Battle of Monte Grappa (original) (raw)
La seconda battaglia del monte Grappa fu uno scontro verificatosi nell'ambito della battaglia di Vittorio Veneto, iniziato per mano italiana con l'obiettivo di attaccare l'esercito austro-ungarico su un altro fronte (quello del Grappa, appunto) oltre a quello del Piave. Il Regio Esercito, dopo giorni di attacchi logoranti per entrambe le parti, riuscì ad avere la meglio quando il nemico iniziò una ritirata che si trasformò in rotta.
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| dbo:abstract | The Battles of Monte Grappa were a series of three battles which were fought during World War I between the armies of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy for control of the Monte Grappa massif, as it covered the left flank of the Italian Piave front. The first of these battles became the most famous as it brought the Austrian advance to a halt following the Austrian summer offensive of 1917. The Italian Chief of the general staff general Luigi Cadorna had ordered to construct fortified defenses on the Monte Grappa summit to make the mountain an impregnable fortress. When the Austrian summer offensive of 1917 routed the Italians, Cadorna's foresight saved Italy from total defeat, as the Austrians, with help from the German Army's Alpenkorps failed to take the mountain's summit during the first battle of Monte Grappa from November 11, 1917, to December 23, 1917. Thus, the Italian front along the Piave river was stabilized and, although the Austrians could see Venice from their positions, they would never reach it. Italian casualties totaled 12,000 and Austrian casualties 21,000. The second battle of Monte Grappa was complementary to the wider Austrian summer offensive of 1918, which was the last offensive operation of the Austro–Hungarian Army in World War I. The third battle of Monte Grappa started on October 24, 1918, as part of the final Italian offensive of the war, when 9 Italian divisions attacked the Austrian positions on Monte Grappa. The Austrians answered by increasing their forces on the mountain from 9 to 15 divisions and thus committing all remaining reserves. But the worn down Austrian Army began a general retreat on October 28, when Czechoslovakia declared independence from Austria-Hungary. (en) La seconda battaglia del monte Grappa fu uno scontro verificatosi nell'ambito della battaglia di Vittorio Veneto, iniziato per mano italiana con l'obiettivo di attaccare l'esercito austro-ungarico su un altro fronte (quello del Grappa, appunto) oltre a quello del Piave. Il Regio Esercito, dopo giorni di attacchi logoranti per entrambe le parti, riuscì ad avere la meglio quando il nemico iniziò una ritirata che si trasformò in rotta. (it) Bitwy o Monte Grappa były serią trzech bitew, które toczyły się podczas I wojny światowej pomiędzy armiami Austro-Węgier a Królestwem Włoch o kontrolę nad masywem Monte Grappa. Pierwsza z trzech bitew była najsławniejsza, ponieważ zatrzymała ofensywę Austrii podczas austriackiej letniej ofensywy w 1917 roku. Szef włoskiego sztabu generalnego – Luigi Cadorna – nakazał zbudować fortyfikacje na szczycie Monte Grappa, aby z góry zrobić twierdzę, która byłaby nie do zdobycia. Kiedy austriacka letnia ofensywa w 1917 rozgromiła Włochów, przewidywanie Cadorna uratowała Włochy od totalnej klęski, ponieważ Austriacy z pomocą niemieckiej armii Deutsches Alpenkorps nie zdołali zdobyć szczytu góry podczas pierwszej bitwy o Monte Grappa od 11 listopada 1917 roku do 23 grudnia tego samego roku. W ten sposób front włoski wzdłuż rzeki Piawa ustabilizował się i chociaż Austriacy widzieli Wenecję ze swoich pozycji, nigdy jej nie zdobyli Druga bitwa o Monte Grappa była uzupełnieniem szerszej ofensywy austriackiej w 1918 roku, która była ostatnią operacją ofensywną armii Austro-Węgierskiej w I wojnie światowej. Trzecia bitwa o Monte Grappa rozpoczęła się 24 października 1918 roku w ramach ostatniej włoskiej ofensywy, kiedy to dziewięć dywizji włoskich zaatakowało austriackie pozycje na Monte Grappa. Austriacy natychmiast zwiększyli swoje siły na górze od dziewięciu do piętnastu dywizji, tym samym angażując wszystkie pozostałe rezerwy, ale zniszczona armia austriacka rozpoczęła odwrót 28 października, kiedy Czechosłowacja ogłosiła niepodległość od Austro-Węgier. (pl) |
