Fasciolosis (original) (raw)
داء المتورقات (بالإنجليزية: fasciolosis) مرض معد، يصيب الإنسان والحيوانات بما فيهما الماشية والغنم.
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| dbo:abstract | La fasciolosi o distomatosi hepàtica, és una helmintosi causada per dues espècies de trematodes digenis, Fasciola hepatica i . Els adults es localitzen a la vesícula biliar o en els conductes biliars del fetge. Es tracta d'una zoonosi, ja que afecta primàriament a altres mamífers, però pot ser transmesa a l'ésser humà. La fascíola és pròpia d'Europa, Amèrica i Oceania, però a Àfrica i Àsia tenen presència les dues espècies i la seva distribució se superposa en moltes àrees. El cicle biològic dels paràsits involucra dos hostes, un intermediari i un altre definitiu. L'hoste intermediari és un gastròpode d'aigua dolça. El nombre de possibles hostes definitius és molt ampli i inclou el bestiar i molts altres mamífers herbívors, incloent l'ésser humà. Una estimació conservadora sobre la pèrdua de productivitat del bestiar deguda a la fasciolosi dona la xifra de més de 3.200 milions de dòlars anuals a tot el món. A més, la fasciolosi es considera una malaltia humana emergent, i l'Organització Mundial de la Salut ha estimat que afecta a 2,4 milions de persones i que altres 180 milions d'individus presenten risc d'infecció. També és considerada una de les malalties tropicals desateses, dins el grup de les . (ca) داء المتورقات (بالإنجليزية: fasciolosis) مرض معد، يصيب الإنسان والحيوانات بما فيهما الماشية والغنم. (ar) Fasciolóza je onemocnění zvířat a člověka způsobené motolicemi druhů Fasciola hepatica a Fasciola gigantica. Onemocnění postihuje játra a žlučový měchýř. (cs) Die Fasziolose, der Befall mit dem Großen Leberegel (Fasciola hepatica), ist eine Zoonose, die Wiederkäuer, insbesondere Schafe und Rinder, befällt. Durch Verschiffung von Vieh nach Übersee wurde diese ursprünglich europäische Krankheit in die Tropen eingeführt. In Afrika und Asien ist Fasciola gigantica der Haupterreger der Fasziolose. Sie tritt heutzutage nur noch sporadisch in Mitteleuropa auf. Humane Infektionen finden in der Regel durch Aufnahme metazerkarienhaltiger Wasser- oder Ufergewächse, zum Beispiel Brunnenkresse oder Kopfsalat, statt. Als Vektoren fungieren Wasserschnecken, die Mirazidien aufnehmen und Zerkarien in Zystenform wieder ausscheiden. Diese enzystieren sich an den erwähnten Gewächsen. Die oral aufgenommenen Metazerkarien durchdringen aktiv die Darmschleimhaut und suchen sich ihren Weg zum Lebergewebe. Beim Eindringen in die Leberkapsel ist als Komplikation über ein unter der Leberkapsel liegendes (subkapsuläres) Hämatom berichtet worden. In Ausnahmefällen kann es zu einem Befall von anderen Organen als der Leber (ektopen Läsionen) kommen. Über Absiedelungen in der Haut (dermal), im Augeninneren (intraokular), in Muskeln, im Gehirn (cerebral), im Blinddarm, in der Bauchspeicheldrüse und in den Nebenhoden (ependydimal) ist berichtet worden. Häufiger sind Beteiligungen der Pleura und des Herzbeutels, wobei noch ungeklärt ist, ob es sich dabei um Befall mit Leberegeln oder eine immunallergische Reaktionen handelt. Die Parasiten dringen schließlich in das Gallengangsystem ein und führen dort zu Umbauvorgängen des Gallengangsepithels, die ihnen ein Überleben über lange Zeiträume sichern. Es wird angenommen, dass 1998 2,4 Millionen Menschen weltweit infiziert und 240 Millionen infektionsgefährdet waren. In einigen Regionen sind bis zu 60 % der Bevölkerung infiziert. (de) Fasciolosis is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis, and is classified as a neglected tropical disease (NTD). It affects humans, but its main host is ruminants such as cattle and sheep. The disease progresses through four distinct phases; an initial incubation phase of between a few days up to three months with little or no symptoms; an invasive or acute phase which may manifest with: fever, malaise, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, anemia, jaundice, and respiratory symptoms. The disease later progresses to a latent phase with less symptoms and ultimately into a chronic or obstructive phase months to years later. In the chronic state the disease causes inflammation of the bile ducts, gall bladder and may cause gall stones as well as fibrosis. While chronic inflammation is connected to increased cancer rates, it is unclear whether fasciolosis is associated with increased cancer risk. Up to half of those infected display no symptoms, and diagnosis is difficult because the worm eggs are often missed in fecal examination. The methods of detection are through fecal examination, parasite-specific antibody detection, or radiological