Boris Belousov (chemist) (original) (raw)
Boris Pavlovich Belousov (en ruso, Борис Павлович Белоусов; Moscú 12 de febrero de 1893 - Moscú 12 de junio de 1970) fue un químico y biofísico soviético, descubridor de la reacción de Belousov-Zhabotinsky (o reacción BZ) a mediados del siglo XX. Su trabajo inició las condiciones de la moderna química dinámica no lineal (dinámica molecular no lineal o termodinámica).
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| dbo:abstract | Boris Pawlowitsch Beloussow (russisch Борис Павлович Белоусов; * 7. Februarjul. / 19. Februar 1893greg. in Moskau; † 12. Juni 1970 ebenda) war ein russischer Chemiker und Biophysiker. Er studierte Chemie an der Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule in Zürich, erlangte aber aus finanziellen Gründen keinen Abschluss. Zu Beginn des Ersten Weltkrieges kehrte er nach Russland zurück und arbeitete bis 1939 in einer Forschungseinrichtung des Militärs. Danach leitete er ein Labor im Institut für Biophysik des Ministeriums für Gesundheitswesen in Moskau. Für die Entdeckung der Belousov-Zhabotinsky-Reaktion (in der Wissenschaft übliche englische Transkription des Namens) ist er 1980 postum mit der Lenin-Medaille ausgezeichnet worden. Diese oszillierende chemische Reaktion erschien damals so ungewöhnlich, dass Beloussow sie erst mit zehnjähriger Verspätung 1959 veröffentlichen konnte. Fünf Jahre später wurde sie von Anatoli Markowitsch Schabotinski näher untersucht und als Nichtgleichgewichtsphänomen erkannt. Später spielte sie eine herausragende Rolle in den einschlägigen Untersuchungen dazu in der Schule von Ilya Prigogine in Brüssel. (de) Boris Pavlovich Belousov (Russian: Бори́с Па́влович Белоу́сов; 19 February 1893 – 12 June 1970) was a Soviet chemist and biophysicist who discovered the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction (BZ reaction) in the early 1950s. His work initiated the field of modern nonlinear chemical dynamics. The Belousov family had strong anti-Tsarist sympathies and, after the Russian Revolution of 1905, they were arrested and later forced to leave the country. They settled in Switzerland, where Boris studied chemistry in Zürich. Returning to Russia at the beginning of World War I, Belousov tried to join the army, but was denied for health reasons. He took up a job in a military lab under the direction of the chemist Vladimir Ipatiev. His value to the institute is indicated by the high military rank, Brigade Commander, roughly corresponding to General, that he attained. After leaving the military, he took a job in the Laboratory of Biophysics in the Ministry of Health of the USSR, where he worked in toxicology. It was while seeking an inorganic analog of the biochemical citric acid cycle that Belousov chanced to discover an oscillating chemical reaction. He tried twice over a period of six years to publish his findings, but the incredulous editors of the journals to which he submitted his articles rejected his work as "impossible". He took this very hard. The biochemist Simon El'evich Shnoll, at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics in Pushchino, heard of Belousov's work and tried to encourage him to continue. Belousov gave Shnoll some of his experimental notes and agreed to publish an article in a rather obscure, non-reviewed, journal, but then essentially quit science. Shnoll gave the project to a graduate student, Anatol Zhabotinsky, who investigated the reaction in detail and succeeded in publishing his results. The reaction now bears the names of both Belousov and Zhabotinsky. Belousov was posthumously awarded the Lenin Prize in 1980 for his work on the BZ reaction. (en) Boris Pavlovich Belousov (en ruso, Борис Павлович Белоусов; Moscú 12 de febrero de 1893 - Moscú 12 de junio de 1970) fue un químico y biofísico soviético, descubridor de la reacción de Belousov-Zhabotinsky (o reacción BZ) a mediados del siglo XX. Su trabajo inició las condiciones de la moderna química dinámica no lineal (dinámica molecular no lineal o termodinámica). (es) Boris Pavlovitch Belooussov (en russe: Борис Павлович Белоусов; Белоусов) (19 février 1893 - 12 juin 1970) est un chimiste et biophysicien soviétique qui a découvert la réaction de Belooussov-Jabotinski (ou réaction BZ, pour l'anglais Belousov-Zhabotinsky) au début des années 1950. Ses travaux furent la base de la cinétique chimique non linéaire moderne. (fr) Boris Pavlovič Belousov (in russo: Борис Павлович Белоусов?; Mosca, 19 febbraio 1893 – Mosca, 12 giugno 1970) è stato un chimico e biofisico sovietico, noto per aver scoperto la reazione di Belousov-Zhabotinsky nei primi anni cinquanta. Il suo lavoro segnò l'inizio della moderna dinamica molecolare non lineare. (it) Бори́с Па́влович Белоу́сов (19 февраля 1893, Москва — 12 июня 1970, там же) — советский химик и биофизик. (ru) |
