Eshmunazar II sarcophagus (original) (raw)
El sarcòfag d'Eshmunazar II és el sarcòfag que conté les restes del rei de Sidó Eshmunazar II, famós per una inscripció fenícia. Fou construït a Egipte a la primeria del segle V ae; el desenterraren al 1855 en un jaciment proper a Sidó i ara és al Museu del Louvre. Conté una inscripció en fenici de gran importància: fou la primera en llengua fenícia que es descobria a l'àrea, i era també la inscripció d'aquest tipus més detallada mai trobada fins en aquest moment.
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| dbo:abstract | El sarcòfag d'Eshmunazar II és el sarcòfag que conté les restes del rei de Sidó Eshmunazar II, famós per una inscripció fenícia. Fou construït a Egipte a la primeria del segle V ae; el desenterraren al 1855 en un jaciment proper a Sidó i ara és al Museu del Louvre. Conté una inscripció en fenici de gran importància: fou la primera en llengua fenícia que es descobria a l'àrea, i era també la inscripció d'aquest tipus més detallada mai trobada fins en aquest moment. Eshmunazar II (fenici: 𐤀𐤔𐤌𐤍𐤏𐤆𐤓 ʾšmnʿzr, un nom teòfor que significa 'Eshmun ajuda' o 'ajudant d'Eshmun', semblant a Eleazar). Fou rei de Sidó i fill del rei Tabnit (segurament Tenes en grec). El sarcòfag sembla fet a Egipte, tallat en epidiorita de Wadi Hammamat. La inscripció diu que el "Senyor dels reis" va concedir als reis sidonis "Dor i Jaffa, les poderoses terres de Dagó, que es troben a la plana de Xaron". (Avui Palestina) Més d'una dotzena d'acadèmics d'Europa i Estats Units el van traduir i interpretaren els detalls en els dos anys posteriors a la publicació de la troballa. Jean-Joseph-Léandre Bargès va escriure que l'idioma de la inscripció és "idèntic a l'hebreu, tret de les inflexions finals d'algunes paraules i algunes expressions, en nombre molt reduït, que no es troben en els texts bíblics que ens han arribat; el fet que l'hebreu s'escrigués i parlàs a Sidó, en un moment en què els jueus que tornaven de la captivitat ja no escoltaven aquest idioma, és una prova que es conservà entre els fenicis més temps que entre els mateixos hebreus". (ca) El sarcófago de Eshmunazar II es el sarcófago del rey de Sidón Eshmunazar II famoso por la inscripción sobre este rey fenicio. Fue manufacturado en Egipto a principios del siglo V a. C., desenterrado en 1855 en un yacimiento cercano a Sidón y depositado en el Museo del Louvre. Contiene una inscripción en idioma fenicio de gran importancia: fue la primera en lengua fenicia que se descubría en el área conocida como Fenicia, y además era la inscripción de este tipo más detallada jamás encontrada hasta ese momento. Eshmunazar II (fenicio: 𐤀𐤔𐤌𐤍𐤏𐤆𐤓 ʾšmnʿzr, un nombre teofórico que significa 'Eshmun ayuda' o 'ayudante de Eshmun', similar a Eleazar) fue Rey de Sidón e hijo del rey Tabnit (posiblemente en griego). El sarcófago parece que fue hecho en Egipto, tallado en anfibolita de Wadi Hammamat. La inscripción dice que el "Señor de los reyes" concedió a los reyes sidonios "Dor y Jope, las poderosas tierras de Dagón, que se encuentran en la llanura de Sarón". Más de una docena de académicos de Europa y Estados Unidos se apresuraron a traducirlo e interpretar sus detalles en los dos años posteriores a la publicación de su descubrimiento. escribió que el idioma de la inscripción es "idéntico al hebreo, excepto por las inflexiones finales de algunas palabras y ciertas expresiones, en números muy reducidos, que no se encuentran en los textos bíblicos que han llegado a nosotros; el hecho de que el hebreo se escribiera y hablara en Sidón, en un momento en que los judíos que regresaban del cautiverio ya no escuchaban este idioma, es una prueba de que se conservó entre los fenicios más tiempo que entre los mismos hebreos". (es) The Eshmunazar II sarcophagus is a 6th-century BC sarcophagus unearthed in 1855 in the "Phoenician Necropolis", a hypogeum (underground tomb) complex in the southern area of the city of Sidon in modern-day Lebanon. The sarcophagus was discovered by members of the French consulate in Sidon and was donated to the Louvre. The Eshmunazar II sarcophagus has two sets of Phoenician inscriptions, one on its lid and the other on