diagnosis, as well as laparotomy. In case of a suspected outbreak it may be useful to keep track of dietary history, which is also useful for exclusion of differential diagnoses. Fecal examination is generally not helpful because the worm eggs can seldom be detected in the chronic phase of the infection. Eggs appear in the feces first between 9–11 weeks post-infection. The cause of this is unknown, and it is also difficult to distinguish between the different species of fasciola as well distinguishing them from echinostomes and Fasciolopsis. Most immunodiagnostic tests detect infection with very high sensitivity, and as concentration drops after treatment, it is a very good diagnostic method. Clinically it is not possible to differentiate from other liver and bile diseases. Radiological methods can detect lesions in both acute and chronic infection, while laparotomy will detect lesions and also occasionally eggs and live worms. Because of the size of the parasite, as adult F. hepatica: 20–30 × 13 mm (0.79–1.18 × 0.51 inches) or adult F. gigantica: 25–75 × 12 mm (0.98–2.95 × 0.47 inches), fasciolosis is a big concern. The amount of symptoms depend on how many worms and what stage the infection is in. The death rate is significant in both cattle (67.55%) and goats (24.61%), but generally low among humans. Treatment with triclabendazole has been highly effective against the adult worms as well as various developing stages. Praziquantel is not effective, and older drugs such as bithionol are moderately effective but also cause more side effects. Secondary bacterial infection causing cholangitis has also been a concern and can be treated with antibiotics, and toxaemia may be treated with prednisolone. Humans are infected by eating watergrown plants, primarily wild-grown watercress in Europe or morning glory in Asia. Infection may also occur by drinking contaminated water with floating young fasciola or when using utensils washed with contaminated water. Cultivated plants do not spread the disease in the same capacity. Human infection is rare, even if the infection rate is high among animals. Especially high rates of human infection have been found in Bolivia, Peru and Egypt, and this may be due to consumption of certain foods. No vaccine is available to protect people against Fasciola infection. Preventative measures are primarily treating and immunization of the livestock, which are required to host the live cycle of the worms. Veterinary vaccines are in development, and their use is being considered by a number of countries on account of the risk to human health and economic losses resulting from livestock infection. Other methods include using molluscicides to decrease the number of snails that act as vectors, but it is not practical. Educational methods to decrease consumption of wild watercress and other waterplants has been shown to work in areas with a high disease burden. Fascioliasis occurs in Europe, Africa, the Americas as well as Oceania. Recently, worldwide losses in animal productivity due to fasciolosis were conservatively estimated at over US$3.2 billion per annum. Fasciolosis is now recognized as an emerging human disease: the World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 2.4 million people are infected with Fasciola, and a further 180 million are at risk of infection. (en) La fascioliasis o fasciolosis es una enfermedad parasitaria (helmintiasis) causada por dos especies de trematodos digéneos, Fasciola hepatica y , conocidas vulgarmente como duelas del hígado. Los adultos se localizan en la vesícula biliar o en los conductos biliares del hígado. Se trata de una zoonosis ya que afecta primariamente a otros mamíferos, pero puede transmitirse al hombre. F. hepatica es propia de Europa, América y Oceanía, pero en África y Asia se dan ambas especies y su distribución se superpone en muchas áreas. El ciclo biológico de los parásitos involucra a dos hospedadores, uno intermediario y otro definitivo. El hospedador intermediario es un caracol de agua dulce; el número de posibles hospedadores definitivos es muy amplio e incluye el ganado y otros muchos mamíferos herbívoros (principalmente ovejas y vacas), incluyendo el ser humano. Una estimación conservadora sobre la pérdida de productividad del ganado debida a la fascioliasis arroja la cifra de más 3.200 millones de dólares anuales en todo el mundo. Además, la fascioliasis se considera una enfermedad humana emergente; la Organización Mundial de la Salud ha estimado que afecta a 2,4 millones de personas y que otros 180 millones tiene riesgo de infección.El cambio climático parece tener un papel relevante en esta expansión. (es) La