Douglas Ousterhout (original) (raw)
Douglas K. Ousterhout is a retired craniofacial surgeon who practiced in San Francisco, CA, United States. His specialty was facial feminization surgery for trans women, and he was widely considered the foremost facial feminization surgeon in the United States. Ousterhout also pioneered facial masculinization surgery for people undergoing female-to-male gender reassignment. Ousterhout received MD and DDS degrees from the University of Michigan Ann Arbor. He is a voluntary clinical professor of surgery in the School of Medicine and an adjunct professor of dentistry in the Dental School at University of California, San Francisco.
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| dbo:abstract | Douglas K. Ousterhout is a retired craniofacial surgeon who practiced in San Francisco, CA, United States. His specialty was facial feminization surgery for trans women, and he was widely considered the foremost facial feminization surgeon in the United States. Ousterhout also pioneered facial masculinization surgery for people undergoing female-to-male gender reassignment. Ousterhout received MD and DDS degrees from the University of Michigan Ann Arbor. He is a voluntary clinical professor of surgery in the School of Medicine and an adjunct professor of dentistry in the Dental School at University of California, San Francisco. Facial feminization surgery (FFS) began in 1982 when Darrell Pratt, a plastic surgeon who performed sex reassignment surgeries, approached Ousterhout with a request from a trans woman, a patient of Pratt's who wanted plastic surgery to make her face appear more feminine, since people still reacted to her as though she were a man. Ousterhout's prior practice had involved reconstructing faces and skulls of people who had suffered birth defects, accidents or other trauma. Ousterhout was interested in helping but knew that he didn't know what a "female face" was, so he investigated by first reading the physical anthropology from the early 20th century to identify what features were "female", then by deriving measurements defining those features from a series of cephalograms taken in the 1970s, and then by working with a set of several hundred skulls to see if he could reliably differentiate which were females and which were males using those measurements. Ousterhout then began working out what surgical techniques and materials he already used that he could apply in order to transform a male face into a female face; he pioneered most of the procedures involved in FFS and was involved in their subsequent improvements as well. FFS generally involves advancing the hairline, making the forehead smaller and rounder, reducing the brow ridge, shortening and narrowing the nose, shortening the upper lip, shortening the chin, narrowing the jaw, and reducing the laryngeal prominence. As of 2006 there were only about twelve surgeons in the world performing FFS. Notable Ousterhout patients who have written about their surgery include Lynn Conway, Andrea James, and Nicole Hamilton. (en) Douglas K. Ousterhout est un docteur en médecine et chirurgien-dentiste, actuellement à la retraite, qui a pratiqué la chirurgie à San Francisco, en Californie . Sa spécialité concernait la chirurgie de féminisation faciale des femmes trans ; aux États-Unis, il est largement considéré comme le chirurgien le plus influent dans son domaine. Il a également réalisé des sur certains hommes trans, parmi d'autres procédures esthétiques cranio-faciales et maxillo-faciales. La CFF a débuté en 1982 lorsque , un chirurgien plasticien qui avait effectué des chirurgies de réattribution sexuelle, a demandé à Douglas Ousterhout de l'aide pour opérer une patiente trans qui souhaitait avoir un visage plus féminin ; les gens réagissaient encore comme si elle était un homme quand ils se trouvaient face à elle. La pratique d'Ousterhout impliquait la reconstruction des visages et des crânes de personnes qui avaient subi des malformations à la naissance, des accidents, ou d'autres traumatismes. Ousterhout voulait l'aider, mais il ne savait pas ce que signifiait chirurgicalement un « visage de femme » ; il a donc étudié l'anthropologie physique à partir du début du XXe siècle pour identifier quelles étaient les caractéristiques dites « féminines », puis grâce à un travail réalisé sur plusieurs centaines de crânes, afin d'étudier s'il pouvait distinguer de manière fiable lesquels appartenaient aux femmes, et lesquels appartenaient aux hommes. Ousterhout a ensuite commencé à travailler avec des techniques chirurgicales et des matériaux déjà connus et qui pourraient s'appliquer dans le cadre d'une féminisation d'un visage masculin ; il est le pionnier de la plupart des procédures impliquées dans la CFF, et il a été impliqué dans leurs améliorations ultérieures. La CFF consiste, généralement, à avancer la racine des cheveux, en réalisant un front plus petit et plus rond, à réduire l'arcade sourcilière et le nez, à raccourcir la lèvre supérieure et le menton, à réduire la mâchoire et la proéminence laryngée. En 2006, il y avait environ douze chirurgiens dans le monde à effectuer la CFF. Les patients notables de Ousterhout comprennent notamment Lynn Conway, et . (fr) |
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| rdfs:comment | Douglas K. Ousterhout is a retired craniofacial surgeon who practiced in San Francisco, CA, United States. His specialty was facial feminization surgery for trans women, and he was widely considered the foremost facial feminization surgeon in the United States. Ousterhout also pioneered facial masculinization surgery for people undergoing female-to-male gender reassignment. Ousterhout received MD and DDS degrees from the University of Michigan Ann Arbor. He is a voluntary clinical professor of surgery in the School of Medicine and an adjunct professor of dentistry in the Dental School at University of California, San Francisco. (en) Douglas K. Ousterhout est un docteur en médecine et chirurgien-dentiste, actuellement à la retraite, qui a pratiqué la chirurgie à San Francisco, en Californie . Sa spécialité concernait la chirurgie de féminisation faciale des femmes trans ; aux États-Unis, il est largement considéré comme le chirurgien le plus influent dans son domaine. Il a également réalisé des sur certains hommes trans, parmi d'autres procédures esthétiques cranio-faciales et maxillo-faciales. Les patients notables de Ousterhout comprennent notamment Lynn Conway, et . (fr) |
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