Eddy (fluid dynamics) (original) (raw)
الدوامات الاضطرابية (Eddies) من ظواهر حركة الموائع، تُميّز عن الدوامات (Vortices) اصطلاحا رغم تشابه الظاهرتين، وذلك لأن الدوامة الاضطرابية تتناقص زمنيا أو مكانيا ولها خواص أخرى تتعلق بحدوثها في طور جريان مضطرب (بخلاف الدوامة «العادية» الحادثة في جريان صفيحي «مستقر»).
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| dbo:abstract | الدوامات الاضطرابية (Eddies) من ظواهر حركة الموائع، تُميّز عن الدوامات (Vortices) اصطلاحا رغم تشابه الظاهرتين، وذلك لأن الدوامة الاضطرابية تتناقص زمنيا أو مكانيا ولها خواص أخرى تتعلق بحدوثها في طور جريان مضطرب (بخلاف الدوامة «العادية» الحادثة في جريان صفيحي «مستقر»). (ar) Mit dem Begriff Kehrwasser bezeichnet man im Wildwasser Bereiche, in denen sich die Strömung flussaufwärts kehrt oder zumindest stark verlangsamt. Diese „Umkehr“ (oder Verlangsamung) der Fließrichtung des Wassers wird durch Wirbelbildung hinter angeströmten Hindernissen in Fließgewässern hervorgerufen. Die Hindernisse können über der Wasserfläche sichtbar sein oder auch nur unter Wasser die Hauptströmung eines Flusses behindern; in letzterem Fall ist das Kehrwasser weniger stark ausgeprägt und oft schwerer zu erkennen. Insbesondere hinter Strompfeilern kann sich bei entsprechender Strömung das Kehrwasser zu einem Strudel entwickeln. (de) En dinámica de fluidos, un torbellino es el remolino de un fluido y la corriente inversa creada cuando el fluido se encuentra en un régimen de flujo turbulento. El fluido en movimiento crea un espacio libre de fluido que fluye aguas abajo en el lado corriente abajo del objeto. El fluido detrás del obstáculo fluye hacia el vacío produciendo un remolino de fluido en cada borde del obstáculo, seguido por un corto flujo inverso de fluido detrás del obstáculo que fluye corriente arriba, hacia la parte posterior del obstáculo. Este fenómeno se observa naturalmente detrás de grandes rocas emergentes en ríos de flujo rápido. (es) In fluid dynamics, an eddy is the swirling of a fluid and the reverse current created when the fluid is in a turbulent flow regime. The moving fluid creates a space devoid of downstream-flowing fluid on the downstream side of the object. Fluid behind the obstacle flows into the void creating a swirl of fluid on each edge of the obstacle, followed by a short reverse flow of fluid behind the obstacle flowing upstream, toward the back of the obstacle. This phenomenon is naturally observed behind large emergent rocks in swift-flowing rivers. An eddy is a movement of fluid that deviates from the general flow of the fluid. An example for an eddy is a vortex which produces such deviation. However, there are other types of eddies that are not simple vortices. For example, a Rossby wave is an eddy which is an undulation that is a deviation from mean flow, but doesn't have the local closed streamlines of a vortex. (en) Un tourbillon de turbulence est un élément d'une masse fluide turbulente qui a une certaine individualité et une certaine vie qui lui sont propres. Il peut être causé par un obstacle dans le flot créant un contre-courant, par une différence de densité entre deux sections du fluide ou par la rencontre de deux fluides. Les tourbillons de turbulence sont un élément courant en météorologie, en hydrologie et en océanographie. (fr) Foirm rothlach sreafa i sreabháin. Bíonn na sruthlínte cuartha, agus fiú ina lúba iata. Samplaí dá leithéid is ea cuilithí guairneáin, camanfaí is iomghaotha, agus guairneáin in abhainn de thoradh bac ar an tsreabh. (ga) ( 난기류는 여기로 연결됩니다. 맑은 날의 난기류에 대해서는 문서를, 회전하는 공기의 튜브로 리프트 힘을 발생시키고 남겨진 것에 대해서는 항적난기류 문서를 참고하십시오.) 