| dbo:abstract |
Efekt vzácného nepřítele je etologický jev, kdy dvě teritoriální zvířata přestanou být vzájemně agresivní, jakmile dojde k jasnému vymezení hranic teritorií. (cs) The dear enemy effect or dear enemy recognition is an ethological phenomenon in which two neighbouring territorial animals become less aggressive toward one another once territorial borders are well established. As territory owners become accustomed to their neighbours, they expend less time and energy on defensive behaviors directed toward one another. However, aggression toward unfamiliar neighbours remains the same. Some authors have suggested the dear enemy effect is territory residents displaying lower levels of aggression toward familiar neighbours compared to unfamiliar individuals who are non-territorial "floaters". The dear enemy effect has been observed in a wide range of animals including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates. It can be modulated by factors such as the location of the familiar and unfamiliar animal, the season, and the presence of females. The effect is the converse of the nasty neighbour effect, in which some species are more aggressive towards their neighbours than towards unfamiliar strangers. (en) 亲敌效应（英語：dear enemy effect）是动物行为学中的一种现象，指相邻的领域性动物在相互之间的领域边界确定之后彼此间的侵略行为变得更少的现象。当一方适应了它的邻居之后，就会花更少的时间与精力去在抵抗、防卫另一方。不过对于不熟悉的邻居，它们还是会保持侵略性。 哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物、鱼类、无脊椎动物等许多动物中都存在亲敌效应。与亲敌效应相对的为，是指某些物种对邻居比对不熟悉的陌生者更具侵略性的现象。 (zh) |
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Efekt vzácného nepřítele je etologický jev, kdy dvě teritoriální zvířata přestanou být vzájemně agresivní, jakmile dojde k jasnému vymezení hranic teritorií. (cs) 亲敌效应（英語：dear enemy effect）是动物行为学中的一种现象，指相邻的领域性动物在相互之间的领域边界确定之后彼此间的侵略行为变得更少的现象。当一方适应了它的邻居之后，就会花更少的时间与精力去在抵抗、防卫另一方。不过对于不熟悉的邻居，它们还是会保持侵略性。 哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物、鱼类、无脊椎动物等许多动物中都存在亲敌效应。与亲敌效应相对的为，是指某些物种对邻居比对不熟悉的陌生者更具侵略性的现象。 (zh) The dear enemy effect or dear enemy recognition is an ethological phenomenon in which two neighbouring territorial animals become less aggressive toward one another once territorial borders are well established. As territory owners become accustomed to their neighbours, they expend less time and energy on defensive behaviors directed toward one another. However, aggression toward unfamiliar neighbours remains the same. Some authors have suggested the dear enemy effect is territory residents displaying lower levels of aggression toward familiar neighbours compared to unfamiliar individuals who are non-territorial "floaters". (en) |
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Efekt vzácného nepřítele (cs) Dear enemy effect (en) 亲敌效应 (zh) |
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