| dbo:abstract |
A flame fougasse (sometimes contracted to fougasse and may be spelled foo gas) is a type of mine or improvised explosive device which uses an explosive charge to project burning liquid onto a target. The flame fougasse was developed by the Petroleum Warfare Department in Britain as an anti-tank weapon during the invasion crisis of 1940. During that period, about 50,000 flame fougasse barrels were deployed in some 7,000 batteries, mostly in southern England and a little later at 2,000 sites in Scotland. Although never used in combat in Britain, the design saw action later in Greece. Later in World War II, Germany and Russia developed flame throwing mines that worked on a somewhat different principle.After World War II, flame fougasses similar to the original British design have been used in several conflicts including the Korean and Vietnam Wars where it was improvised from easily available parts. The flame fougasse remains in army field manuals as a battlefield expedient to the present day. (en) Une fougasse incendiaire (en anglais : flame fougasse, parfois « fougasse » tout court, ou « foo gas ») est un type de mine terrestre qui utilise une charge explosive pour projeter un liquide enflammé sur une cible. Elle fut initialement développée par le Petroleum Warfare Department en Grande-Bretagne comme une arme anti-char lors de la menace d'une invasion allemande en 1940 et en riposte à la préparation de l'Opération Seelöwe. Durant cette période, environ 50 000 barils de liquide furent déployés en 7 000 batteries, principalement dans le sud de l'Angleterre et, un peu plus tard, sur 2 000 sites en Écosse. Bien que jamais entrée en usage en Grande-Bretagne, l'arme fut utilisée plus tard en Grèce. Un peu plus tard durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, l'Allemagne et l'Union soviétique développèrent des mines incendiaires fonctionnant selon un principe légèrement différent. Après la guerre, des fougasses incendiaires similaires à la conception originale britannique furent utilisées dans un certain nombre de conflits, notamment dans les guerres de Corée et du Viêt Nam, où elles étaient improvisées à partir d'éléments facilement disponibles. De nos jours, dans les manuels de bataille des armées, elle est considérée comme un expédient sur le champ de bataille. (fr) |
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dbr:Anti-personnel_mine dbr:Anti-tank_mine |
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dbr:Second_World_War |
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http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk https://archive.org/details/seekingvictoryon00albe http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/ https://web.archive.org/web/20061016041542/http:/www.ospreypublishing.com/title_detail.php/title=T1516 http://www.kingsownmuseum.plus.com/gallerywwtwo035.htm http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/wartime-secrets-flame-fougasse/ http://www.ospreypublishing.com/title_detail.php/title=T1516 https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6164 http://www.britishpathe.com/search/query/1157.15/search-field/film_id https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=GSEDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA66%23v=onepage&q&f=false https://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/record/2793 |
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0001-11-28 (xsd:gMonthDay) Hedge hopper installation diagram (en) |
| dbp:caption |
Demonstration (en) Installation diagram (en) A demonstration of 'Fougasse', somewhere in Britain. A car is surrounded in flames and a huge cloud of smoke. c 1940. (en) |
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1940 (xsd:integer) |
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Petroleum Warfare Department and William Howard Livens (en) |
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Hedge hopper (en) |
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Hedge hopper installation.jpg (en) Invasion Defences in the United Kingdom 1939-45 H5772.jpg (en) |
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Flame fougasse (en) |
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United Kingdom (en) |
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Single shot (en) |
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1940 (xsd:integer) |
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None (en) |
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Anti-personnel and anti-tank mine (en) |
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British Army and Home Guard (en) |
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dbr:Mine |
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| rdfs:comment |
A flame fougasse (sometimes contracted to fougasse and may be spelled foo gas) is a type of mine or improvised explosive device which uses an explosive charge to project burning liquid onto a target. The flame fougasse was developed by the Petroleum Warfare Department in Britain as an anti-tank weapon during the invasion crisis of 1940. During that period, about 50,000 flame fougasse barrels were deployed in some 7,000 batteries, mostly in southern England and a little later at 2,000 sites in Scotland. Although never used in combat in Britain, the design saw action later in Greece. (en) Une fougasse incendiaire (en anglais : flame fougasse, parfois « fougasse » tout court, ou « foo gas ») est un type de mine terrestre qui utilise une charge explosive pour projeter un liquide enflammé sur une cible. Elle fut initialement développée par le Petroleum Warfare Department en Grande-Bretagne comme une arme anti-char lors de la menace d'une invasion allemande en 1940 et en riposte à la préparation de l'Opération Seelöwe. Durant cette période, environ 50 000 barils de liquide furent déployés en 7 000 batteries, principalement dans le sud de l'Angleterre et, un peu plus tard, sur 2 000 sites en Écosse. Bien que jamais entrée en usage en Grande-Bretagne, l'arme fut utilisée plus tard en Grèce. (fr) |
| rdfs:label |
Flame fougasse (en) Fougasse incendiaire (fr) |
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freebase:Flame fougasse yago-res:Flame fougasse wikidata:Flame fougasse dbpedia-fr:Flame fougasse dbpedia-he:Flame fougasse dbpedia-hr:Flame fougasse dbpedia-simple:Flame fougasse https://global.dbpedia.org/id/2rLig |
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