Australian Aboriginal sign languages (original) (raw)
Gebärdensprachen der Aborigines sind lautsprachbegleitende Gebärden der Aborigines, der Ureinwohner von Australien.
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| dbo:abstract | Many Australian Aboriginal cultures have or traditionally had a manually coded language, a signed counterpart of their oral language. This appears to be connected with various speech taboos between certain kin or at particular times, such as during a mourning period for women or during initiation ceremonies for men, as was also the case with Caucasian Sign Language but not Plains Indian Sign Language, which did not involve speech taboo, or deaf sign languages, which are not encodings of oral language. There is some similarity between neighboring groups and some contact pidgin similar to Plains Indian Sign Language in the American Great Plains. Sign languages appear to be most developed in areas with the most extensive speech taboos: the central desert (particularly among the Warlpiri and Warumungu), and western Cape York. Complex gestural systems have also been reported in the southern, central, and western desert regions, the Gulf of Carpentaria (including north-east Arnhem Land and the Tiwi Islands), some Torres Strait Islands, and the southern regions of the Fitzmaurice and Kimberley areas. Evidence for sign languages elsewhere is slim, but they have been noted as far south as the south coast (Jaralde Sign Language) and there are even some accounts from the first few years of the 20th century of the use of sign by people from the south west coast. However, many of the codes are now extinct, and very few accounts have recorded any detail. Reports on the status of deaf members of such Aboriginal communities differ, with some writers lauding the inclusion of deaf people in mainstream cultural life, while others indicate that deaf people do not learn the sign language and, like other deaf people isolated in hearing cultures, develop a simple system of home sign to communicate with their immediate family. However, an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander dialect of Auslan exists in Far North Queensland (extending from Yarrabah to Cape York), which is heavily influenced by the indigenous sign languages and gestural systems of the region. Sign languages were noted in north Queensland as early as 1908 (Roth). Early research into indigenous sign was done by the American linguist La Mont West, and later, in more depth, by English linguist Adam Kendon. (en) Gebärdensprachen der Aborigines sind lautsprachbegleitende Gebärden der Aborigines, der Ureinwohner von Australien. (de) Muitas culturas aborígenes australianas têm uma linguagem cifrada manualmente, uma língua de sinais como contrapartida da sua linguagem oral. Isto parece estar relacionado com vários tipos de "discurso evasivo" (tabus da fala) entre certos parentes ou em determinados períodos, como durante um período de luto para as mulheres ou durante as cerimônias de iniciação para os homens, como já ocorreu também a língua gestual armeniana das mulheres, mas ao contrário de língua gestual dos Índios das Planícies, que não envolviam um discurso tabu ou uma linguagem gestual para surdos, que não são codificações da linguagem oral. Há alguma semelhança entre os grupos vizinhos, e alguns pidgins como ocorre com aquelas dos índios das grandes planícies dos Estados Unidos. As línguas de sinais parecem ser mais desenvolvidas nas áreas onde há uso mais extenso de tabus da fala: o deserto central (particularmente entre os e ) e no oeste da [[Península do Cabo York . Sistemas gestuais complexos também têm sido relatados nas regiões desérticas do sul, central e ocidental, no Golfo de Carpentária (incluindo o nordeste da Terra de Arnhem e na Ilha Melville (Austrália)), algumas Ilhas do Estreito de Torres, regiões do sul do Fitzmaurice e áreas de [[Kimberley (Austrália Ocidental). Evidências de línguas de sinais em outros lugares são menores, embora tenham sido observados até o sul da costa sul (língua Jaralde de sinais) e há mesmo alguns relatos desde os primeiros anos do século XX do uso de sinais por povos do sul costa oeste. No entanto, muitas dessas línguas de sinais já estão extintas, e de muito poucas há bons detalhes registrados. Os relatórios sobre o status dos membros surdos dessas diferentes comunidades indígenas com alguns escritores louvando a inclusão das pessoas surdas na vida cultural das comunidades, enquanto outros indicam que os surdos não