Frank Cousins (British politician) (original) (raw)
Frank Cousins, PC (* 8. September 1904 in , Nottinghamshire; † 11. Juni 1986) war ein britischer Gewerkschaftsfunktionär und Politiker der Labour Party, der unter anderem zwischen 1956 und 1969 Generalsekretär der Transport and General Workers Union (TGWU), von 1964 bis 1966 Technologieminister, sowie zwischen 1965 und 1966 Abgeordneter des Unterhauses (House of Commons) war.
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| dbo:abstract | Frank Cousins PC (8 September 1904 – 11 June 1986) was a British trade union leader and Labour politician. He was born in Bulwell, Nottinghamshire. His father was a miner and Frank followed him into this industry in 1918, joining the Yorkshire Miners' Association. However after five years he became a lorry driver, originally driving coal, and then in 1931 as a long-distance lorry driver, transporting meat between Scotland and London. He became a member of the road transport section of the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU), of which he became a full-time official in Doncaster in July 1938. He was appointed National Secretary of Road Transport (Commercial) Group in October 1948, contested the TGWU Assistant General Secretaryship in 1948 and 1955, securing the position on the latter attempt. He was also elected to the Labour Party's National Executive Committee the same year, but resigned in March 1956. Cousins was appointed acting General Secretary of the TGWU in February 1956, due to poor health on the part of Jock Tiffin. He was elected General Secretary in May 1956, following Tiffin's death, and held the position until 1969. From 1956 to 1969, he was a member of the General Council of the Trades Union Congress and was President of the International Transport Workers' Federation from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1964. Cousins played a significant role in helping Harold Wilson become leader of the Labour Party and served in Wilson's cabinet as Minister of Technology after the October 1964 general election. Cousins carried little influence in Wilson's cabinet and resigned on 11 June 1966 to protest against a Government-backed law freezing incomes and prices. Although. His appointment as a Minister was notable as he is only one of two recent Ministers (the other being Patrick Gordon-Walker) who was appointed to the role without being either a Member of Parliament or a member of the House of Lords. He was also made a Privy Counsellor in 1964. He was elected Member of Parliament for Nuneaton at a by-election in January 1965 and remained an MP until November 1966. During this period Harry Nicholas took over as acting general secretary of the TGWU. (en) Frank Cousins, PC (* 8. September 1904 in , Nottinghamshire; † 11. Juni 1986) war ein britischer Gewerkschaftsfunktionär und Politiker der Labour Party, der unter anderem zwischen 1956 und 1969 Generalsekretär der Transport and General Workers Union (TGWU), von 1964 bis 1966 Technologieminister, sowie zwischen 1965 und 1966 Abgeordneter des Unterhauses (House of Commons) war. (de) Frank Cousins PC (8 septembre 1904-11 juin 1986) est un syndicaliste et leader politique travailliste britannique. (fr) Frank Cousins was een Brits syndicalist en politicus voor Labour. (nl) Frank Cousins è stato un sindacalista inglese, e per trent'anni (dal 1938 al 1969) fu il più battagliero e popolare sostenitore dei diritti dei lavoratori. A questa posizione egli giunse per la via più dura: primo dei dieci figli di un minatore, dovette ben presto guadagnarsi il pane lavorando in miniera prima, come camionista poi. Iscrittosi al sindacato dei camionisti, grazie ad una eloquenza irruente e ad una passione politica fortissima ne divenne rapidamente il leader. Nel 1955 fu eletto segretario generale della "Union" dei trasporti (uno dei sindacati più forti, con oltre un milione e mezzo di iscritti). Da allora fece compiere una svolta al sindacato inglese: la sua concezione, forse un po' dogmatica, del socialismo lo portava a vedere in ogni forma di establishment (che venisse dai conservatori o dai laburisti) un nemico da combattere.Ed egli combatté questo nemico con assoluta intransigenza e con un'irruenza che spesso lo portò ad atteggiamenti o espressioni irrispettose verso le istituzioni più consacrate; perciò fu acclamato dai lavoratori come Big Frank e temuto dagli industriali come Wild Man: un selvaggio, arrabbiato sindacalista. Anche quando fu eletto ministro della Tecnologia nel Gabinetto Harold Wilson, diede ben presto le dimissioni: l'incarico lo allontanava dalle lotte sindacali e lo coinvolgeva nella linea politica laburista, centrata su un piano di restrizioni economiche da cui dissentiva.Fu un gesto che suscitò scalpore, perché rappresentava lo scacco finale dei reiterati tentativi di collaborazione