Elizabeth Key Grinstead (original) (raw)
Elizabeth Key Grinstead (Greenstead) (1630 – la 20a de januaro, 1665) estis unu el la unuaj nigraj homoj de la Dek tri Kolonioj kiu jurplendis por libereco for de sklaveco kaj konsekvence gajnis sian liberecon.
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| dbo:abstract | كانت إليزابيث كي غرينستيد (1630- 20 يناير، 1665) من أوائل السود الذين رفعوا دعوى قضائية من أجل التحرر من العبودية في مستعمرات شمال أميركا وفازت بها. ظفرت إليزابيث كي بحريتها وحرية ابنها جون غرينستيد في 21 يوليو من عام 1656 في مستعمرة فيرجينيا. اعتمدت كي في قضيتها على أن والدها كان إنجليزيًا ، وأنها كانت مسيحية مُعمَّدة. بناًء على هاتين الحقيقتين، جادل محاميها الإنجليزي وزوجها ويليام غرينستيد بنجاح بأمر وجوب إعتاقها. كانت هذه الدعوى القضائية واحدة من أولى دعاوي التحرر التي رفعها شخص من أصول زنجية في المستعمرات الإنجليزية. ردًا على قضية كي وبعض التحديات الأخرى، أقر مجلس بورغيسيس في فيرجينيا قرارًا عام 1662 ينص على أن الحالة الاجتماعية للأطفال المولودين في المستعمرة («مقيدين» أو «أحرار») يتبع للحالة الاجتماعية الخاصة بأمهاتهن. كان هذا القانون مختلفًا عن القانون الإنجليزي الذي تتبع فيه حالة الأطفال الاجتماعية حالة آبائهم. هذا القانون مُستمَد من القانون الروماني الذي يُعرَف باسم بارتوس سيكويتور فينتريم (باللاتينية: Partus sequitur ventrem). عزَّز هذا القانون الحدود الداعمة للعبودية عن طريق التأكيد على فكرة أن كل أطفال الأمات- بغض النظر عن هوية آبائهم أو احتمال وجود أصول أوروبية- سيولدون عبيدًا ما لم يتم إعتاقهم بشكل صريح. (ar) Elizabeth Key Grinstead (Greenstead) (1630 – la 20a de januaro, 1665) estis unu el la unuaj nigraj homoj de la Dek tri Kolonioj kiu jurplendis por libereco for de sklaveco kaj konsekvence gajnis sian liberecon. (eo) Elizabeth Key Grinstead (Greenstead) (1630 – January 20, 1665) was one of the first black people of the Thirteen Colonies to sue for freedom from slavery and win. Key won her freedom and that of her infant son John Grinstead on July 21, 1656, in the colony of Virginia. Key based her suit on the fact that her father was an Englishman who had acknowledged her and arranged her baptism as a Christian in the American branch of the Church of England. He was a wealthy planter who had tried to protect her by establishing a guardianship for her when she was young, before his death. Based on these factors, her attorney and common-law husband, William Grinstead, argued successfully that she should be freed. The lawsuit was one of the earliest "freedom suits" by an African-descended person in the English colonies. In response to Key's suit and other challenges, the Virginia House of Burgesses passed a law in 1662 establishing that the social status of children born in the colony ("bond" or "free") would follow the social status of their respective mothers. This law differed from English common law, in which children's social status was determined by their fathers, who had an obligation to support both legitimate and illegitimate children. Virginia and other colonies incorporated a principle known as partus sequitur ventrem or partus, relating to chattel property. The legislation hardened the boundaries of slavery by ensuring that all children born to enslaved women, regardless of paternity or proportion of European ancestry, would be born into slavery unless explicitly freed. (en) Elizabeth Key Grinstead fu la prima schiava con antenati africani a ottenere la libertà nel Nordamerica in epoca coloniale, chiedendo di fronte alla legge di liberarla per via del suo padre inglese. Key riuscì a far valere la sua richiesta per sé e per suo figlio, John Grinstead, il 21 luglio 1656 nella colonia della Virginia. Le motivazioni che le valsero la libertà furono, oltre alla linea paterna inglese, anche il fatto che fosse stata battezzata. In base alle leggi esistenti in quel momento la sua domanda fu accolta. In conseguenza di questa decisione e di altre richieste dello stesso tenore, nel 1662 fu ratificata la legge chiamata Partus sequitur ventrem, che stabiliva l'ereditarietà dello status di schiavo a qualunque figlio di una donna posta in schiavitù, a prescindere da chi fosse il padre. (it) |
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| rdfs:comment | Elizabeth Key Grinstead (Greenstead) (1630 – la 20a de januaro, 1665) estis unu el la unuaj nigraj homoj de la Dek tri Kolonioj kiu jurplendis por libereco for de sklaveco kaj konsekvence gajnis sian liberecon. (eo) كانت إليزابيث كي غرينستيد (1630- 20 يناير، 1665) من أوائل السود الذين رفعوا دعوى قضائية من أجل التحرر من العبودية في مستعمرات شمال أميركا وفازت بها. ظفرت إليزابيث كي بحريتها وحرية ابنها جون غرينستيد في 21 يوليو من عام 1656 في مستعمرة فيرجينيا. اعتمدت كي في قضيتها على أن والدها كان إنجليزيًا ، وأنها كانت مسيحية مُعمَّدة. بناًء على هاتين الحقيقتين، جادل محاميها الإنجليزي وزوجها ويليام غرينستيد بنجاح بأمر وجوب إعتاقها. كانت هذه الدعوى القضائية واحدة من أولى دعاوي التحرر التي رفعها شخص من أصول زنجية في المستعمرات الإنجليزية. (ar) Elizabeth Key Grinstead (Greenstead) (1630 – January 20, 1665) was one of the first black people of the Thirteen Colonies to sue for freedom from slavery and win. Key won her freedom and that of her infant son John Grinstead on July 21, 1656, in the colony of Virginia. Key based her suit on the fact that her father was an Englishman who had acknowledged her and arranged her baptism as a Christian in the American branch of the Church of England. He was a wealthy planter who had tried to protect her by establishing a guardianship for her when she was young, before his death. Based on these factors, her attorney and common-law husband, William Grinstead, argued successfully that she should be freed. The lawsuit was one of the earliest "freedom suits" by an African-descended person in the Engl (en) Elizabeth Key Grinstead fu la prima schiava con antenati africani a ottenere la libertà nel Nordamerica in epoca coloniale, chiedendo di fronte alla legge di liberarla per via del suo padre inglese. (it) |
| rdfs:label | إليزابيث كي غرينستيد (ar) Elizabeth Key Grinstead (eo) Elizabeth Key Grinstead (en) Elizabeth Key Grinstead (it) |
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