유체역학에서 와류(渦流, eddy)는 유체의 흐름의 일부가 교란받아 본류와 반대되는 방향으로 소용돌이치는 현상이다. 그림은 비행기 날개에서 발생하는 와류의 모습이다. 날개의 앞부분에서는 공기가 직선으로 들어오지만 끝부분에서 공기가 심하게 교란받아 소용돌이처럼 변하는 것을 볼 수 있다. 또한 와류로 인해 날개 아래쪽의 공기가 밑쪽으로 내려가는 내리흐름이 발생한다. (ko) 乱気流（らんきりゅう）とは、空気中に渦が生じて乱れ、不規則になった気流のことである。 (ja) Een keerwater is een gedeelte van een rivier waarbij de stroomrichting de tegengestelde richting heeft ten opzichte van de hoofdstroom. Deze stroming wordt de keerstroom genoemd. Een keerstroom ontstaat wanneer een rivier langs een obstakel stroomt. Achter het obstakel ontstaat dan het keerwater. In de wildwatersport wordt keerwater gebruikt om even stil te kunnen liggen. (nl) Em dinâmica dos fluidos, um turbilhonamento ou fluxo de turbilhonamento é o redemoinho de um fluido e a corrente criada quando o fluido flui passando um obstáculo. Observação: Embora se use o termo corrente para fluxos em fluidos (como em hidrologia), o termo corrente de turbilhonamento é apenas usado para correntes elétricas que são induzidas em um material magnético por um campo magnético que varia em intensidade ao longo do tempo, ou correntes de Foucault. O fluido em movimento cria um espaço desprovido de fluido a jusante (adiante sentido da corrente) do fluxo no lado abaixo da correnteza do objeto. Fluido atrás do obstáculo flui no vazio criando um redemoinho de fluido em cada borda do obstáculo, seguido por um curto fluxo reverso de fluido atrás do obstáculo acima na correnteza, em direção à traseira do obstáculo. Esse fenômeno é mais visível por trás de grandes rochas emergentes em rios rápido. Outro tipo possível de turbulência é o vórtice. Esta noção é agora aplicada a gases, os quais tem minadas propriedades iguais as dos líquidos. Aqui, nenhum vazio é criado (pois gases não possuem volume fixo e tendem a ocupar rapidamente o vácuo), mas somente uma área de mais baixa pressão, mas novamente, um refluxo causa a rotação do gás. O conceito de turbilhonamento é importante, tanto quanto necessário quanto a ser evitado, em diversos campos, como a engenharia química, em processos de secagem, precipitação, decantação, absorção, em reatores químicos e biológicos, nos processos de fermentação e diversos processos industriais e domésticos, como o tratamento de superfícies, por exemplo a decapagem, na indústria metalúrgica e a lavagem de roupas. Encontra profunda aplicação no estudo e projeto de aeronaves, especialmente nas questões aerodinâmicas. Também é importante no funcionamento e na otimização de motores de combustão interna, na mistura de ar e combustível. (pt) Вихри в океане — круговые движения океанской воды, подобные круговым движениям воздуха в вихрях атмосферы. (ru) |
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| rdfs:comment | الدوامات الاضطرابية (Eddies) من ظواهر حركة الموائع، تُميّز عن الدوامات (Vortices) اصطلاحا رغم تشابه الظاهرتين، وذلك لأن الدوامة الاضطرابية تتناقص زمنيا أو مكانيا ولها خواص أخرى تتعلق بحدوثها في طور جريان مضطرب (بخلاف الدوامة «العادية» الحادثة في جريان صفيحي «مستقر»). (ar) Mit dem Begriff Kehrwasser bezeichnet man im Wildwasser Bereiche, in denen sich die Strömung flussaufwärts kehrt oder zumindest stark verlangsamt. Diese „Umkehr“ (oder Verlangsamung) der Fließrichtung des Wassers wird durch Wirbelbildung hinter angeströmten Hindernissen in Fließgewässern hervorgerufen. Die Hindernisse können über der Wasserfläche sichtbar sein oder auch nur unter Wasser die Hauptströmung eines Flusses behindern; in letzterem Fall ist das Kehrwasser weniger stark ausgeprägt und oft schwerer zu erkennen. Insbesondere hinter