Chaonians (original) (raw)
Els caons (en llatí: chaoni en grec antic Χάονες) eren una tribu de l'Epir que vivia a la zona costanera enfront de l'illa de Còrcira. El país es deia Caònia. Van exercir la supremacia al Regne de l'Epir tot el segle V i la meitat del segle iv aC, substituint als thesprotis, però van ser suplantats pels molossos, segons Estrabó.
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| dbo:abstract | Els caons (en llatí: chaoni en grec antic Χάονες) eren una tribu de l'Epir que vivia a la zona costanera enfront de l'illa de Còrcira. El país es deia Caònia. Van exercir la supremacia al Regne de l'Epir tot el segle V i la meitat del segle iv aC, substituint als thesprotis, però van ser suplantats pels molossos, segons Estrabó. (ca) Οι Χάονες ήταν ένα από τα αρχαία ελληνικά φύλα που εγκαταστάθηκαν στην περιοχή της Αρχαίας Ηπείρου, και συγκεκριμένα στα βορειοδυτικά της. Υποστηρίζεται ότι η ελληνική μειονότητα της Βορείου Ηπείρου είναι απόγονοι των αρχαίων Χαόνων. Γεωγραφικά, η Χαονία εκτεινόταν στη σημερινή νοτιοδυτική Αλβανία, φραγμένη από τα βόρεια και βορειοανατολικά από τα Κεραύνια όρη, και επίσης περιελάμβανε το βόρειο κομμάτι του νομού Θεσπρωτίας (με νότιο σύνορο τον ποταμό Καλαμά/Θυάμη), και περιλαμβάνει τις παράκτιες περιοχές Ωρικού, Χειμάρρας, Ογχησμού (σύγχρονων Αγίων Σαράντα) και Βουθρωτού στην Αδριατική θάλασσα και στο Ιόνιο πέλαγος. Πρωτεύουσα της Χαονίας ήταν η Φοινίκη (σύγχρονη Finiq), πρωτεύουσα αργότερα του Κοινού των Ηπειρωτών. Στην ηπειρωτική ενδοχώρα οι Δέξαροι (ή Δασσαρέται) που κατοικούσαν στο όρος Άμυρον (σημ. Τομόρι) και εκτείνονταν ως το νότιο πέρας της λίμνης Λιχνήτιδος (σημ. Αχρίδα), ήταν η βορειότερη από τις φυλές της ομάδας των Χαόνων. Κατά την περίοδο αυτή της ακμής τους οι Χάονες κατείχαν ασφαλώς την πεδιάδα της Κορυτσάς. Δεδομένου ότι ο τύμβος ΙΙ στη θέση Κούτσι, κοντά στην Κορυτσά, περιείχε ταφές νέων ηγεμόνων της περιόδου 650-500 π.Χ. περίπου, η αρχή της επεκτάσεως των Χαόνων μπορεί να χρονολογηθεί στις αρχές του 7ου αι. π.Χ. Η εξουσία της ομάδας των Χαόνων μπορεί να εκτεινόταν εκείνο το διάστημα και επί των Μολοσσών. (el) Die Chaonier (altgriechisch Χάονες; lateinisch Chaones) waren einer der drei großen griechischen Stämme von Epirus, aus denen sich in antiker Zeit die Bevölkerung von Epirus zusammensetzte. Sie lebten in der nach ihnen benannten Landschaft Chaonia, die sich gegenüber der Insel Korfu an der Küste des Ionischen Meeres heute teils in Albanien, teils in Griechenland befindet. Im Südosten grenzte das Gebiet der Chaonier an das der Molosser und im Süden an die Thesproter. Hauptorte der Chaonier waren Buthroton (Butrint), Phoinike und . Im 5. Jahrhundert v. Chr. befanden sich die Chaonier in fortdauernden Auseinandersetzungen mit den Griechen von Korfu. Letzteren gelang es, sich an der Küste festzusetzen und Butrint sowie einige weitere feste Plätze im Gebiet der Chaonier zu beherrschen. Im Jahr 429 v. Chr. wurden die Chaonier in der Schlacht von Stratos durch die Akarnanen besiegt. Zu dieser Zeit lebten sie anscheinend bereits in einer Adelsrepublik (vergleiche Thukydides II, 80). Chaonier lebten neben anderen Stämmen auch in der südlichen Hälfte Unteritaliens. Die Landschaft zwischen Kroton und wird nach ihnen Chonia genannt. Ob überhaupt und wenn, welche Beziehungen zwischen den gleichnamigen Stämmen beiderseits des Meeres bestanden, lässt sich anhand der spärlichen historischen Quellen nicht belegen. Die epirotischen Chaonier waren als Mitglieder das Bundes der Epiroten lange Zeit (Mitte des 4. Jahrhunderts. bis 231 v. Chr.) dem