis (3 vols., 1861–62) * Monumenta spectantia ad unionem ecclesiarum Graecae et Romanae (1872). Both before and during the First Vatican Council he was in close connection with the opponents of papal infallibility. Because he communicated to them the order of business of the Council, that had been kept secret, he was deposed from his dignities and offices. Whether he died at peace with the Church is questionable. His correspondence with the Old Catholic scholar, Johann Friedrich, during the years 1870-73 shows that he held the same views as the latter; on the other hand Count asserts that he knew Theiner during this period as a loyal Catholic priest. In any event, he was buried at the Teutonic Cemetery, adjacent to St. Peter's Basilica, which is reserved for German-speaking residents of the city in service to the institutions of the Catholic Church. There is no doubt as to his large scholarship and his services to history. After his death appeared the work, Acta genuina Concilii Tridentini (1874), very imperfectly edited. (en) Augustin Theiner (* 11. April 1804 in Breslau; † 8. oder 9. August 1874 in Civitavecchia) war ein deutscher Kirchenrechtler und Historiker. (de) Augustin Theiner (11 avril 1804 à Breslau en royaume de Prusse – 8 août 1874 à Civitavecchia en Italie) est un théologien et historien allemand. (fr) Augustin Theiner (Breslavia, 11 aprile 1804 – Civitavecchia, 10 agosto 1874) è stato uno storico, teologo e archivista tedesco del XIX secolo. (it) Augustin Theiner, född den 11 april 1804 i Breslau, död den 8 augusti 1874 i Civitavecchia, var en tysk romersk-katolsk teolog, kyrkohistoriker och urkundsutgivare. Theiner blev 1829 juris doktor i Halle. I början hyllade han liksom sin äldre bror Johann Anton Theiner en mera frisinnad riktning inom kyrkan och utgav flera skrifter, vari han bland annat krävde celibatets upphävande. Men sedan han 1833 kommit till Rom, slöt han sig, förtvivlande om en reform och av ruelse över sin dittills innehavda trosståndpunkt, till jesuiterna (se hans Histoire de ma conversion, 1838). Sedermera ingick han i oratorianernas kongregation. År 1855 utnämndes han till prefekt för de vatikanska arkiven, från vilken plats han avskedades i augusti 1870, misstänkt för att ha lämnat de oppositionella biskoparna på Första vatikankonsiliet tillträde till arkivens hemliga handlingar. Sina sista år levde han i övergivenhet i Rom. Som författare och urkundsutgivare utvecklade Theiner en nästan häpnadsväckande flit, i bägge egenskaperna visande sig lika lärd som stridslysten emot protestanterna. Bland hans skrifter kan nämnas Schweden und seine Stellung zum Heiligen Stuhl unter Johann III., Sigismund III. und Karl IX. (Augsburg 1838; fransk översättning i 3 delar, 1842), vilken skrift visserligen, såsom man kunde vänta, är hållen i en något ensidig ultramontan anda, men vars urkundsbilagor är högst upplysande för Sveriges historia, Zustände der katholischen Kirche in Schlesien von 1740-58 (2 band, 1846, 1852) och Geschichte des pontificats Clemens XIV (2 band, 1853). I det sistnämnda arbetet visade sig den förre jesuitvännen så fientlig mot jesuiterna, att boken förbjöds i Kyrkostaten och framkallade många motskrifter. Theiner fortsatte Baronius Annales ecclesiastici samt utgav bland annat "Clementis XIV. epistolae et brevia" (1852), "Codex diplomaticus dominii temporalis Sanctae Sedis" (3 band, 1861 ff.) och urkundssamlingar belysande Frankrikes, Ungerns, Rysslands, Polens, sydslavernas, irländarnas och skottarnas kyrkohistoria. Efter hans död befordrades genom biskop Strossmayers förmedling till trycket "Acta genuina oecumenici concilii Tridentini" et cetera (2 band, 1874), ett viktigt om än ur editionssynpunkt otillfredsställande bidrag till det tridentinska mötets historia. (sv) |
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| rdfs:comment | Augustin Theiner (11. dubna 1804, Breslau – 9. srpna 1874, Civitavecchia) byl římskokatolický církevní historik, kanonista, prefekt Tajného vatikánského archivu, konzultor . (cs) Augustin Theiner (* 11. April 1804 in Breslau; † 8. oder 9. August 1874 in Civitavecchia) war ein deutscher Kirchenrechtler und Historiker. (de) Augustin Theiner (11 avril 1804 à Breslau en royaume de Prusse – 8 août 1874 à Civitavecchia en Italie) est un théologien et historien allemand. (fr) Augustin Theiner (Breslavia, 11 aprile 1804 – Civitavecchia, 10 agosto 1874) è stato uno storico, teologo e archivista tedesco del XIX secolo. (it) Augustin Theiner, Cong.Orat., (11 April 1804, in Breslau – 8 August 1874, in Civitavecchia) was a German theologian and historian. He was the son of a shoemaker. As a boy, he was a pupil at the gymnasium of St. Mathias at Breslau, Silesia, then in the Kingdom of Prussia, and studied theology in the same city. Together with his brother Anthony he wrote, Einfuhrung der erzwungenen Ehelosigkeit bei den Geistlichen (1828). At the advice of this brother he abandoned theology and turned his attention to law, which he studied at Breslau and Halle, and in 1829 he obtained a degree in law at the latter university. He then received a scholarship from the Prussian Government, which enabled him to make researches in Belgium, England, and France as to the sources of Canon law. He finally went to Rome, (en) Augustin Theiner, född den 11 april 1804 i Breslau, död den 8 augusti 1874 i Civitavecchia, var en tysk romersk-katolsk teolog, kyrkohistoriker och urkundsutgivare. Theiner blev 1829 juris doktor i Halle. I början hyllade han liksom sin äldre bror Johann Anton Theiner en mera frisinnad riktning inom kyrkan och utgav flera skrifter, vari han bland annat krävde celibatets upphävande. Men sedan han 1833 kommit till Rom, slöt han sig, förtvivlande om en reform och av ruelse över sin dittills innehavda trosståndpunkt, till jesuiterna (se hans Histoire de ma conversion, 1838). Sedermera ingick han i oratorianernas kongregation. År 1855 utnämndes han till prefekt för de vatikanska arkiven, från vilken plats han avskedades i augusti 1870, misstänkt för att ha lämnat de oppositionella biskoparna p (sv) |
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