its trough, under the sarcophagus head. The lid engraving was of great significance upon its discovery; it was the first Phoenician language inscription to be discovered in Phoenicia proper, the most detailed Phoenician text ever found anywhere up to that point, and is today the second longest extant Phoenician inscription after the one discovered at Karatepe. Eshmunazar II (Phoenician: 𐤀𐤔𐤌𐤍𐤏𐤆𐤓 ʾšmnʿzr, a theophoric name meaning 'Eshmun helps') was a Phoenician King of Sidon and the son of King Tabnit. His sarcophagus was likely carved in Egypt from local amphibolite, and captured as booty by the Sidonians during their participation in Cambyses II's conquest of Egypt in 525 BC. More than a dozen scholars across Europe and the United States rushed to translate the sarcophagus inscriptions. French orientalist Jean-Joseph-Léandre Bargès noted the similarities between the Phoenician language and Hebrew. The translation allowed scholars to identify the king buried inside, his lineage, and construction feats. The inscriptions warn readers against disturbing Eshmunazar II's place of repose; they also recount that the "Lord of Kings", the Achaemenid king, granted Eshmunazar II the territories of Dor, Joppa, and Dagon in recognition for his services. The discovery led to great enthusiasm for archaeological research in the region, and was the primary catalyst for Ernest Renan's 1860-61 Mission de Phénicie, the first major archaeological mission to Lebanon and Syria. (en) Le sarcophage d'Eshmunazar II est un sarcophage du VIe siècle av. J.-C. mis au jour en 1855 dans la «nécropole phénicienne» à Sidon, au Liban. Il porte une inscription phénicienne sur son couvercle qui était au moment de sa découverte la première inscription en langue phénicienne trouvée en Phénicie proprement dite, et de ce fait d'une grande importance. Elle demeure aujourd'hui le texte phénicien d'époque perse le plus long jamais trouvé, et la deuxième plus longue inscription phénicienne existante après celle mise au jour à Karatepe en 1946. Le sarcophage porte aussi une autre inscription gravée sur son auge, sous la tête du sarcophage. Eshmunazar II (phénicien : 𐤀𐤔𐤌𐤍𐤏𐤆𐤓, un nom théophore signifiant «Eshmun aide») était un roi phénicien de Sidon et le fils du roi (en). Son sarcophage a probablement été sculpté en Égypte dans de l'amphibolite locale et emporté comme butin par les Sidoniens lors de leur participation à la conquête de l'Égypte par Cambyse II en 525 av.J.-C. Le sarcophage a été donné au Louvre dès 1855. Plus d'une douzaine d'érudits à travers l'Europe et les États-Unis se sont précipités pour traduire les inscriptions. La traduction a permis d'identifier le roi enterré à l'intérieur, sa lignée et les édifices dont il a commandé la construction. Les inscriptions avertissent les lecteurs de ne pas déranger le lieu de repos d'Eshmunazar II ; elles disent également que le "Seigneur des rois", le roi achéménide, accorda à Eshmunazar II les territoires de Dor, Joppé et Dagon en reconnaissance de ses services. La découverte a suscité un grand enthousiasme pour la recherche archéologique dans la région et a été le principal catalyseur de la Mission de Phénicie d'Ernest Renan en 1860-1861, la première grande mission archéologique au Liban et en Syrie. (fr) |
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| dbp:alt | (en) Black and white image of a dark stone coffin viewed laterally, the coffin lies on the ground, the trough and lid are separated with wedges. (en) Black and white image of a dark stone coffin with a human face, the coffin stands upright facing the viewer. (en) Photograph of the sarcophagus surrounded by other Phoenician objects in the Louvre (en) Three quarter view pencil portrait of a man in 19th-century aristocratic apparel (en) |
| dbp:caption | 1892 (xsd:integer) Honoré de Luynes, a French aristocrat and archaeology aficionado, bought the sarcophagus and donated it to the Louvre. (en) Picture of the sarcophagus lid. (en) Later anthropoid sarcophagi from Sidon, 5th century BC. Known as the Ford Collection sarcophagi, in the National Museum of Beirut, Lebanon. (en) A typical sarcophagus of 6th century BC Egypt from Saqqara. (en) Today, the sarcophagus is one of the highlights of the Louvre's Phoenician collection (en) |
