Connectomics (original) (raw)
La connectomique est l'établissement et l'étude du connectome, c'est-à-dire de l'ensemble des connexions neuronales du cerveau.
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| dbo:abstract | Connectomics is the production and study of connectomes: comprehensive maps of connections within an organism's nervous system. More generally, it can be thought of as the study of neuronal wiring diagrams with a focus on how structural connectivity, individual synapses, cellular morphology, and cellular ultrastructure contribute to the make up of a network. The nervous system is a network made of billions of connections and these connections are responsible for our thoughts, emotions, actions, memories, function and dysfunction. Therefore, the study of connectomics aims to advance our understanding of mental health and cognition by understanding how cells in the nervous system are connected and communicate. Because these structures are extremely complex, methods within this field use a high-throughput application of functional and structural neural imaging, most commonly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electron microscopy, and histological techniques in order to increase the speed, efficiency, and resolution of these nervous system maps. To date, tens of large scale datasets have been collected spanning the nervous system including the various areas of cortex, cerebellum, the retina, the peripheral nervous system and neuromuscular junctions. Generally speaking, there are two types of connectomes; macroscale and microscale. Macroscale connectomics refers to using functional and structural MRI data to map out large fiber tracts and functional gray matter areas within the brain in terms of blood flow (functional) and water diffusivity (structural). Microscale connectomics is the mapping of small organisms' complete connectome using microscopy and histology. That is, all connections that exist in their central nervous system. (en) La connectomique est l'établissement et l'étude du connectome, c'est-à-dire de l'ensemble des connexions neuronales du cerveau. (fr) コネクトミクス（Connectomics）は、コネクトームの成果や研究のことである。コネクトームとは、生物の神経系内（特に脳や目）の接続の包括的なマップである。これらの構造は非常に複雑であるため、この研究領域が使用する手法は、神経系における神経接続の多数のマップを、高速に、効率的に、高い解像度で得るために、神経画像化および組織学的技術のハイスループットを使用する。ハイスループットとは、自動化されたロボットやプログラミングを使って、自動的に大量の処理を行うことである。このようなプロジェクトの主な焦点は、脳だが、任意の神経接続、例えば、神経筋接合部などを含み、理論的には、これらをコネクトミクスによってマッピングすることができるだろう。 (ja) A Conectômica é a produção e estudo de conectomas: mapas abrangentes de conexões dentro do sistema nervoso de um organismo, normalmente de seu cérebro ou olho. Como essas estruturas são extremamente complexas, os métodos neste campo usam uma aplicação de alto rendimento de imagens neurais e técnicas histológicas para aumentar a velocidade, a eficiência e a resolução dos mapas de conexões neurais em um sistema nervoso. Embora o foco principal de tal projeto seja o cérebro, quaisquer conexões neurais poderiam teoricamente ser mapeadas por conectômica, incluindo, por exemplo, junções neuromusculares. Este estudo é algumas vezes referido pelo seu nome anterior de hodologia . (pt) 连接组学（Connectomics）绘制与研究神经连接组（connectome）：这是一种刻画有机体神经系统（尤其是脑和眼）的连接方式的完整线路图。由于这些结构极其复杂，高效筛选的神经成像和组织学方法被用于提高绘制神经连接线路图的速度、效率和精度。尽管连接组学的主要研究对象是大脑，但其他任何神经连接也可由连接组学的方法测绘，例如神经肌肉接点（neuromuscular junctions）。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | La connectomique est l'établissement et l'étude du connectome, c'est-à-dire de l'ensemble des connexions neuronales du cerveau. (fr) コネクトミクス（Connectomics）は、コネクトームの成果や研究のことである。コネクトームとは、生物の神経系内（特に脳や目）の接続の包括的なマップである。これらの構造は非常に複雑であるため、この研究領域が使用する手法は、神経系における神経接続の多数のマップを、高速に、効率的に、高い解像度で得るために、神経画像化および組織学的技術のハイスループットを使用する。ハイスループットとは、自動化されたロボットやプログラミングを使って、自動的に大量の処理を行うことである。このようなプロジェクトの主な焦点は、脳だが、任意の神経接続、例えば、神経筋接合部などを含み、理論的には、これらをコネクトミクスによってマッピングすることができるだろう。 (ja) A Conectômica é a produção e estudo de conectomas: mapas abrangentes de conexões dentro do sistema nervoso de um organismo, normalmente de seu cérebro ou olho. Como essas estruturas são extremamente complexas, os métodos neste campo usam uma aplicação de alto rendimento de imagens neurais e técnicas histológicas para aumentar a velocidade, a eficiência e a resolução dos mapas de conexões neurais em um sistema nervoso. Embora o foco principal de tal projeto seja o cérebro, quaisquer conexões neurais poderiam teoricamente ser mapeadas por conectômica, incluindo, por exemplo, junções neuromusculares. Este estudo é algumas vezes referido pelo seu nome anterior de hodologia . (pt) 连接组学（Connectomics）绘制与研究神经连接组（connectome）：这是一种刻画有机体神经系统（尤其是脑和眼）的连接方式的完整线路图。由于这些结构极其复杂，高效筛选的神经成像和组织学方法被用于提高绘制神经连接线路图的速度、效率和精度。尽管连接组学的主要研究对象是大脑，但其他任何神经连接也可由连接组学的方法测绘，例如神经肌肉接点（neuromuscular junctions）。 (zh) Connectomics is the production and study of connectomes: comprehensive maps of connections within an organism's nervous system. More generally, it can be thought of as the study of neuronal wiring diagrams with a focus on how structural connectivity, individual synapses, cellular morphology, and cellular ultrastructure contribute to the make up of a network. The nervous system is a network made of billions of connections and these connections are responsible for our thoughts, emotions, actions, memories, function and dysfunction. Therefore, the study of connectomics aims to advance our understanding of mental health and cognition by understanding how cells in the nervous system are connected and communicate. Because these structures are extremely complex, methods within this field use a hi (en) |
| rdfs:label | Connectomics (en) Connectomique (fr) コネクトミクス (ja) Conectômica (pt) 连接组学 (zh) |
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