Dubgaill and Finngaill (original) (raw)
둡갈(중세 아일랜드어: Dubgaill)과 핑갈(중세 아일랜드어: Finngaill)은 각각 아일랜드섬에 정착한 바이킹과 브리튼섬에 정착한 바이킹을 가리키는 중세 게일어 표현이다.
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| dbo:abstract | Dubgaill and Finngaill, or Dubgenti and Finngenti, are Middle Irish terms used to denote different rival groups of Vikings in Ireland and Britain. Literally, Dub-/Finngaill is translated as "dark and fair foreigners" or "black and white foreigners", and similarly, Dub-/Finngenti as "dark/black" and "fair/white heathens". Similar terms are found in Welsh chronicles, probably derived from Gaelic usage. The first known use of these terms in the chronicles is from 851, when it is noted that "The Dubhghoill arrived in Ath Cliath [Dublin], and made a great slaughter of the Finnghoill". The terms appear, with various spellings, in entries in Irish annals from the 9th and 10th century, and are also used and interpreted in later historiography. There have been different interpretations of the terms. Traditionally, historians have speculated whether these distinctions refer to physical features such as skin or hair-colour, weaponry or outfits. Alfred P. Smyth suggested a new interpretation of dub and finn as "new" and "old". There is a long tradition of understanding Dubgaill as Danish Vikings and Finngaill as Norwegian Vikings. This interpretation has recently been challenged by David N. Dumville and , who, building on Smyth's conclusions, propose that the terms may not be related to ethnicity or origin of the different groups of Vikings. (en) Dubgaill y Finngaill, Dubgenti y Finngenti o Dubhghoill y Finnghoill son términos en irlandés medio que aparecen en textos medievales para identificar a diferentes grupos rivales de vikingos en Irlanda y Britania. Literalmente, Dub-/Finngaill se traduce como "extranjeros oscuros y claros" o "extranjeros negros y blancos", y de igual forma, Dub-/Finngenti como "paganos oscuros/negros" y "paganos claros/blancos". Aparecen términos parecidos en crónicas galesas, muy posiblemente derivados de los primeros usos en gaélico. La primera vez que aparece el término en las crónicas irlandesas está fechada en 851: «Los Dubhghoill llegaron a Ath Cliath [Dublín], provocando una gran masacre a los Finnghoill».«Tetact Dubgennti du Ath Cliath co ralsat ár mór du Fhinngallaibh». (trad. Los paganos negros vinieron a Áth Cliath, e hicieron gran masacre de los extranjeros de cabellos claros) Los mismos términos aparecen en diversas crónicas entre los siglos IX y X, también usados e interpretadas en posteriores historiografías. Existen varias interpretaciones de ambos calificativos. Tradicionalmente, se especula que tales distinciones se referían a características físicas como la piel o el color del cabello, tipos de armas o vestimentas. Alfred P. Smyth sugiere que los prefijos dub y finn se pueden traducir como "nuevo" y "viejo". La versión más aceptada es que Dubgaill corresponde a los vikingos daneses y Finngaill a los vikingos noruegos. La interpretación más reciente, basándose en la teoría de Smyth, coinciden y , quienes proponen que ambos calificativos no están relacionados con etnias ni diferencias entre grupos vikingos. Posteriormente, unos siglos más tarde de la invasión normanda de Irlanda, a los hiberno-normandos o ingleses viejos también se les denominaba Dubgaill y Finngaill. (es) Dubgaill e Finngaill sono vocabile del medio irlandese che identificano gli invasori vichinghi: * i Finngaill (lett. "Stranieri chiari") furono i primi vichinghi giunti in Irlanda; * i Dubgaill (lett. "Stranieri scuri") furono la seconda ondata vichinga, proveniente da Lochlann, che fondò il Regno di Dublino. I nomi compaioni per la prima volta negli Annali dell'Ulster in riferimento ai fatti di sangue occorsi nel longphort vichingo di Dublino nell'anno 851, quando "i Dubhghoill giunsero ad Ath Cliath [Dublino] e vi fecero grande strage dei Finnghoill".La recente interpretazione storica propone una lettura dei termini come non legati a intenti di distinzione fisica o etnica bensì meramente temporale: i finn sarebbero semplicemente i più vecchi invasori ed i dubh i più recenti. (it) 둡갈(중세 아일랜드어: Dubgaill)과 핑갈(중세 아일랜드어: Finngaill)은 각각 아일랜드섬에 정착한 바이킹과 브리튼섬에 정착한 바이킹을 가리키는 중세 게일어 표현이다. (ko) |
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| rdfs:comment | 둡갈(중세 아일랜드어: Dubgaill)과 핑갈(중세 아일랜드어: Finngaill)은 각각 아일랜드섬에 정착한 바이킹과 브리튼섬에 정착한 바이킹을 가리키는 중세 게일어 표현이다. (ko) Dubgaill and Finngaill, or Dubgenti and Finngenti, are Middle Irish terms used to denote different rival groups of Vikings in Ireland and Britain. Literally, Dub-/Finngaill is translated as "dark and fair foreigners" or "black and white foreigners", and similarly, Dub-/Finngenti as "dark/black" and "fair/white heathens". Similar terms are found in Welsh chronicles, probably derived from Gaelic usage. The first known use of these terms in the chronicles is from 851, when it is noted that "The Dubhghoill arrived in Ath Cliath [Dublin], and made a great slaughter of the Finnghoill". The terms appear, with various spellings, in entries in Irish annals from the 9th and 10th century, and are also used and interpreted in later historiography. (en) Dubgaill y Finngaill, Dubgenti y Finngenti o Dubhghoill y Finnghoill son términos en irlandés medio que aparecen en textos medievales para identificar a diferentes grupos rivales de vikingos en Irlanda y Britania. Literalmente, Dub-/Finngaill se traduce como "extranjeros oscuros y claros" o "extranjeros negros y blancos", y de igual forma, Dub-/Finngenti como "paganos oscuros/negros" y "paganos claros/blancos". Aparecen términos parecidos en crónicas galesas, muy posiblemente derivados de los primeros usos en gaélico. (es) Dubgaill e Finngaill sono vocabile del medio irlandese che identificano gli invasori vichinghi: * i Finngaill (lett. "Stranieri chiari") furono i primi vichinghi giunti in Irlanda; * i Dubgaill (lett. "Stranieri scuri") furono la seconda ondata vichinga, proveniente da Lochlann, che fondò il Regno di Dublino. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Dubgaill y Finngaill (es) Dubgaill and Finngaill (en) Dubgaill e Finngaill (it) 둡갈과 핑갈 (ko) |
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