| dbp:civilization | Phoenician (en) |
| dbp:compact | yes (en) |
| dbp:created | 6 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:discoveredBy | Alphonse Durighello (en) |
| dbp:discoveredDate | 1855-01-19 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:discoveredPlace | Magahret Abloun [Cavern of Apollo], Sidon, modern-day Lebanon (en) |
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| dbp:fix | Help:Multilingual support (en) |
| dbp:footer | Comparison between the original Egyptian type to which the Eshmunazar II and Tabnit I sarcophagi belong, and the later derivative anthropoid sarcophagi styles. (en) |
| dbp:id | AO 4806 (en) |
| dbp:image | Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II.jpg (en) Osman Hamdi Bey. Sarcophage d'Eshmounazar. Paris, 1892.jpg (en) Anthropoid sarcophagi, from Sidon, 5th century BC, National Museum of Beirut, Lebanon - 49569524531.jpg (en) Louvre 2022 32.jpg (en) Luynes,_Honoré_Théodoric_d'Albert,_duc_de.jpg (en) Sarcophagus of Harkhebit, 595–526 BCE, 26th dynasty of Egypt .jpg (en) |
| dbp:imageCaption | The sarcophagus lid, Louvre, 2022 (en) |
| dbp:language | dbr:Phoenician_language |
| dbp:link | Phoenician alphabet (en) |
| dbp:location | The Louvre, Paris (en) |
| dbp:material | dbr:Amphibolite |
| dbp:name | Eshmunazar II sarcophagus (en) |
| dbp:period | dbr:Achaemenid_Empire Achaemenid era (en) |
| dbp:special | Phoenician alphabet characters (en) |
| dbp:title | Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II (en) Origins and style influence (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | El sarcòfag d'Eshmunazar II és el sarcòfag que conté les restes del rei de Sidó Eshmunazar II, famós per una inscripció fenícia. Fou construït a Egipte a la primeria del segle V ae; el desenterraren al 1855 en un jaciment proper a Sidó i ara és al Museu del Louvre. Conté una inscripció en fenici de gran importància: fou la primera en llengua fenícia que es descobria a l'àrea, i era també la inscripció d'aquest tipus més detallada mai trobada fins en aquest moment. (ca) The Eshmunazar II sarcophagus is a 6th-century BC sarcophagus unearthed in 1855 in the "Phoenician Necropolis", a hypogeum (underground tomb) complex in the southern area of the city of Sidon in modern-day Lebanon. The sarcophagus was discovered by members of the French consulate in Sidon and was donated to the Louvre. The Eshmunazar II sarcophagus has two sets of Phoenician inscriptions, one on its lid and the other on its trough, under the sarcophagus head. The lid engraving was of great significance upon its discovery; it was the first Phoenician language inscription to be discovered in Phoenicia proper, the most detailed Phoenician text ever found anywhere up to that point, and is today the second longest extant Phoenician inscription after the one discovered at Karatepe. (en) El sarcófago de Eshmunazar II es el sarcófago del rey de Sidón Eshmunazar II famoso por la inscripción sobre este rey fenicio. Fue manufacturado en Egipto a principios del siglo V a. C., desenterrado en 1855 en un yacimiento cercano a Sidón y depositado en el Museo del Louvre. Contiene una inscripción en idioma fenicio de gran importancia: fue la primera en lengua fenicia que se descubría en el área conocida como Fenicia, y además era la inscripción de este tipo más detallada jamás encontrada hasta ese momento. (es) Le sarcophage d'Eshmunazar II est un sarcophage du VIe siècle av. J.-C. mis au jour en 1855 dans la «nécropole phénicienne» à Sidon, au Liban. Il porte une inscription phénicienne sur son couvercle qui était au moment de sa découverte la première inscription en langue phénicienne trouvée en Phénicie proprement dite, et de ce fait d'une grande importance. Elle demeure aujourd'hui le texte phénicien d'époque perse le plus long jamais trouvé, et la deuxième plus longue inscription phénicienne existante après celle mise au jour à Karatepe en 1946. Le sarcophage porte aussi une autre inscription gravée sur son auge, sous la tête du sarcophage. (fr) |
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