tra sindacati e governo. Dal 1965 al 1966 fu deputato alla Camera dei comuni per il collegio di Nuneaton. (it) Frank Cousins (ur. 8 września 1904 w Bulwell, zm. 11 czerwca 1986) – brytyjski działacz związkowy i polityk, członek Partii Pracy, minister w rządach Harolda Wilsona. Wykształcenie odebrał w King Edward School w Doncasterze. Szkołę opuścił w wieku 14 lat i podjął pracę w kopalni węgla w Yorkshire, gdzie pracowali jego ojciec i brat. Od 1923 pracował jako kierowca ciężarówki. W październiku wstąpił do Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU). W lipcu 1938 został urzędnikiem sekcji transportu drogowego TGWU. W październiku 1948 został narodowym sekretarzem Road Transport (Commercial) Group. W 1948 podjął pierwszą, nieudaną, próbę uzyskania stanowiska asystenta sekretarza generalnego TGWU. Dopiero druga próba, podjęta w 1955, zakończyła się sukcesem. W tym samym roku Cousins został wybrany do Narodowego Komitetu Wykonawczego Partii Pracy. Zrezygnował jednak z tego stanowiska w marcu 1956. Od lutego 1956 był p.o. sekretarza generalnego TGWU. W maju tego roku, po śmierci sekretarza generalnego , Cousins został nowym sekretarzem generalnym. Sprawował to stanowisko do 1969. Był członkiem Rady Generalnej Kongresu Związków Zawodowych oraz przewodniczącym International Transport Workers' Federation w latach 1958-1960 i 1962-1964. Cousins był ministrem technologii w rządzie Wilsona w latach 1964-1966. Od 1964 był członkiem Tajnej Rady. Do Izby Gmin dostał się jednak dopiero w styczniu 1965, wygrywając wybory uzupełniające w okręgu Nuneaton. W lipcu 1966 zrezygnował ze stanowiska ministra, a w listopadzie z mandatu parlamentarnego. W grudniu 1930 poślubił Annie Judd. Miał z nią czworo dzieci - Johna, Brendę, Michaela i Frances. (pl) |
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| rdfs:comment | Frank Cousins, PC (* 8. September 1904 in , Nottinghamshire; † 11. Juni 1986) war ein britischer Gewerkschaftsfunktionär und Politiker der Labour Party, der unter anderem zwischen 1956 und 1969 Generalsekretär der Transport and General Workers Union (TGWU), von 1964 bis 1966 Technologieminister, sowie zwischen 1965 und 1966 Abgeordneter des Unterhauses (House of Commons) war. (de) Frank Cousins PC (8 septembre 1904-11 juin 1986) est un syndicaliste et leader politique travailliste britannique. (fr) Frank Cousins was een Brits syndicalist en politicus voor Labour. (nl) Frank Cousins PC (8 September 1904 – 11 June 1986) was a British trade union leader and Labour politician. He was born in Bulwell, Nottinghamshire. His father was a miner and Frank followed him into this industry in 1918, joining the Yorkshire Miners' Association. However after five years he became a lorry driver, originally driving coal, and then in 1931 as a long-distance lorry driver, transporting meat between Scotland and London. He became a member of the road transport section of the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU), of which he became a full-time official in Doncaster in July 1938. He was appointed National Secretary of Road Transport (Commercial) Group in October 1948, contested the TGWU Assistant General Secretaryship in 1948 and 1955, securing the position on the latter (en) Frank Cousins è stato un sindacalista inglese, e per trent'anni (dal 1938 al 1969) fu il più battagliero e popolare sostenitore dei diritti dei lavoratori. A questa posizione egli giunse per la via più dura: primo dei dieci figli di un minatore, dovette ben presto guadagnarsi il pane lavorando in miniera prima, come camionista poi. Iscrittosi al sindacato dei camionisti, grazie ad una eloquenza irruente e ad una passione politica fortissima ne divenne rapidamente il leader. Dal 1965 al 1966 fu deputato alla Camera dei comuni per il collegio di Nuneaton. (it) Frank Cousins (ur. 8 września 1904 w Bulwell, zm. 11 czerwca 1986) – brytyjski działacz związkowy i polityk, członek Partii Pracy, minister w rządach Harolda Wilsona. Wykształcenie odebrał w King Edward School w Doncasterze. Szkołę opuścił w wieku 14 lat i podjął pracę w kopalni węgla w Yorkshire, gdzie pracowali jego ojciec i brat. Od 1923 pracował jako kierowca ciężarówki. W październiku wstąpił do Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU). W lipcu 1938 został urzędnikiem sekcji transportu drogowego TGWU. W październiku 1948 został narodowym sekretarzem Road Transport (Commercial) Group. W 1948 podjął pierwszą, nieudaną, próbę uzyskania stanowiska asystenta sekretarza generalnego TGWU. Dopiero druga próba, podjęta w 1955, zakończyła się sukcesem. W tym samym roku Cousins został wybrany (pl) |
| rdfs:label | Frank Cousins (Politiker, 1904) (de) Frank Cousins (British politician) (en) Frank Cousins (it) Frank Cousins (fr) Frank Cousins (nl) Frank Cousins (pl) |
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