Strompfeilern kann sich bei entsprechender Strömung das Kehrwasser zu einem Strudel entwickeln. (de) En dinámica de fluidos, un torbellino es el remolino de un fluido y la corriente inversa creada cuando el fluido se encuentra en un régimen de flujo turbulento. El fluido en movimiento crea un espacio libre de fluido que fluye aguas abajo en el lado corriente abajo del objeto. El fluido detrás del obstáculo fluye hacia el vacío produciendo un remolino de fluido en cada borde del obstáculo, seguido por un corto flujo inverso de fluido detrás del obstáculo que fluye corriente arriba, hacia la parte posterior del obstáculo. Este fenómeno se observa naturalmente detrás de grandes rocas emergentes en ríos de flujo rápido. (es) Un tourbillon de turbulence est un élément d'une masse fluide turbulente qui a une certaine individualité et une certaine vie qui lui sont propres. Il peut être causé par un obstacle dans le flot créant un contre-courant, par une différence de densité entre deux sections du fluide ou par la rencontre de deux fluides. Les tourbillons de turbulence sont un élément courant en météorologie, en hydrologie et en océanographie. (fr) Foirm rothlach sreafa i sreabháin. Bíonn na sruthlínte cuartha, agus fiú ina lúba iata. Samplaí dá leithéid is ea cuilithí guairneáin, camanfaí is iomghaotha, agus guairneáin in abhainn de thoradh bac ar an tsreabh. (ga) ( 난기류는 여기로 연결됩니다. 맑은 날의 난기류에 대해서는 문서를, 회전하는 공기의 튜브로 리프트 힘을 발생시키고 남겨진 것에 대해서는 항적난기류 문서를 참고하십시오.) 유체역학에서 와류(渦流, eddy)는 유체의 흐름의 일부가 교란받아 본류와 반대되는 방향으로 소용돌이치는 현상이다. 그림은 비행기 날개에서 발생하는 와류의 모습이다. 날개의 앞부분에서는 공기가 직선으로 들어오지만 끝부분에서 공기가 심하게 교란받아 소용돌이처럼 변하는 것을 볼 수 있다. 또한 와류로 인해 날개 아래쪽의 공기가 밑쪽으로 내려가는 내리흐름이 발생한다. (ko) 乱気流（らんきりゅう）とは、空気中に渦が生じて乱れ、不規則になった気流のことである。 (ja) Een keerwater is een gedeelte van een rivier waarbij de stroomrichting de tegengestelde richting heeft ten opzichte van de hoofdstroom. Deze stroming wordt de keerstroom genoemd. Een keerstroom ontstaat wanneer een rivier langs een obstakel stroomt. Achter het obstakel ontstaat dan het keerwater. In de wildwatersport wordt keerwater gebruikt om even stil te kunnen liggen. (nl) Вихри в океане — круговые движения океанской воды, подобные круговым движениям воздуха в вихрях атмосферы. (ru) In fluid dynamics, an eddy is the swirling of a fluid and the reverse current created when the fluid is in a turbulent flow regime. The moving fluid creates a space devoid of downstream-flowing fluid on the downstream side of the object. Fluid behind the obstacle flows into the void creating a swirl of fluid on each edge of the obstacle, followed by a short reverse flow of fluid behind the obstacle flowing upstream, toward the back of the obstacle. This phenomenon is naturally observed behind large emergent rocks in swift-flowing rivers. (en) Em dinâmica dos fluidos, um turbilhonamento ou fluxo de turbilhonamento é o redemoinho de um fluido e a corrente criada quando o fluido flui passando um obstáculo. Observação: Embora se use o termo corrente para fluxos em fluidos (como em hidrologia), o termo corrente de turbilhonamento é apenas usado para correntes elétricas que são induzidas em um material magnético por um campo magnético que varia em intensidade ao longo do tempo, ou correntes de Foucault. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | دوامة اضطرابية (ar) Kehrwasser (de) Torbellinos (dinámica de fluidos) (es) Cuilithe (ga) Eddy (fluid dynamics) (en) Tourbillon de turbulence (fr) 와류 (ko) 乱気流 (ja) Keerwater (nl) Turbilhonamento (pt) Вихри в океане (ru) |
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