Königreich der Molosser assoziiert. Nach Abschaffung des Königtums in Epirus gehörten sie dem republikanischen Koinon der Epiroten an. Unmittelbar vor Ausbruch des dritten Makedonischen Krieges (172–168 v. Chr.) wurden die Epiroten zur Unterstützung Roms aufgerufen, was eine Spaltung des Bundes zur Folge hatte. Während die Molosser den Makedonen beistanden, stellten sich die Thesproter und Chaonier unter dem Fürsten (oder Hegemon) Charops auf die Seite der Römer. Nach Kriegsende blieben die Chaonier wie die übrigen Epiroten unter der römischen Vorherrschaft. 148 v. Chr. wurde ihr Gebiet in die römische Provinz Macedonia integriert. (de) The Chaonians (Ancient Greek: Χάονες, romanized: Cháones) were an ancient Greek tribe that inhabited the region of Epirus currently part of north-western Greece and southern Albania. Together with the Molossians and the Thesprotians, they formed the main tribes of the northwestern Greek group. On their southern frontier lay the Epirote kingdom of the Molossians, to their southwest stood the kingdom of the Thesprotians, and to their north were various Illyrian tribes, as well as the polis of Apollonia. By the 5th century BC, they had conquered and combined to a large degree with the neighboring Thesprotians and Molossians. The Chaonians were part of the Epirote League until 170 BC when their territory was annexed by the Roman Republic. (en) Los caonios (en griego antiguo, Χάονες, Chaones), eran un antiguo pueblo griego que habitó la región del Epiro en el noroeste de la Grecia moderna y el sur de Albania. Hablaban el griego del noroeste, un dialecto del griego dorico. Sus fronteras eran, al sur con el reino de los molosos, al suroeste con el reino de los tesprotos, y al norte con las tribus bárbaras de Iliria. Según Virgilio, era el antepasado epónimo de la Caonios. En el siglo V a. C., se habían aliado con sus vecinos los tesprotos y los molosos. Los caonios formaron parte de la liga epirota hasta el 170 a. C., cuando su territorio fue anexado por la República romana. (es) Les Chaoniens ou Chaones (en grec ancien Χάονες / Chaones) sont dans l'Antiquité une tribu (ethnè) grecque d'Épire. Ils sont l'une des trois principales tribus d'Épire avec les Molosses et les Thesprotes. (fr) I Caoni (in greco antico: Χάονες, Cháones) erano un'antica tribù epirota che abitava la Caonia, una regione dell'antico Epiro, tra l'attuale Grecia nord-occidentale e l'Albania meridionale. Confinavano a sud con il regno dei Tesprozi, a sud-est con il regno dei Molossi e a nord con le tribù illiriche. I Caoni fecero parte della Lega epirota fino al 170 a.C. quando il loro territorio fu annesso alla Repubblica romana. (it) caônios (em grego: Χάονες; romaniz.: Chaones) foram uma antiga tribo grega que habitou o Epiro, na região da Caônia, localizado atualmente no noroeste da moderna Grécia e sul da Albânia. Na fronteira sul deles ficava outra tribo epirota, a dos molossos, e ao norte viviam as tribos ilírias. Segundo Virgílio, Caão foi um ancestral epônimo dos caônios. Pelo século V a.C., conquistaram e combinaram-se em grande escala com os vizinhos e molossos. Os caônios fizeram parte da até 170 a.C. quando o território deles foi anexado pela República Romana. (pt) |