| dbo:causalties | 21,000 during the first battle, 34,000 during the third battle |
| dbo:combatant | ( (1917 only) |
| dbo:commander | dbr:Archduke_Eugen_of_Austria dbr:Armando_Diaz dbr:Arthur_Arz_von_Straußenburg |
| dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict | dbr:Italian_Campaign_(World_War_I) |
| dbo:place | dbr:Monte_Grappa |
| dbo:result | Italian victory |
| dbo:strength | 120,000 134,000 |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Vista_dal_monte_grappa.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.montegrappa.org/english/storia_eng/story_home_eng.php https://help.ea.com/en-ca/help/battlefield/battlefield-1/battlefield-1-avanti-savoia/ |
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| dbp:casualties | 12000 (xsd:integer) 21000 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:combatant | ( ) (en) |
| dbp:commander | dbr:Archduke_Eugen_of_Austria dbr:Armando_Diaz dbr:Arthur_Arz_von_Straußenburg |
| dbp:conflict | Battles of Monte Grappa (en) |
| dbp:date | end of 1917 , June 1918 and end of 1918 (en) |
| dbp:partof | the Italian Front of the First World War (en) |
| dbp:place | Monte Grappa, Italy (en) |
| dbp:result | Italian victory (en) |
| dbp:strength | 120000 (xsd:integer) 134000 (xsd:integer) |
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| rdfs:comment | La seconda battaglia del monte Grappa fu uno scontro verificatosi nell'ambito della battaglia di Vittorio Veneto, iniziato per mano italiana con l'obiettivo di attaccare l'esercito austro-ungarico su un altro fronte (quello del Grappa, appunto) oltre a quello del Piave. Il Regio Esercito, dopo giorni di attacchi logoranti per entrambe le parti, riuscì ad avere la meglio quando il nemico iniziò una ritirata che si trasformò in rotta. (it) The Battles of Monte Grappa were a series of three battles which were fought during World War I between the armies of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy for control of the Monte Grappa massif, as it covered the left flank of the Italian Piave front. The second battle of Monte Grappa was complementary to the wider Austrian summer offensive of 1918, which was the last offensive operation of the Austro–Hungarian Army in World War I. (en) Bitwy o Monte Grappa były serią trzech bitew, które toczyły się podczas I wojny światowej pomiędzy armiami Austro-Węgier a Królestwem Włoch o kontrolę nad masywem Monte Grappa. Pierwsza z trzech bitew była najsławniejsza, ponieważ zatrzymała ofensywę Austrii podczas austriackiej letniej ofensywy w 1917 roku. Szef włoskiego sztabu generalnego – Luigi Cadorna – nakazał zbudować fortyfikacje na szczycie Monte Grappa, aby z góry zrobić twierdzę, która byłaby nie do zdobycia. Kiedy austriacka letnia ofensywa w 1917 rozgromiła Włochów, przewidywanie Cadorna uratowała Włochy od totalnej klęski, ponieważ Austriacy z pomocą niemieckiej armii Deutsches Alpenkorps nie zdołali zdobyć szczytu góry podczas pierwszej bitwy o Monte Grappa od 11 listopada 1917 roku do 23 grudnia tego samego roku. W ten spo (pl) |
| rdfs:label | Battle of Monte Grappa (en) Seconda battaglia del monte Grappa (it) Bitwa o Monte Grappa (pl) |
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| foaf:name | Battles of Monte Grappa (1917–1918) (en) |
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