fasciolose, parfois aussi appelée fasciolase ou distomatose hépatique, est une helminthose hépato-biliaire provoquée par la migration dans le parenchyme hépatique des formes immatures, puis par la localisation dans les voies biliaires des formes adultes d'un trématode hématophage de la famille des Fasciolidés et du genre Fasciola. En Europe ce parasite est Fasciola hepatica, en Afrique et en Asie il s'agit de . Cette maladie touche principalement les ovins, les bovins et les ragondins, mais d'autres animaux tels le cheval, le porc, la chèvre, les ruminants sauvages ou même l'Homme peuvent être affectés dans une moindre mesure. En élevage bovin et ovin, les infections à Fasciola provoquent des pertes économiques importantes dues à la mauvaise qualité de la viande, à la perte de production laitière et à la saisie des foies détruits. (fr) Fasiolosis adalah infeksi cacing parasit yang diakibatkan oleh cacing hati jenis Fasciola hepatica ataupun . Penyakit ini merupakan zoonosis trematoda yang menular melalui tanaman, dan digolongkan ke dalam penyakit tropis terabaikan. Penyakit ini dapat menjangkiti manusia, tetapi inang utamanya adalah hewan memamah biak seperti sapi atau domba. (in) 肝蛭症（かんてつしょう、fascioliasis）とは寄生虫病であり、人獣共通感染症の一つ。 (ja) La fascioliasi è una distomatosi epatica: una parassitosi delle vie biliari degli erbivori, che, accidentalmente, può colpire l'uomo. (it) Leverbotziekte (ook wel distomatose of fasciolose genoemd) is een parasitaire ziekte die wereldwijd voorkomt onder herkauwers. De belangrijkste verwekker van leverbotziekte in gebieden met gematigd klimaat is de Leverbot (Fasciola hepatica), een ovale platworm van 30 × 12 millimeter, die behoort tot de trematoda. (nl) A fasciolíase é uma parasitose causada pelo parasita platelminte Fasciola hepatica e por vezes também pelo Fasciola gigantica, que infectam animais herbívoros e pessoas que ingerem água ou plantas aquáticas, como o agrião, que estejam contaminados com cistos, os metacercárias. (pt) Fascjoloza (łac. fasciolosis, ang. fascioliasis) – choroba pasożytnicza, wywoływana przez motylicę wątrobową (Fasciola hepatica). Bywa również nazywana chorobą motyliczą. Chorują na nią ludzie i zwierzęta. (pl) Фасциолёз (fasciolosis) — гельминтозное, из группы трематодозов, заболевание животных и человека, характеризуется поражением печени и желчевыделительной системы. Возбудители: Fasciola hepatica — печеночная двуустка и F. gigantica — гигантская двуустка. Впервые фасциолёз человека был представлен П. С. Палласом (1760), Мальпиги (Malpighi, 1698). (ru) Фасціольо́з (лат. Fasciolosis, англ. Fascioliasis; liver fluke disease) — зоонозний біогельмінтоз, який спричинюють статевозрілі гельмінти з роду Fasciola, родини Fasciolidiae, класу Platyhelminthes (Трематоди). Характеризується переважним ураженням печінки і жовчовивідної системи, хронічним перебігом. Фасціольоз включає 3 захворювання: * печінковий фасціольоз, який спричинює Fasciola hepatica (застарілі назви — Distoma hepaticum, Distomum hepaticum, тому застаріла на сьогодні назва — дистоматоз, також — «печінкова гниль»), * гігантський фасціольоз («гігантоз»), який спричинює Fasciola gigantica, * рідкісний у людей індійський фасціольоз, який спричинює Fasciola indica. Через те, що це дуже подібні за епідеміологічними властивостями, патогенезом, клінічних проявах хвороби, їх розглядають практично завжди під однією об'єднувальною назвою — «фасціольоз». (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | داء المتورقات (بالإنجليزية: fasciolosis) مرض معد، يصيب الإنسان والحيوانات بما فيهما الماشية والغنم. (ar) Fasciolóza je onemocnění zvířat a člověka způsobené motolicemi druhů Fasciola hepatica a Fasciola gigantica. Onemocnění postihuje játra a žlučový měchýř. (cs) Fasiolosis adalah infeksi cacing parasit yang diakibatkan oleh cacing hati jenis Fasciola hepatica ataupun . Penyakit ini merupakan zoonosis trematoda yang menular melalui tanaman, dan digolongkan ke dalam penyakit tropis terabaikan. Penyakit ini dapat menjangkiti manusia, tetapi inang utamanya adalah hewan memamah biak seperti sapi atau domba. (in) 肝蛭症（かんてつしょう、fascioliasis）とは寄生虫病であり、人獣共通感染症の一つ。 (ja) La fascioliasi è una distomatosi epatica: una parassitosi delle vie biliari degli erbivori, che, accidentalmente, può colpire l'uomo. (it) Leverbotziekte (ook wel distomatose of fasciolose genoemd) is een parasitaire ziekte die wereldwijd voorkomt onder herkauwers. De belangrijkste verwekker van leverbotziekte in gebieden met gematigd klimaat is de Leverbot (Fasciola hepatica), een ovale platworm van 30 × 12 millimeter, die behoort tot de trematoda. (nl) A fasciolíase é uma parasitose causada pelo parasita platelminte Fasciola hepatica e por vezes também pelo Fasciola gigantica, que infectam animais herbívoros e pessoas que ingerem água ou plantas aquáticas, como o agrião, que estejam contaminados com cistos, os metacercárias. (pt) Fascjoloza (łac. fasciolosis, ang. fascioliasis) – choroba pasożytnicza, wywoływana przez motylicę wątrobową (Fasciola hepatica). Bywa również nazywana chorobą motyliczą. Chorują na nią ludzie i zwierzęta. (pl) Фасциолёз (fasciolosis) — гельминтозное, из группы трематодозов, заболевание животных и человека, характеризуется поражением печени и желчевыделительной системы. Возбудители: Fasciola hepatica — печеночная двуустка и F. gigantica — гигантская двуустка. Впервые фасциолёз человека был представлен П. С. Палласом (1760), Мальпиги (Malpighi, 1698). (ru) La fasciolosi o distomatosi hepàtica, és una helmintosi causada per dues espècies de trematodes digenis, Fasciola hepatica i . Els adults es localitzen a la vesícula biliar o en els conductes biliars del fetge. Es tracta d'una zoonosi, ja que afecta primàriament a altres mamífers, però pot ser transmesa a l'ésser humà. La fascíola és pròpia d'Europa, Amèrica i Oceania, però a Àfrica i Àsia tenen presència les dues espècies i la seva distribució se superposa en moltes àrees. (ca) La fascioliasis o fasciolosis es una enfermedad parasitaria (helmintiasis) causada por dos especies de trematodos digéneos, Fasciola hepatica y , conocidas vulgarmente como duelas del hígado. Los adultos se localizan en la vesícula biliar o en los conductos biliares del hígado. Se trata de una zoonosis ya que afecta primariamente a otros mamíferos, pero puede transmitirse al hombre. F. hepatica es propia de Europa, América y Oceanía, pero en África y Asia se dan ambas especies y su distribución se superpone en muchas áreas. (es) Fasciolosis is a parasitic worm infection caused by the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica as well as by Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a plant-borne trematode zoonosis, and is classified as a neglected tropical disease (NTD). It affects humans, but its main host is ruminants such as cattle and sheep. The disease progresses through four distinct phases; an initial incubation phase of between a few days up to three months with little or no symptoms; an invasive or acute phase which may manifest with: fever, malaise, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, anemia, jaundice, and respiratory symptoms. The disease later progresses to a latent phase with less symptoms and ultimately into a chronic or obstructive phase months to years later. In the chronic state the disease ca (en) Die Fasziolose, der Befall mit dem Großen Leberegel (Fasciola hepatica), ist eine Zoonose, die Wiederkäuer, insbesondere Schafe und Rinder, befällt. Durch Verschiffung von Vieh nach Übersee wurde diese ursprünglich europäische Krankheit in die Tropen eingeführt. In Afrika und Asien ist Fasciola gigantica der Haupterreger der Fasziolose. Sie tritt heutzutage nur noch sporadisch in Mitteleuropa auf. Humane Infektionen finden in der Regel durch Aufnahme metazerkarienhaltiger Wasser- oder Ufergewächse, zum Beispiel Brunnenkresse oder Kopfsalat, statt. Als Vektoren fungieren Wasserschnecken, die Mirazidien aufnehmen und Zerkarien in Zystenform wieder ausscheiden. Diese enzystieren sich an den erwähnten Gewächsen. Die oral aufgenommenen Metazerkarien durchdringen aktiv die Darmschleimhaut und su (de) La fasciolose, parfois aussi appelée fasciolase ou distomatose hépatique, est une helminthose hépato-biliaire provoquée par la migration dans le parenchyme hépatique des formes immatures, puis par la localisation dans les voies biliaires des formes adultes d'un trématode hématophage de la famille des Fasciolidés et du genre Fasciola. En Europe ce parasite est Fasciola hepatica, en Afrique et en Asie il s'agit de . (fr) Фасціольо́з (лат. Fasciolosis, англ. Fascioliasis; liver fluke disease) — зоонозний біогельмінтоз, який спричинюють статевозрілі гельмінти з роду Fasciola, родини Fasciolidiae, класу Platyhelminthes (Трематоди). Характеризується переважним ураженням печінки і жовчовивідної системи, хронічним перебігом. Фасціольоз включає 3 захворювання: Через те, що це дуже подібні за епідеміологічними властивостями, патогенезом, клінічних проявах хвороби, їх розглядають практично завжди під однією об'єднувальною назвою — «фасціольоз». (uk) |
| rdfs:label | داء المتورقات (ar) Fasciolosi (ca) Fasciolóza (cs) Fasziolose (de) Fasciolosis (en) Fascioliasis (es) Fasiolosis (in) Fasciolose (fr) Fascioliasi (it) 肝蛭症 (ja) Leverbotziekte (nl) Fascjoloza (pl) Fasciolíase (pt) Фасциолёз (ru) Фасціольоз (uk) |
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