Hall of Four Heavenly Kings (original) (raw)
Hal van de Vier Hemelse Koningen of Maitreyahal is de eerste hal van een boeddhistische tempelcomplex waar men binnen komt. Men kan het vooral terug vinden in tempels die de stroming Zuiver Land-boeddhisme aanhangen. In deze hal staat een beeld van de toekomstige boeddha, Maitreya. Tegen de rug van dit beeld staat het beeld van Skanda. Aan weerszijden van deze twee beelden staan de vier beelden van de Vier hemelse koningen. Deze beelden zijn alle beeltenissen die bodhisattva zijn. Deze zes bodhisattva, behalve Maitreya, zijn bodhistattva die de boeddhistische leer beschermen.
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| dbo:abstract | The Hall of Four Heavenly Kings or Four Heavenly Kings Hall (Chinese: 天王殿; pinyin: Tiānwángdiàn), referred to as Hall of Heavenly Kings, is the first important hall inside a shanmen (mount gate) in Chinese Buddhist temples and is named due to the Four Heavenly Kings statues enshrined in the hall. Maitreya Buddha is enshrined in the Hall of Heavenly King and at the back of his statue is a statue of Skanda Bodhisattva facing the northern Mahavira Hall. In Buddhism, the Maitreya Buddha, also the future Buddha is Sakyamuni's successor. In the history of Chinese Buddhism, Maitreya Buddha has the handsome image in which he wears a coronet on his head and yingluo (瓔珞) on his body and his hands pose in mudras. According to (《宋高僧傳》; Sung kao-seng chuan), in the Later Liang Dynasty (907-923), there was a fat and big-stomached monk named "Qici" (契此和尚) in Fenghua of Mingzhou (now Zhejiang). Carrying a sack on his shoulder, he always begged in the markets and streets, laughing. So local people called him "The Sack Monk" (布袋和尚). When he reached his Parinirvana, he left a Buddhist Gatha: "Maitreya, the true Maitreya, has thousands of hundreds of millions of manifestations, often instructing people of their time, even when they themselves do not recognize him." (彌勒真彌勒，分身百千億，時時示世人，世人總不識。) So he was seen as the manifestation of Maitreya Buddha. Since then, in Chinese Buddhist temples, Maitreya statues were shaped into a big fat monk's image with a big head and ears, laughing with his upper body exposed and cross-legged. The Skanda Bodhisattva behind him is the Dharmapalass of Buddhist temples. As with Maitreya Buddha, the Skanda Bodhisattva's image has changed into that of a handsome ancient Chinese general who wore armors, and held a vajra in hand. Four Heavenly Kings' statues are enshrined in the left and right side of the Four Heavenly Kings Hall. There are the eastern Dhṛtarāṣṭra (持國天王; Dhṛtarāṣṭra wears white clothes and armor and has a pipa, a Chinese plucked string musical instrument, in his hand), the southern Virūḍhaka (增長天王; Virūḍhaka wears blue clothes with a sword in his hand), the western Virūpākṣa (廣目天王; Virūpākṣa wears red clothes with a dragon or a snake wrapped around his arm), and the northern Vaiśravaṇa (多聞天王; Vaiśravaṇa wears green clothes with a precious umbrella in his right hand and a silver sacred mouse in his left hand). The Four Heavenly Kings are said to live in Mount Meru and their task is to protect the world in their direction respectively. (en) Hal van de Vier Hemelse Koningen of Maitreyahal is de eerste hal van een boeddhistische tempelcomplex waar men binnen komt. Men kan het vooral terug vinden in tempels die de stroming Zuiver Land-boeddhisme aanhangen. In deze hal staat een beeld van de toekomstige boeddha, Maitreya. Tegen de rug van dit beeld staat het beeld van Skanda. Aan weerszijden van deze twee beelden staan de vier beelden van de Vier hemelse koningen. Deze beelden zijn alle beeltenissen die bodhisattva zijn. Deze zes bodhisattva, behalve Maitreya, zijn bodhistattva die de boeddhistische leer beschermen. (nl) 天王殿，又称弥勒殿，是佛教寺院内的第一重殿，殿内正中供奉着弥勒佛塑像，左右供奉着四大天王塑像，背面供奉韦驮天塑像，因此得名。 天王殿最初多见于净土宗寺院，中国禅宗本不供弥勒。但两宋之后中国佛教出现禅净双修的局面，天王殿开始出现在大部分中国寺院里。 (zh) |
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| dbp:c | 增長天王 (en) 多聞天王 (en) 廣目天王 (en) 持國天王 (en) 彌勒真彌勒，分身百千億，時時示世人，世人總不識。 (en) 《宋高僧傳》 (en) 契此和尚 (en) 布袋和尚 (en) 瓔珞 (en) |
| dbp:hangul | 천왕문 (en) |
| dbp:hanja | 天王門 (en) |
| dbp:l | Hall of Four Heavenly Kings (en) |
| dbp:labels | no (en) |
| dbp:lk | Gate of the Heavenly Kings (en) |
| dbp:p | Tiānwángdiàn (en) |
| dbp:pic | Pingyao Zhenguo Si 2013.08.26 15-19-03.jpg (en) |
| dbp:piccap | The Four Heavenly Kings Hall at Zhenguo Temple, in Pingyao County, Shanxi, China. (en) |
| dbp:picsize | 250 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:s | 天王殿 (en) |
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| dcterms:subject | dbc:Buddhist_architecture dbc:Chinese_Buddhist_architecture dbc:Four_Heavenly_Kings |
| rdfs:comment | Hal van de Vier Hemelse Koningen of Maitreyahal is de eerste hal van een boeddhistische tempelcomplex waar men binnen komt. Men kan het vooral terug vinden in tempels die de stroming Zuiver Land-boeddhisme aanhangen. In deze hal staat een beeld van de toekomstige boeddha, Maitreya. Tegen de rug van dit beeld staat het beeld van Skanda. Aan weerszijden van deze twee beelden staan de vier beelden van de Vier hemelse koningen. Deze beelden zijn alle beeltenissen die bodhisattva zijn. Deze zes bodhisattva, behalve Maitreya, zijn bodhistattva die de boeddhistische leer beschermen. (nl) 天王殿，又称弥勒殿，是佛教寺院内的第一重殿，殿内正中供奉着弥勒佛塑像，左右供奉着四大天王塑像，背面供奉韦驮天塑像，因此得名。 天王殿最初多见于净土宗寺院，中国禅宗本不供弥勒。但两宋之后中国佛教出现禅净双修的局面，天王殿开始出现在大部分中国寺院里。 (zh) The Hall of Four Heavenly Kings or Four Heavenly Kings Hall (Chinese: 天王殿; pinyin: Tiānwángdiàn), referred to as Hall of Heavenly Kings, is the first important hall inside a shanmen (mount gate) in Chinese Buddhist temples and is named due to the Four Heavenly Kings statues enshrined in the hall. The Skanda Bodhisattva behind him is the Dharmapalass of Buddhist temples. As with Maitreya Buddha, the Skanda Bodhisattva's image has changed into that of a handsome ancient Chinese general who wore armors, and held a vajra in hand. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Hall of Four Heavenly Kings (en) Hal van de Vier Hemelse Koningen (nl) 天王殿 (zh) |
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