| dbo:academicDiscipline | dbr:Toxicology |
| dbo:award | dbr:Lenin_Prize |
| dbo:birthDate | 1893-02-19 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:birthName | Boris Pavlovich Belousov (en) |
| dbo:birthPlace | dbr:Russian_Empire dbr:Moscow |
| dbo:deathDate | 1970-06-12 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:deathPlace | dbr:Moscow dbr:Soviet_Union |
| dbo:influenced | dbr:Anatol_Zhabotinsky |
| dbo:influencedBy | dbr:Simon_El'evich_Shnoll |
| dbo:institution | dbr:Ministry_of_Health_of_the_USSR |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Boris_Pavlovich_Belousov_2.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://him.1september.ru/2003/38/4.htm http://www.znanie-sila.ru/projects/issue_87.html http://www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/19178/ https://web.archive.org/web/20080318133647/http:/www.znanie-sila.ru/projects/issue_87.html |
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| dbp:awards | Lenin Prize, 1980 (en) |
| dbp:birthDate | 1893-02-19 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:birthName | Boris Pavlovich Belousov (en) |
| dbp:birthPlace | dbr:Russian_Empire dbr:Moscow |
| dbp:caption | 1930.0 |
| dbp:deathDate | 1970-06-12 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:deathPlace | Moscow, Soviet Union (en) |
| dbp:fields | Toxicology, oscillating chemical reactions (en) |
| dbp:influenced | dbr:Anatol_Zhabotinsky |
| dbp:influences | dbr:Simon_El'evich_Shnoll |
| dbp:name | Boris Belousov (en) |
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| dbp:workplaces | Zürich, Military laboratory of the USSR, Ministry of Health of the USSR (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Boris Pavlovich Belousov (en ruso, Борис Павлович Белоусов; Moscú 12 de febrero de 1893 - Moscú 12 de junio de 1970) fue un químico y biofísico soviético, descubridor de la reacción de Belousov-Zhabotinsky (o reacción BZ) a mediados del siglo XX. Su trabajo inició las condiciones de la moderna química dinámica no lineal (dinámica molecular no lineal o termodinámica). (es) Boris Pavlovitch Belooussov (en russe: Борис Павлович Белоусов; Белоусов) (19 février 1893 - 12 juin 1970) est un chimiste et biophysicien soviétique qui a découvert la réaction de Belooussov-Jabotinski (ou réaction BZ, pour l'anglais Belousov-Zhabotinsky) au début des années 1950. Ses travaux furent la base de la cinétique chimique non linéaire moderne. (fr) Boris Pavlovič Belousov (in russo: Борис Павлович Белоусов?; Mosca, 19 febbraio 1893 – Mosca, 12 giugno 1970) è stato un chimico e biofisico sovietico, noto per aver scoperto la reazione di Belousov-Zhabotinsky nei primi anni cinquanta. Il suo lavoro segnò l'inizio della moderna dinamica molecolare non lineare. (it) Бори́с Па́влович Белоу́сов (19 февраля 1893, Москва — 12 июня 1970, там же) — советский химик и биофизик. (ru) Boris Pawlowitsch Beloussow (russisch Борис Павлович Белоусов; * 7. Februarjul. / 19. Februar 1893greg. in Moskau; † 12. Juni 1970 ebenda) war ein russischer Chemiker und Biophysiker. Er studierte Chemie an der Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule in Zürich, erlangte aber aus finanziellen Gründen keinen Abschluss. Zu Beginn des Ersten Weltkrieges kehrte er nach Russland zurück und arbeitete bis 1939 in einer Forschungseinrichtung des Militärs. Danach leitete er ein Labor im Institut für Biophysik des Ministeriums für Gesundheitswesen in Moskau. (de) Boris Pavlovich Belousov (Russian: Бори́с Па́влович Белоу́сов; 19 February 1893 – 12 June 1970) was a Soviet chemist and biophysicist who discovered the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction (BZ reaction) in the early 1950s. His work initiated the field of modern nonlinear chemical dynamics. The Belousov family had strong anti-Tsarist sympathies and, after the Russian Revolution of 1905, they were arrested and later forced to leave the country. They settled in Switzerland, where Boris studied chemistry in Zürich. Belousov was posthumously awarded the Lenin Prize in 1980 for his work on the BZ reaction. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Boris Pawlowitsch Beloussow (de) Boris Belousov (chemist) (en) Borís Pávlovich Beloúsov (es) Boris Pavlovič Belousov (it) Boris Pavlovitch Belooussov (fr) Белоусов, Борис Павлович (ru) |
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