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| rdfs:comment | Els caons (en llatí: chaoni en grec antic Χάονες) eren una tribu de l'Epir que vivia a la zona costanera enfront de l'illa de Còrcira. El país es deia Caònia. Van exercir la supremacia al Regne de l'Epir tot el segle V i la meitat del segle iv aC, substituint als thesprotis, però van ser suplantats pels molossos, segons Estrabó. (ca) The Chaonians (Ancient Greek: Χάονες, romanized: Cháones) were an ancient Greek tribe that inhabited the region of Epirus currently part of north-western Greece and southern Albania. Together with the Molossians and the Thesprotians, they formed the main tribes of the northwestern Greek group. On their southern frontier lay the Epirote kingdom of the Molossians, to their southwest stood the kingdom of the Thesprotians, and to their north were various Illyrian tribes, as well as the polis of Apollonia. By the 5th century BC, they had conquered and combined to a large degree with the neighboring Thesprotians and Molossians. The Chaonians were part of the Epirote League until 170 BC when their territory was annexed by the Roman Republic. (en) Los caonios (en griego antiguo, Χάονες, Chaones), eran un antiguo pueblo griego que habitó la región del Epiro en el noroeste de la Grecia moderna y el sur de Albania. Hablaban el griego del noroeste, un dialecto del griego dorico. Sus fronteras eran, al sur con el reino de los molosos, al suroeste con el reino de los tesprotos, y al norte con las tribus bárbaras de Iliria. Según Virgilio, era el antepasado epónimo de la Caonios. En el siglo V a. C., se habían aliado con sus vecinos los tesprotos y los molosos. Los caonios formaron parte de la liga epirota hasta el 170 a. C., cuando su territorio fue anexado por la República romana. (es) Les Chaoniens ou Chaones (en grec ancien Χάονες / Chaones) sont dans l'Antiquité une tribu (ethnè) grecque d'Épire. Ils sont l'une des trois principales tribus d'Épire avec les Molosses et les Thesprotes. (fr) I Caoni (in greco antico: Χάονες, Cháones) erano un'antica tribù epirota che abitava la Caonia, una regione dell'antico Epiro, tra l'attuale Grecia nord-occidentale e l'Albania meridionale. Confinavano a sud con il regno dei Tesprozi, a sud-est con il regno dei Molossi e a nord con le tribù illiriche. I Caoni fecero parte della Lega epirota fino al 170 a.C. quando il loro territorio fu annesso alla Repubblica romana. (it) caônios (em grego: Χάονες; romaniz.: Chaones) foram uma antiga tribo grega que habitou o Epiro, na região da Caônia, localizado atualmente no noroeste da moderna Grécia e sul da Albânia. Na fronteira sul deles ficava outra tribo epirota, a dos molossos, e ao norte viviam as tribos ilírias. Segundo Virgílio, Caão foi um ancestral epônimo dos caônios. Pelo século V a.C., conquistaram e combinaram-se em grande escala com os vizinhos e molossos. Os caônios fizeram parte da até 170 a.C. quando o território deles foi anexado pela República Romana. (pt) Οι Χάονες ήταν ένα από τα αρχαία ελληνικά φύλα που εγκαταστάθηκαν στην περιοχή της Αρχαίας Ηπείρου, και συγκεκριμένα στα βορειοδυτικά της. Υποστηρίζεται ότι η ελληνική μειονότητα της Βορείου Ηπείρου είναι απόγονοι των αρχαίων Χαόνων. (el) Die Chaonier (altgriechisch Χάονες; lateinisch Chaones) waren einer der drei großen griechischen Stämme von Epirus, aus denen sich in antiker Zeit die Bevölkerung von Epirus zusammensetzte. Sie lebten in der nach ihnen benannten Landschaft Chaonia, die sich gegenüber der Insel Korfu an der Küste des Ionischen Meeres heute teils in Albanien, teils in Griechenland befindet. Im Südosten grenzte das Gebiet der Chaonier an das der Molosser und im Süden an die Thesproter. (de) |
| rdfs:label | Caons (ca) Chaonians (en) Chaonier (de) Χάονες (el) Caonios (es) Chaoniens (fr) Caoni (it) Caônios (pt) |
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