Ephialtes (illness) (original) (raw)
Ephialtes is an anxiety disorder identified as such by John Bond in 1753, along with other authors of those times, in his treatise "An Essay on the Incubus, or Nightmare". The famous Greek physician Galen in the 2nd century AD had already named nightmares "Ephialtes". Throughout history, sleep paralysis and the similar term nightmare have been widely accompanied by mythological creatures with paranormal powers (e.g., Ephialtes of the Greeks and Incubus of the Romans).
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| dbo:abstract | Ephialtes is an anxiety disorder identified as such by John Bond in 1753, along with other authors of those times, in his treatise "An Essay on the Incubus, or Nightmare". The famous Greek physician Galen in the 2nd century AD had already named nightmares "Ephialtes". Throughout history, sleep paralysis and the similar term nightmare have been widely accompanied by mythological creatures with paranormal powers (e.g., Ephialtes of the Greeks and Incubus of the Romans). The idea of an incubus as a causative factor in nightmares stemmed from the belief that some spirit or ghostly person crept in during the night and lay upon the sleeper, so as to constrict the chest and breathing—leading to a sense of suffocation, side by side with a terrifying dream of being either crushed or (in the case of a woman) sexually violated by the (male) incubus or ephialtes. Sleepers thus set upon feel they are about to die—but as Bond (who was himself prone to nightmares) stated: "As soon as they shake off that vast oppression, they are affected with a strong palpitation, great anxiety, languour, and uneasiness – which symptoms gradually abate, and are succeeded by the pleasing reflection of having escaped such imminent danger" (p. 3). (en) Efialtes (en griego antiguo, Ἐφιάλτης, [singular] ‘el que salta’) es un trastorno de ansiedad identificado como tal por Jesus Ross[¿quién?] en 1754, junto con otros autores de la época, en su tratado "Incubus". El médico griego Galeno en el siglo II a.C. ya había llamado "Efialtes" a las pesadillas. En la antigua Grecia, efiáltes (ἐφιάλτης o ἐπιάλτης) era el término que designaba a las pesadillas, también consideradas como un "demonio" o "espíritu". Posteriormente se convierte en un referente en la literatura europea: Bernard de Montfaucon, en su obra Antigüedad explicada menciona a los efialtes o hifialtes (en plural) como equivalente griego de los íncubos y súcubos latinos, espíritus que adoptaban la forma de hombres o mujeres respectivamente para atormentar a los humanos introduciéndose en sus sueños. (es) Efialte (lett. "che ti salta addosso") è una sindrome ansiosa identificata come tale dal medico scozzese John Bond nel 1753 insieme ad altri autori del tempo, nel suo trattato "Incubus". Il famoso medico greco Galeno nel secondo secolo d.C. aveva già chiamato gli incubi "Efialti". L'idea di un incubus come fattore generativo degli incubi sorgeva dalla credenza che uno spirito o fantasma si insinuasse e giacesse sul petto della persona dormiente tanto, con il suo peso, da schiacciare il petto e rendere difficile la respirazione, conducendo così ad un senso di soffocamento, insieme al sogno terrificante di essere schiacciati o (nel caso di una donna) subire violenza sessuale da parte di un Efialte. Il dormiente si sente così come se stesse per morire e si risveglia in preda ad una grande palpitazione e languore, ma anche sollievo per lo scampato pericolo. (it) |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Disorder |
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| rdfs:comment | Ephialtes is an anxiety disorder identified as such by John Bond in 1753, along with other authors of those times, in his treatise "An Essay on the Incubus, or Nightmare". The famous Greek physician Galen in the 2nd century AD had already named nightmares "Ephialtes". Throughout history, sleep paralysis and the similar term nightmare have been widely accompanied by mythological creatures with paranormal powers (e.g., Ephialtes of the Greeks and Incubus of the Romans). (en) Efialtes (en griego antiguo, Ἐφιάλτης, [singular] ‘el que salta’) es un trastorno de ansiedad identificado como tal por Jesus Ross[¿quién?] en 1754, junto con otros autores de la época, en su tratado "Incubus". El médico griego Galeno en el siglo II a.C. ya había llamado "Efialtes" a las pesadillas. (es) Efialte (lett. "che ti salta addosso") è una sindrome ansiosa identificata come tale dal medico scozzese John Bond nel 1753 insieme ad altri autori del tempo, nel suo trattato "Incubus". Il famoso medico greco Galeno nel secondo secolo d.C. aveva già chiamato gli incubi "Efialti". (it) |
| rdfs:label | Efialtes (enfermedad) (es) Ephialtes (illness) (en) Efialte (psichiatria) (it) |
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| is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:Ephialtes_(disambiguation) |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Night_terror dbr:Ephialtes_(disambiguation) |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Ephialtes_(illness) |