aprendem a língua de sinais e, como outras pessoas surdas isolados em culturas de audição, desenvolveram um sistema simples de sinal doméstico para se comunicar com sua família. No entanto, um dialeto aborígene australiano de uma ilha do estreito de Torres, Auslan é falado e entendido no extremo norte de Queensland (entre Yarrabah e Cabo York), que é fortemente influenciado pelas línguas de sinais indígenas e sistemas gestuais da região. Línguas de sinais foram observados no norte de Queensland desde 1908 (Roth). As primeiras pesquisas em sobre línguas indígenas de sinais foram feitas pelo linguista americano La Mont West e, mais tarde, com mais profundidade, pelo linguista inglês Adam Kendon. (pt) Же́стовые языки́ австрали́йских абориге́нов (Australian Aborigines Sign Language) — группа жестовых языков, которые распространены на юге Австралии: центральные и западные пустынные регионы, побережье Арнем-Ленд; северные прибрежные острова, Острова Торресова пролива; западный берег полуострова Кейп-Йорк. Не родственны ауслану. Языки жестов используются слышащими аборигенами в качестве альтернативной формы общения с носителями других языков, а также для общения при табуировании речи в различных случаях. Некоторые жестовые языки используются во времена траура и охоты, например, племенами аранда, вальбири, варумунгу, а также несколько таких жестовых языков используют глухие. Как и у индейцев, существует общий язык жестов для общения между представителями разных языковых групп. Жестовые языки были отмечены на севере Квинсленда уже в 1908 году (Roth). Ранние исследования жестовых языков коренного населения были сделаны американским лингвистом Ла-Монтом Уэстом, а позже, более подробно, английским лингвистом . (ru) |
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| dbp:family | Manual encoding of various Australian languages (en) |
| dbp:familycolor | Sign (en) |
| dbp:glotto | aust1253 (en) |
| dbp:glottorefname | Australian Aborigines Sign Language (en) |
| dbp:iso | asw (en) |
| dbp:name | Australian Aboriginal sign (en) |
| dbp:region | across Australia (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Gebärdensprachen der Aborigines sind lautsprachbegleitende Gebärden der Aborigines, der Ureinwohner von Australien. (de) Many Australian Aboriginal cultures have or traditionally had a manually coded language, a signed counterpart of their oral language. This appears to be connected with various speech taboos between certain kin or at particular times, such as during a mourning period for women or during initiation ceremonies for men, as was also the case with Caucasian Sign Language but not Plains Indian Sign Language, which did not involve speech taboo, or deaf sign languages, which are not encodings of oral language. There is some similarity between neighboring groups and some contact pidgin similar to Plains Indian Sign Language in the American Great Plains. (en) Muitas culturas aborígenes australianas têm uma linguagem cifrada manualmente, uma língua de sinais como contrapartida da sua linguagem oral. Isto parece estar relacionado com vários tipos de "discurso evasivo" (tabus da fala) entre certos parentes ou em determinados períodos, como durante um período de luto para as mulheres ou durante as cerimônias de iniciação para os homens, como já ocorreu também a língua gestual armeniana das mulheres, mas ao contrário de língua gestual dos Índios das Planícies, que não envolviam um discurso tabu ou uma linguagem gestual para surdos, que não são codificações da linguagem oral. Há alguma semelhança entre os grupos vizinhos, e alguns pidgins como ocorre com aquelas dos índios das grandes planícies dos Estados Unidos. (pt) Же́стовые языки́ австрали́йских абориге́нов (Australian Aborigines Sign Language) — группа жестовых языков, которые распространены на юге Австралии: центральные и западные пустынные регионы, побережье Арнем-Ленд; северные прибрежные острова, Острова Торресова пролива; западный берег полуострова Кейп-Йорк. Не родственны ауслану. Жестовые языки были отмечены на севере Квинсленда уже в 1908 году (Roth). Ранние исследования жестовых языков коренного населения были сделаны американским лингвистом Ла-Монтом Уэстом, а позже, более подробно, английским лингвистом . (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Australian Aboriginal sign languages (en) Gebärdensprachen der Aborigines (de) Línguas de sinais de aborígenes australianos (pt) Жестовые языки австралийских аборигенов (ru) |
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